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3 Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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Study on recovery of iron and sulfur from high-sulfur magnetite ore

Zhao Yongqiang, Zhou Wen-tao, Sun Tichang, Ahmadzai Asadullah

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2022

Vol. 58, iss. 4

art. no. 150889

In this paper, to produce a saleable magnetite concentrate with a sulfur level below 0.20% and recover sulfur concentrate, flotation and magnetic separation tests were undertaken. Results showed that the optimum conditions of flotation were established as follows: grinding fineness of 90% particles passing 0.074mm, pH 6, 400 g/t of CuSO4, and 400 g/t of combined collectors. Under these conditions and magnetic separation, S grade of the magnetite concentrate was reduced from 3.20% to 0.18%, and the Fe grade improved from 57.29% to 71.17%. At the same time a sulfur concentrate with S grade of 38.05% and recovery of 91.32% was also obtained. The XPS results showed that the addition of CuSO4 benefited the formation of hydrophobic Sn2-/S0 and Cu+-xanthate, enhancing pyrrhotite floatability. The flotation separation efficiency could be enhanced using a mixture of collectors, and collector mixture demonstrated three synergetic effects, namely enhanced S recovery, improved adsorption behavior of the collectors and enhanced hydrophobicity of pyrrhotite surface.

Exploration on flotation behavior of galena in seawater and related mechanism

Song Ningbo, Sun Chuanyao, Yin Wanzhong, Yao Jin, Yang Bin

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2022

Vol. 58, iss. 4

art. no. 151524

The utilization of seawater in mineral flotation is the future development trend because of the shortage of fresh water resources. However, at present, the flotation behavior and mechanism of galena in seawater are not clear. Therefore, this paper comprehensively carried out the effect mechanism of seawater on the flotation of galena. Micro-flotation results illustrated that the recovery of galena was higher in deionized water than that in 5×10-2 mol/L MgCl2 solution, 1×10-2 mol/L CaCl2 solution and seawater. Contact angle determination and Zeta potential distribution measurements showed that hydrophilic substances adsorbed on the surface of galena under alkaline conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis further indicated that these substances were hydroxides precipitates, carbonate precipitates and hydroxyl complexes formed by divalent magnesium and calcium ions, which prevented the adsorption of collector on mineral surface. As a result, the galena recovery declined in 5×10-2 mol/L MgCl2 solution, 1×10-2 mol/L CaCl2 solution and seawater.

Application of mixed collectors on quartz-feldspar by fluorine-free flotation separation and their interaction mechanism : a review

Li Peiyue, Ren Zijie, Xie Enjun, Duan Shutong, Gao Huimin, Wu Jianxin, He Yuhao

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2021

Vol. 57, iss. 4

139--156

Quartz and feldspar are usually exist in symbiosis in nature, and they are difficult to be separated effectively by conventional physical methods owing to their similarities in crystal structures and surface characteristics. Flotation is the most resultful method, and especially, flotation with hydrofluoric acid (HF) is the most efficient way. Because HF may cause serious environmental and health problems, the effective and environmentally friendly separation of quartz and feldspar remains a formidable challenge. The crystal structure, surface broken bonds, surface energy, and solid–liquid interface properties of quartz and feldspar are investigated in this paper. In particular, some types of mixed cationic/anion collectors and their interaction mechanism on the quartz and feldspar surfaces with acidic, alkaline, and neutral media in the absence of fluorine are discussed, and the grade and scheme of quartz and feldspar for the practical application are illustrated. This review proposes concrete research approaches and provides perspectives for the advanced processing of quartz and feldspar in an environmentally friendly and economical way.