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1

Design of highly sensitive temperature sensor based on photonic band gap structure

Grine Farouk, Ammari Halima, Benhabiles Mohamed Taoufik, Riabi Mohamed Lahdi

Optica Applicata

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2024

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Vol. 54, nr 1

41--49

EN

In this paper, a novel microstrip resonator technique for temperature sensing is proposed, designed, and implemented using a hybrid planar microstrip line and photonic band gap (PBG) structure. To implement the PBG structure of the microstrip line, a microfluidic channel with periodic form is introduced into the substrate and filled with water. The operation principle of the sensor is based on a frequency shift due to the variation in the center of the band gap, which in turn changes with the variation of the permittivity of water, which relates to the temperature. The different empirical expressions describing the complex permittivity with the resonant frequency were carried out. The proposed sensor is simple in design and low cost, which may be applied in different applications at the industrial.

2

Wearable Textile Antenna for Glucose Level Monitoring

Ghodake Asha, Hogade Balaji

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2023

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Vol. 69, No. 2

219--224

EN

Wearable antennas are becoming increasingly popular as a result of their wide range of applications, including communication, health parameter monitoring, and so on. If the wearable antenna is built of textile material, it is highly comfortable to wear and has numerous benefits, such as light weight, compact size, and low cost. A 1.3 GHz microstrip antenna made from jeans substrate is presented in this work. For antenna conducting patch and ground plane copper material is used. The electromagnetic properties of the jean’s substrate are dielectric constant ℇr = 1.7 and loss tangent tan δ = 0.01. In this work the main purpose or application of this antenna is to observe three levels of glucose, i.e., hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and normal glucose. The antenna is placed over the arm in the first scenario, while the finger is placed over the antenna patch in the second case. When the glucose concentration in the blood varies, the blood properties change, and the antenna frequency shifts as a result. [That] This frequency shift is used to find out the three glucose levels. The advantage of jeans substrate is that you can wear this antenna very easily over your arm. The antenna is designed using HFSS software and tested using an arm phantom and a finger phantom designed in HFSS.

3

A Review : Microstrip Fractal antenna geometries

Al-saedi Anwer Jabbar Hasan, Perez Jesus Carretero

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 8

1--7

EN

With the rapid development of wireless communication system, the main objective is to design of wideband, multiband and small size antenna. To obtains these requirements the fractal antenna is used. The term “fractal” came into the existence in 1975 which means non-regular and never ending pattern. Fractal geometry has advantages of reducing antenna size and obtains multi-band or wideband behaviour; while it’s on the other hand drawback is increasing the complexity of antenna design when increasing the iteration number without notifies any enhancement in antenna performance. Also, fractal geometry has two important properties such as space filling and self-similarity. One of the most hopeful areas of fractal-geometry is its application to the design of antenna to produce miniature size and wideband antenna take advantages from their unique properties of self- similarity property and space-filling.

PL

Wraz z szybkim rozwojem systemów komunikacji bezprzewodowej, głównym celem jest projektowanie anten szerokopasmowych, wielopasmowych io niewielkich rozmiarach. Aby spełnić te wymagania, stosuje się antenę fraktalną. Termin „fraktal” powstał w 1975 roku, co oznacza nieregularny i niekończący się wzór. Geometria fraktalna ma zalety polegające na zmniejszeniu rozmiaru anteny i uzyskaniu zachowania wielopasmowego lub szerokopasmowego; z drugiej strony wadą jest zwiększenie złożoności konstrukcji anteny przy zwiększaniu liczby iteracji bez powiadamiania o zwiększeniu wydajności anteny. Ponadto geometria fraktalna ma dwie ważne właściwości, takie jak wypełnienie przestrzeni i samopodobieństwo. Jednym z najbardziej obiecujących obszarów geometrii fraktalnej jest jej zastosowanie do projektowania anten o miniaturowych rozmiarach, a anteny szerokopasmowe czerpią korzyści z ich unikalnych właściwości samopodobieństwa i wypełniania przestrzeni.

4

Study on Metamaterial-based Bio-inspired Microstrip Antenna Array for 5G Enabled Mobile Health Technology

Colaco John, Cotta Jillian

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2022

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Vol. 68, No. 2

201--207

EN

5G is a fifth-generation wireless technology that enables extremely fast data transfers and massive connection capacity. Existing Mobile health technology requires more reliable connection power and data transfer rates. The purpose of this research is to design, analyse, and compare the performance of a bio-inspired lotus-shaped microstrip patch antenna array with two to three radiating elements. The proposed antenna utilizes proximity coupled indirect microstrip transmission line feeding technique operating in the 24 GHz-30 GHz frequency band. The results indicate that performance continues to improve as the number of radiating elements increases. Moreover, each radiating element is loaded with complementary and non-complementary split-ring resonators (SRRs). The performance of the proposed microstrip antenna array is then analysed and compared with and without split-ring resonators. The findings validate that the proposed bio-inspired metamaterial-based microstrip patch array antenna is more reliable and performs better than an antenna without SRRs.

5

Implementation of truncated microstrip patch antenna for microwave radio communication

Alam Syah, Surjati Indra

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 6

128--131

EN

This study proposes the realization and implementation of a truncated microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for a microwave radio communication at a resonant frequency of 11 GHz. The truncated corner technique is employed to produce circular polarization with an axial ratio ≤ 3 dB by cutting the patch edges from the microstrip patch antenna. The measurement results confirmed that the proposed antenna has operated at a resonant frequency of 11 GHz with return loss performance ≤ -10 dB and VSWR ≤ 2. Furthermore, the circular polarization of the proposed antenna revealed an axial ratio ≤ 3 dB at resonant frequency of 11 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 6.95 %. From the field testing, a stable receive signal level could be obtained when the antenna’s azimuth is in 90°, 180°, and 270°. Therefore, it can be inferred that the proposed antenna can be a future candidate for microwave radio commutation system application.

PL

W opracowaniu zaproponowano wykonanie i implementację anteny z mikropaskami ściętymi (MPA) do mikrofalowej komunikacji radiowej z częstotliwością rezonansową 11 GHz. Technika ściętego narożnika jest wykorzystywana do uzyskania polaryzacji kołowej ze stosunkiem osiowym ≤ 3 dB poprzez odcięcie krawędzi z anteny mikropaskowej. Wyniki pomiarów potwierdziły, że proponowana antena pracowała z częstotliwością rezonansową 11 GHz przy tłumienności odbiciowej ≤ -10 dB i VSWR ≤ 2. Ponadto polaryzacja kołowa proponowanej anteny wykazała stosunek osiowy ≤ 3 dB przy częstotliwości rezonansowej 11 GHz z ułamkową przepustowością 6,95%. Z testów w terenie można było uzyskać stabilny poziom odbieranego sygnału, gdy azymut anteny wynosi 90 °, 180 ° i 270 °. Dlatego można wywnioskować, że proponowana antena może być przyszłym kandydatem do zastosowania w systemie komunikacji mikrofalowej.

6

Bandwidth enhancement of array microstrip antenna using spiral stub For 5G communication system

Alam Syah, Surjati Indra, Sari Lydia, Anindito Atria, Putranto Agam Yudi, Firmansyah Teguh

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2021

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R. 97, nr 11

40--44

EN

This paper proposes a new design of a 2x2 microstrip array antenna with spiral stub for a 5G communication system at the resonant frequency of 3.5 GHz. Spiral stub is useful for increasing the bandwidth value of the proposed antenna. The spiral stub is designed using a microstrip line with an impedance of 70.7 ohms. This study proposes three antenna models by adjusting the number and dimensions of the spiral stubs. From the simulation results using EM Simulation, the optimal bandwidth is obtained when the number of spiral stubs (n) = 3 with dimensions of spiral stub Wstub =18.5 mm and Ls = 8 mm . The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 0.8 GHz or an increase until 88.88% compared with array 2x2 without spiral stubs. Furthermore, the gain of the proposed antenna is 10.67 dB at the resonant frequency of 3.5 GHz. This research is very useful for increasing bandwidth for the purposes of 5G communication systems.

PL

W artykule zaproponowano nowy projekt anteny mikropaskowej 2x2 ze spiralnym odgałęzieniem dla systemu komunikacji 5G na częstotliwości rezonansowej 3,5 GHz. Spiralny odcinek jest przydatny do zwiększania wartości szerokości pasma proponowanej anteny. Spiralny króciec został zaprojektowany z wykorzystaniem linii mikropaskowej o impedancji 70,7 omów. W niniejszym opracowaniu zaproponowano trzy modele anten, dostosowując liczbę i wymiary końcówek spiralnych. Z wyników symulacji z wykorzystaniem symulacji EM optymalną szerokość pasma uzyskuje się, gdy liczba króćców spiralnych (n) = 3 o wymiarach króćca spiralnego Wstub =18,5 mm i Ls = 8 mm . Przepustowość proponowanej anteny wynosi 0,8 GHz lub jest wyższa o 88,88% w porównaniu z macierzą 2x2 bez spiralnych odgałęzień. Ponadto zysk proponowanej anteny wynosi 10,67 dB przy częstotliwości rezonansowej 3,5 GHz. Badania te są bardzo przydatne do zwiększania przepustowości na potrzeby systemów komunikacji 5G.

7

Design and Analysis of Circular Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna

Bhattacharyya Kaustubh, Thangjam Rupanda, Goswami Sivaranjan, Sarmah Kumaresh, Baruah Sunandan

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2019

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Vol. 65, No. 3

339--345

EN

This paper presents a novel complementary CPWfed slotted microstrip patch antenna for operation at 2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz and 6.3 GHz frequencies. The primary structure consists of the complementary split ring resonator slots on a patch and the design is fabricated on FR-4 epoxy substrate with substrate thickness of 1.6 mm. The described structure lacks the presence of a ground plane and makes use of a number of circular complementary SRRs along with rectangular slots on the radiating patch. The structure provides a wide bandwidth of around 390 MHz, 470 MHz and 600 MHz at the three bands with return losses of -11.5 dB, -24.3996dB and -24.4226 dB, respectively. The inclusion of the rectangular slots in the CSRR based slot antenna with stairecase structure improved the performance with respect to return loss.

8

Modern micropattern gas detectors

Bochenek M., Koperny S., Kowalski T. Z.

Nukleonika

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2008

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Vol. 53, suppl. 2

25--28

EN

In all measurement systems of radiation, the detector is the most important part. We can say that it is the heart of these systems. Gas detectors are still the most popular type of detector. Modern technologies allow manufacturing gas detectors having a very good energy and position (2D) resolution, high efficiency, large effective area, small count rate effect, radiation hardness, good signal-to-noise ratio and not complicated structure. These detectors are very fast and can stably work for a long period of time. One advantage of gas detectors is the possibility to read not only charge, but also UV light generated in the detector. In this paper we want to make a review of construction, mechanical properties, performance and possible applications of the following so-called micropattern gas detectors (MPGD): microstrip gas chamber (MSGC), gas electron multiplier (GEM), MICRO-MEsh GAseous Structure (MICROMEGAS) and capillary plate detector (CP).