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DNA barcoding of commercially important marine fish species Hipposcarus harid from the central Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Solami Lafi Al

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2024

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Vol. 53, No. 2

111--119

EN

In this study, the collected fish species were identified based on morphological observations and then evaluated by DNA barcoding. The COI gene has been recognized as a biological marker for fish species identification and the objective of this study is to analyze the variable region of the COI gene in subunit I. The mitochondrial cytochrome (COI) oxidase subunit I gene was analyzed as a suitable molecular maker for the identification of three specimens of the fish species Hipposcarus harid, widely distributed in the Red Sea. The COI gene sequences in the variable region revealed variations among the fish species. The COI gene sequences in the variable region were similar to the variable region of Hipposcarus harid collected from the Northern Red Sea and all three were named: H. harid H13, H. harid H2c, and H. harid H12. The identification of the fish species collected from the Red Sea in Saudi Arabia would help ichthyologists improve the management, conservation and monitoring of economically important long-nose parrotfish species in Saudi Arabia.

2

Phylogenetic characteristics of selected European huchen (Hucho hucho L.) broodstocks : implication for broodstock management

Kuciński Marcin, Fopp-Bayat Dorota

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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Vol. 50, No. 1

38--46

EN

European huchen (Hucho hucho) is a representative of large and rare migratory salmonid fish, which has become endangered due to extensive anthropogenic changes in freshwater ecosystems. Numerous broodstocks of the European huchen have therefore been established throughout the species’ range in recent years to supplement wild fisheries of this species. Unfortunately, this conservation management strategy entails a number of potential ecological and genetic risks associated with the release of farm-raised fish into wild populations. A comprehensive and feasible genetic monitoring protocol for broodstocks maintained for the production of restocking material is therefore essential in the sustainable management of critically endangered fish species. The current paper presents phylogenetic characteristics of four selected huchen broodstocks across Central and Eastern Europe. Genetic comparisons of the studied broodstocks were based on ten microsatellite DNA markers. The effective population size (Ne), the individual assignment test, the Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA), the allele sharing distance (DAS) and the Bayesian clustering analysis were applied in this study. Moreover, five selected fragments of mitochondrial DNA were used for molecular verification of species membership and genetic purity of examined specimens.

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Choroby o podłożu zaburzeń mitochondrialnych. Etiologia i dziedziczenie

Cal Magdalena, Kos Karolina

Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski

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2020

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nr 1

16--22

PL

Mitochondria są organellami znajdującymi się w prawie każdej komórce organizmu ludzkiego. Odpowiadają przede wszystkim za syntezę ATP, a więc dostarczają energię dla wszystkich procesów wewnątrzkomórkowych. Wraz z rozwojem medycyny wzrosła świadomość o bardzo ważnej roli tych organelli zarówno w życiu, jak i w śmierci komórki. Diagnozowanie schorzeń o podłożu zaburzeń w prawidłowym funkcjonowaniu mitochondriów świadczy o bardzo ważnych funkcjach mitochondrium. Dziedziczenie mitochondrialne nie jest zgodne z prawami Mendla, mitochandria przekazywane są głównie od matki.

EN

Mitochondria are organelles found in almost every cell of the human body. They are primarily responsible for the synthesis of ATP and thus provide energy for all intracellular processes. Along with the development of medicine, the awareness of a very important role of these organelles in both cell life and death increases. Diagnosing diseases related to disorders in the proper functioning of mitochondria is indicative of very important functions of the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial inheritance is not accordant with the Mendelian laws, mitochondria are passed mainly from the mother.

4

Detection of recombinant mitochondrial genomes: Implications for the mechanism of mtDNA inheritance in mussel Mytilus

Filipowicz M., Burzyński A., Wenne R.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2008

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Vol. 4, No. 2

54-59

EN

Recombination plays a fundamental role in the creation of biodiversity. It is the mechanism inducing formation of rearrangements within the genomes which, beside mutations, are the major source of genetic variation. In the process of recombination a single or double DNA strand is broken and rejoined with unassociated DNA fragments. There are several types of recombination: homologous recombination, sitespecific recombination and transposition. Within mitochondrial genomes, inter- and intra-molecular recombination can occur. Except for intramolecular recombination of mtDNA, the other types of recombination always result in the creation of mosaic genomes. However, in the natural populations mtDNA recombination is detected extremely rarely. It is caused by the clonal inheritance of mitochondrial genomes and consequential lack of sufficient divergence between parental mitochondrial molecules. Mussels of the genus Mytilus possess two types of mitochondrial genomes inherited from males and females, respectively, and their mode of mtDNA inheritance is called doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI). The presence of two highly diverged parental molecules gives the opportunity for detection of recombinant variants. This feature of Mytilus mtDNA can be broadly exploited in the search for and characteristics of recombinant sequences. Apart from the high level of sequence divergence, fusion of mitochondria and appropriate enzymatic toolkit are principal requirements for the occurrence of recombination. The majority of phylogenetic and demographic analysis based on mtDNA assumes the lack of recombination. If this assumption turned out to be erroneous, previous analyses would be weakened. Recombination is associated with DUI abnormalities, e.g. masculinization of mitochondrial genomes. It may even lead to the breakdown of DUI system resulting in the new, unidentified mode of mtDNA inheritance in mussel Mytilus that might be regulated by stochastic events.