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Problemy związane z usunięciem wilgoci z budynków zabytkowych poddawanych renowacji

Brachaczek Wacław, Chleboś Adam

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 11

184--187

PL

W artykule omówiono istotne w aspekcie wykonywania ekspertyz zagadnienia decydujące o postępowaniu w renowacji budynków z wilgotnymi murami. Na wybranych przykładach renowacji podano sposoby przedostawania się wilgoci do konstrukcji obiektu. Wskazane zostały konkretne rozwiązania mające na celu eliminację źródła zawilgocenia. Przedstawiono sposób działania systemu tynków renowacyjnych jako rozwiązania skutecznie poprawiającego osuszanie murów i eliminację szkodliwych soli.

EN

The article presents the impact of moisture on the degradation of historic buildings. On selected examples of renovation, methods of moisture penetration into the structure of the building have been presented. Article presents also specific solutions to eliminate the source of moisture. The method of operation of the renovation plaster system as a solution that effectively improves the drying of walls and the elimination of harmful salts is presented.

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Life cycle assessment and economic valuation of a natural convection solar greenhouse dryer in Western Maharashtra, India

Yadav Aditya Arvind, Prabhu Pravin A., Bagi Jaydeep S.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 6, No 1

99--105

EN

The current study focuses on the life cycle assessment and an economic valuation of a natural convection solar greenhouse dryer in Western Maharashtra, India. The Solar Greenhouse Dryer is an active device that gains solar radiation incident on to the surface of the dryer and along with wind energy, it removes moisture from agricultural yield. The combination of solar Energy and wind energy removes moisture from agricultural yield. The Solar Greenhouse Dryer is primarily used in rural settings; hence, it is very important to analyse the environmental and economic aspects associated with the dryer to obtain the maximum benefit from the dryer with less investment possible. The experiment involving a natural convection solar dryer was conducted at Bahe, Borgaon, Tal-Walwa, Dist- Sangli, Maharashtra, India located at 17.115° N and 74.33° E. The environmental parameters taken into considerations during the analysis covered energy, Energy payback time and CO2 emissions, mitigation and carbon credits earned by the dryer. The economic analysis of the solar dryer consists of the annual cost of the dryer, the salvage value, the annual saving obtained and the payback period respectively. The embodied energy of the solar greenhouse dryer considering all the components of the dryer is 238.317 kWh, the energy payback time is 0.588 years and CO2 emissions are 24.327 kg per year, the carbon dioxide mitigation is 2.042 kg per kWh and the carbon credits earned by the dryer are nearly 28, 600. The annual cost of the dryer is Rs. 21, 600, the salvage value of the dryer is Rs. 7, 160, the annual savings obtained from the dryer are Rs. 1,62, 574 and the payback period is around 2 years respectively. The Solar Greenhouse Dryer is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution that can effectively be used in rural settings by farmers to prevent various post-harvest losses associated with the agricultural yield and to gain extra additional income from the dried products.

3

Response surface modelling and performance evaluation of solar dryer for drying of grapes

Yadav Aditya Arvind, Prabhu Pravin A., Bagi Jaydeep S.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 5, No 2

157--168

EN

The current study focuses on the performance of the Solar Greenhouse Dryer for drying of grapes for raisin production in the Solar Dryer and Open sun condition in Western Maharashtra. The grape is also known as Vitis Vinifera, and it is a sub-tropical fruit with excess pulp content. The grapes are used as an immune booster as it contains various Phyto-chemicals which reduce various diseases. It is estimated that nearly 80% of grapes produced in India are exported to European countries. The Maharashtra state ranks first in the production of grapes; probably, Western Maharashtra produces nearly 800 thousand tons of grapes every year. The major wastage of grapes is due to a low sugar content, glossy appearance, shrinkage, excess water in the berry, scorching and size variations. Therefore, there is a need to preserve grapes by drying and production of raisins for a non-seasonal requirement. The experiment was conducted for drying of grapes in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and Open Sun conditions from 1st of April to 4th of April for 48 hours. The initial weight of the grapes to be dried was 500 grams for both the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and Open Sun drying conditions. The experiment was conducted at Bahe, Borgaon, Tal-Walwa, Dist-Sangli, Maharashtra, India located at 17.115oN and 74.33oE. The experimental observations collected during the `experimentation were set as input data for the Design of Experiments i.e., for Response Surface Modelling (RSM). The main aim of using DOE i.e., Response Surface Modelling, is to obtain an optimum region for drying of grapes in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer, from the Surface plot; a region of maxima and minima was obtained. The contour plot obtained during modelling resembles the optimum region of drying, the optimum region for drying grapes is 45 to 50oC respectively. The Moisture Removal Rate (MRR) for drying of grapes in the Solar Greenhouse Dryer and in the Open Sun drying is 73.6% and 57.2% respectively. The drying rate observed during the experiment has a better resemblance with simulated Response Surface Modelling.

4

Numerical simulation and experimental validation of solar greenhouse dryer using finite element analysis for different roof shapes

Yadav Aditya Arvind, Prabhu Pravin A., Bagi Jaydeep S.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 5, No 1

69--79

EN

The present study focuses on the numerical simulation and experimental validation of a Solar Greenhouse Dryer (SGHD). The Solar Dryers are the devices which uses solar energy to dry substances, especially crops with high moisture content, and the word Greenhouse means protection of crops from excess hot or cold climatic conditions and unwanted pests. Thus, Solar Greenhouse Dryer is a device which utilizes solar energy for drying of crops with high moisture content and prevents it from excess climatic conditions and provides optimum range of temperature and prevents the dried product from pests and dust while drying. The numerical simulation of SGHD was performed using Finite Element Analysis software ANSYS 2020 R2. Initially three different roof shapes were modelled using software CATIA V5 R3 namely triangular, trapezoidal and dome shape. The modelled SGHDs was then introduced to ANSYS domain for numerical analysis. The models were initially meshed in ANSYS workbench with unstructured tetrahedral structure of mesh over all the domains. The Solar Ray tracing content was used for numerical simulation of dryers, the solar ray tracing is used to predict direct illumination energy source produced by sun at experimental site. The experiment for no-load test was conducted at Bahe Borgaon, Dist- Sangli, Maharashtra, India at 17.115°N and 74.33°E.

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Analiza doświadczalna i numeryczna procesu suszenia węgla w nowym typie suszarki uderzeniowo-wirowej

Bigda J., Ignasiak K., Słowik K.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2015

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T. 94, nr 4

502-507

PL

Zaprezentowano wyniki badań eksperymentalnych oraz numerycznych procesu suszenia węgla kamiennego w innowacyjnej suszarce uderzeniowo-wirowej w skali 100 kg/h, której konstrukcja została opracowana w IChPW. Zbadano wpływ zmiany parametrów procesu suszenia na stopień podsuszenia węgla w tej suszarce. Dodatkowo opracowano model numeryczny procesu suszenia. Dla zmiennych parametrów pracy suszarki (różnych strumieni dozowanego węgla oraz spalin do suszarki) przeprowadzono serię testów, a ich wyniki wykorzystano do weryfikacji modelu numerycznego. Wykazano, że przy użyciu suszarki uderzeniowo-wirowej można z węgla kamiennego usunąć nawet 60% zawartej w nim wilgoci.

EN

Polish bituminous coal (moisture content 9,4%, grain size up to 3 mm) was dried with flue gas under pilot plant conditions (impact dryer, up to 100 kg/h, flue gas temp. 523–542°C). A decrease in moisture content in the coal by 42–60% was achieved. Numerical model of the proces was developed. The results of calculations agreed well with the exptl. data.