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Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: brief pathogenic review and a new causal hypothesis

Sica R. E. P.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2012

Vol. 32, no. 4

17-32

This article summarizes the pathogenic mechanisms known to be responsible for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, such as excitoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, proteins damage, inflammation, genes abnormalities and neuronal death; some clinical features of the disorder are discussed as well. Finally, it puts forward the hypothesis that astrocytes, rather than the motor neurons, may be the cells initially damaged by the action of a still unknown causal agent, being the neuronal death a consequence of that first insult. The article suggests that an emergent virus, perhaps a retro-virus, or a misfolded infectious protein might be the agent able to accomplish the task.