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Wysokorezystywne wzorce do pomiaru profilu rezystywności krzemowych warstw epitaksjalnych metodą oporności rozpływu w styku punktowym

Brzozowski A., Sarnecki J., Lipiński D., Wodzińska H.

Materiały Elektroniczne

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2013

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T. 41, nr 4

20--26

PL

Wykonano wzorce do kalibracji układu umożliwiającego wyznaczenie profilu rezystywności w krzemowych warstwach epitaksjalnych typu n i p o orientacji <111> i <100> z pomiarów rezystancji rozpływu styku punktowego (SR). Wykonane wzorce umożliwiają kalibrację systemu i zapewniają pomiar profilu rezystywności krzemowych warstw epitaksjalnych o rezystywności dochodzącej do 10 kΩcm. Wdrożono procedury zawarte w instrukcjach ASTM dla przeprowadzenia pomiarów metodą sondy czteroostrzowej rezystywności monokrystalicznych płytek krzemowych przeznaczonych na wzorce do kalibracji systemu SR.

EN

Si standards for the calibration of a spreading resistance probe for measuring the resistivity profiles of n and p type <111> and <100> oriented silicon epitaxial wafers have been performed. These standards allow both the calibration of the SR system and the measurement of resistivity distribution in silicon epitaxial layers having resistivity of up to 10 kΩcm. Procedures for measuring the resistivity of silicon wafers used as standards for the SR systems calibration by the Four-Point Probe method have been implemented in accordance with the ASTM instruction.

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Monocrystalline silicon solar cells applied in photovoltaic system

Dobrzański L. A., Drygała A., Giedroć M., Macek M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 53, nr 1

7--13

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to fabricate the monocrystalline silicon solar cells using the conventional technology by means of screen printing process and to make of them photovoltaic system. Design/methodology/approach: The investigation of current - voltage characteristic to determinate basic electrical properties of monocrystalline silicon solar cells were investigated under Standard Test Condition. Photovoltaic module was produced from solar cells with the largest short-circuit current, which were joined in series. Findings: This work presents a conventional technological process by means of screen printed method of monocrystalline silicon solar cells production. In order to obtain a device producing an electrical energy, solar cells were connected in a photovoltaic module. Then protected from damages by Schottky and Zener diodes. Practical implications: The module was used to build a demonstration photovoltaic system - traffic light - pedestrian crossing, which shows the practical use of widely available, renewable energy source which is the Sun. Originality/value: The key to solve ecological problems, which are effects of mass combustion of fossil fuel such as: coal and crude oil is development of renewable energy technology like photovoltaic energy.

3

Application of crystalline silicon solar cells in photovoltaic modules

Dobrzański L. A., Drygała A., Giedroć M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 44, nr 2

96-103

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to determinate basic electrical properties of solar cells, made of them photovoltaic module and analysis of its main electrical parameters. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, several methods were used: current - voltage characteristic to determinate basic electrical properties of 36 monocrystalline silicon solar cells, soft soldering technique to bond solar cells . Photovoltaic module was produced from 31 solar cells with the largest short-circuit current, which were joined in series. Findings: In order to obtain a device producing an electrical current with a higher current and voltage level, solar cells were connected in a photovoltaic module and then protected from damages derived from external factors. In series connection solar cell with the lowest current determines the current flowing in the PV module. Taking this fact into account the analysis of photovoltaic module construction was performed. Practical implications: Because of low operating cost and simplicity of photovoltaic installation, photovoltaic technology is perfectly suitable for supplying objects which are beyond powers network range as well as connected to it. In many cases, they are less costly option than a direct extension of the power network. Originality/value: Protecting the environment from degradation due to pollution, which has source in conventional power industry, as well as diminishing resources of fossil fuels, tend to increase development of renewable energy production such as photovoltaic technology.