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Experimental tests of laminated glass with embedded steel mesh subjected to in-plane loading

Kozłowski Marcin, Wasik Dominik

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

2023

Vol. 16, no. 3

77--88

This article presents the issue of the in-plane post-breakage capacity of laminated glass elements. It presents the results of an ongoing research project that aims to develop novel reinforced, laminated glass elements with embedded steel woven mesh and increased post-breakage capacity. The research was focused on tensile strength tests in a custom-made experimental set-up. The tests were carried out on laminated glass samples consisting of two glass panes with 8, 10 and 12 mm thicknesses, bonded with an EVA Clear interlayer (3.04 mm thick). A total of 36 reference and reinforced samples were tested (6 series of 6 samples each). During the tests, an increase in load after glass breakage was observed for all samples, however, the samples reinforced with steel mesh showed much better strength in the post-breakage phase. It was found that the steel woven mesh embedded in laminated glass increases the post-breakage capacity by approximately 300% compared to the reference samples.

Monotonicity and non-monotonicity of domains of stochastic integral operators

Sato K.

Probability and Mathematical Statistics

2006

Vol. 26, Fasc. 1

23--39

A Lévy process on Rd with distribution }μ at time 1 is denoted by Xμ = {Xμt}, If the improper stochastic integral [formula] of f with respect to Xμ is definable, its distribution is denoted by Ф∫(μ). The class of all infinitely divisible distributions μ on Rd such that Ф∫(μ) is definable is denoted by D(Φ∫). The class D(Φ∫), its two extensions Dc(Φ∫) and Des(Φ∫) (compensated and essential), and its restriction D0(Φ∫)(absolutely definable) are studied. It is shown that Des(Φ∫) is monotonic with respect to ∫, which means that |f2| ≤ |f1| implies Des(Φ∫1) ⊂ Des(Φ∫2). Further D0Φf is monotonic with respect to ∫ but neither D(Φ∫) nor D0(Φ∫)is monotonic with respect to ∫. Furthermore, there exist μ, ∫1 and ∫2 such that 0 ≤∫2 ∫1, and μ∈D(Φ∫1), and μ ∉D(Φ∫2) An explicit example for this is related to some properties of a class of martingale Levy processes.