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Cultivation of soapwort plants (Saponaria officinalis L.) in in vitro cultures

Figas Anna, Lefelbajn Weronika

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2023

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nr I/1

59--69

EN

Saponaria officinalis L. is a medicinal plant from the family Caryophyllaceae. It occurs in most European countries, as well as in North Africa, America and Western Asia. The aim of the study was to find an optimal method of sterilization S. officinalis seeds in order to obtain sterile seedlings and to multiply axillary shoots from nodal explants isolated from them, on MS medium with the addition of growth regulators (RW). In this study, 4 variants of seed sterilization were compared using NaClO at the following concentrations: 1.5% (2), 2% (3) and 2.5% (4) for a period of 11 minutes. The control was a variant in which 70% C2H5OH was used for pre-sterilization for 1 minute (1). The highest percentage of sprouted, seeds and sterile seedlings and the lowest percentage of contamination were obtained in variant (4). As a result of micropropagation of soapwort in in vitro cultures, axillary shoots were formed from nodal explants from axillary buds. The highest percentage of explants with shoots (95%) and callus tissue (48%) and the highest number of shoots from one explant (5.95) were obtained in the second passage on MS medium with the addition of 4 mg.dm-3 BAP and 0.5 mg.dm-3 NAA. Due to the wide possibilities of using soapwort, it is advisable to continue research aimed at developing an optimal and efficient plant regeneration system of this species.

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Salts Induced Salinity and in Vitro Multiplication of Paronychia argentea

Osman Nahid Abd Elhamid, Shatnawi Mohamad, Shibli Rida, Majdalawi Majdi, Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman M., Qudah Tamara

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 5

55--64

EN

Paronychia argentea is a wild herb plant with a high medicinal value. P. argentea plant is a neglected herb that grows without any attention in terms of research for cultivation and propagation. The conventional propagation methods of P. argentea by seeds and cutting are not preferred due to low germination percentage and cutting rooting problems. As a substitute for seed propagation, effective micropropagation protocols were developed. Using 0.6 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), maximum of 3.90 (shoot/explant) was produced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. In vitro growth was significantly decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. Potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) concentrations in P. argentea plantlets decreased significantly under NaCl treatment. Level of protein in leaf tissue generally decreased with increased NaCl concentrations in the medium. Proline content in P. argentea plantlets increased significantly with increasing NaCl concentrations. An increased in NaCl concentration in the medium resulted in an increase in total soluble solids (TSS) in plant tissue. Moreover, as salinity level concentration increased relative water content was decreased. High NaCl was significantly affected in vitro plants growth. P. argentea showed that in vitro P. argentea plantlets could be tolerated to in vitro salinity.

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Application of Chitosan In Vitro to Minimize the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Petunia × atkinsiana D. don

Krupa-Małkiewicz M., Fornal N.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 1

143--149

EN

The genus Petunia is a plant of high economic importance in the world-wide horticulture. These ornamental plants are often exposed to soil salinity that negatively affects their development. Chitosan is a biopolymer with multiple applications in plant breeding but it also minimizes the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on plant growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of chitosan on petunia shoots development under salt stress in vitro. In the first experiment, four types of chitosan with molecular weight of 3.33, 8, 10 and 970 kDa in the concentrations of 0, 10, 15 and 20 ppm were supplemented into MS medium. In the second experiment, petunia shoots were grown on MS medium with the addition of different molecular weight of chitosan in the concentration of 15 ppm each and 100 mM NaCl. The results indicated that all of chitosan types and concentrations stimulate the plant growth in comparison to control. However, 15 ppm chitosan concentration was more effective than other concentrations used. Salinity caused a significant reduction in shoot and root length, fresh and dry mass, plant water contents, while chitosan (970 kDa) adjusted the salt toxicity. It is concluded that chitosan would be able to stimulate the growth of petunia shoots in vitro independent of their molecular weight. It was observed that the addition of chitosan of 970 kDa to MS medium under salinity conditions may alleviate the inhibitory effect of salt stress on the plant growth.

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Morphological characteristics of achenes and fertility plants of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) obtained from micropropagation growing under irrigation

Figas A., Sawilska A. K., Rolbiecki R., Tomaszewska-Sowa M.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2016

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nr IV/2

1363--1372

EN

A field experiment was carried out in two vegetation seasons in the years 2012 and 2013 on very light soil at Kruszyn Krajeński, in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz, Poland. The aim of the study was to characterize morphological achenes and determine the fertility potential and real of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) plants derived from micropropagation grown under irrigation. Low fertility real of cap plant resulted from the participation of infertile fruit-achenes it means devoid of the seeds. Due to the fact that this plant is entered on the list of invasive species, this property may be desirable during plantation establishment. As a result, the plant will not be so easy to penetrate into the ecosystem and will not pose a threat to native biodiversity.

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Effect of phosphorus on the growth and photosynthetic pigments content of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench in in vitro cultures

Figas A., Tomaszewska-Sowa M., Sawilska A., Bocian K., Figas A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2016

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nr III/1

697--704

EN

The plant material were plants of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench) collected from natural locations in October 2012. Initial explants were apical buds enfolded into two leaves. Isolated explants were chemically sterilized. Reproducted shoots were divided and put into three types of mediums: medium MS (control) containing 37 mg P·dm-3, medium MS without additive of P (0,0 mg P·dm-3), medium MS with additional amound of P (74 mg P·dm-3). The aim of research was to specify the influence of phosphorus content in medium for choosen growth parameters and accumulation of assimilatory pigments: chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids. Analysis of these compounds were done spectrophotometrically. The made research, proved, that the richest in mentioned substances were microseedlings growing on the medium with increased amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus deficiency in medium MS had a statistically essential effect on changes in growth modifications of microseedlings of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench). Additional amount of phosphorus in the medium had a statistically essential effect on increasing of chlorophyll a+b in comparison with plants growing on the medium MS with optimal phosphorus amount or without this element by accordinglly 36% and 23%. Moreover, it caused a growth of content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids by accordinglly 18%, 32%, 20% in comparison with variant, where the medium MS without phosphorus was applied.

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Aklimatyzacja mikrosadzonek truskawki z zastosowaniem doświetlania lampami LED

Treder J., Sowik I., Borkowska A., Klamkowski K., Treder W.

Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki

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2015

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Z. 268

161--170

PL

W doświadczeniu oceniano wpływ doświetlania lampami LED na rozwój mikrosadzonek truskawki podczas aklimatyzacji. Nieukorzenione mikrosadzonki odmiany „Pink Rosa” z laboratorium in vitro, oczyszczone z agaru. posadzono do multiplatów, do podłoża składającego się z wełny mineralnej chłonącej i niechłonacej (1:1). Rośliny uprawiano w kamerach wzrostowych zapewniając im wysoką wilgotność (80-90%), temperaturę 20-22°C oraz doświetlając je 16 godzin na dobę. Źródłem światła były: lampa sodowa 400 W (HPS), lampa LED – DAPLON-plus/2011 skonstruowana w Instytucie Elektrotechniki, emitująca światło w zakresach widmowych: czerwonym 68,5%, niebieskim 28,4% i bliskiej podczerwieni 3,1% (LED I) oraz lampa LED GrowBox emitująca światło czerwone i niebieskie 8:1 (LED II). Ze względu na wrażliwość mikrosadzonek początkowo rośliny cieniowano tak by natężenie napromienienia wynosiło 50 µmol m-2s-1, natomiast po 3 tygodniach zwiększono je do poziomu 100-120 µmol m-2s-1. Wszystkie rośliny nawożono identycznie płynną pożywką nawozową zawierającą makro i mikroskładniki. Wzrost i rozwój mikrosadzonek oceniono po 7 tygodniach aklimatyzacji. Zastosowane do doświetlania lampy LED wpłynęły bardzo korzystnie na wzrost mikrosadzonek truskawki. Mikrosadzonki doświetlanie lampami DAPLON-plus/2011 (LED I) miały największą świeżą masę, powierzchnię liści oraz najdłuższe korzenie. Nieznacznie słabiej rozwiniętą część nadziemną miały rośliny doświetlane drugim wariantem lamp, LED II. Rośliny doświetlane lampami LED wytworzyły więcej korzeni oraz miały grubsze szyjki korzeniowe niż doświetlanie lampami HPS.

EN

The effect of artificial lighting, using HPS and LED lamps during acclimatization of strawberry was evaluated. Unrooted strawberry plantlets ‘Pink Rosa’ obtained from in vitro laboratory were planted into growing media consisted of mineral wool granulates, water repellent and water absorbent (50:50 v/v). Plantlets were grown in growth chambers, with high humidity (80-90%), temp. 20-22°C and with artificial lighting using HPS (400 W) and LED lamps, photoperiod 16/8 h (day/night). Two types of LED lamps were used: LED I (Daplon-plus/2011 - emitted, red, blue and far red diodes at ratios 68,5%, 28,4% and 3,1%, respectively) and LED II (LED GrowBox – emitted red and blue light at ratios 8:1). Quantum irradiance was maintained at the same level in all treatments: 50 µmol m -2 s-1 during the first 3 weeks and later on 100-120 µmol m -2 s-1. All plants were fertigated twice a week using the same nutrient solution, contained macro and microelements. Plants were evaluated after 7 weeks of acclimatization. Both LED lamps used in this experiment resulted in greater weight, higher leaf area and better root development comparing to plantlets grown with HPS lamps.

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Mikrorozmnażanie roślin rożnika przerośniętego (Silphium perfoliatum L.) w kulturach in vitro

Figas A., Tomaszewska-Sowa M., Lisiak W.

Ekologia i Technika

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2010

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R. 18, nr 5

237-242

PL

Celem pracy było podjęcie próby mikrorozmnażania rożnika przerośniętego w kulturach in vitro. W doświadczeniu zbadano zdolność kilku wybranych eksplantatów (fragmenty liścieni, ogonka liściowego, wierzchołki pędu) do regeneracji. Badane eksplantaty wykładano na pożywkę MS z dodatkiem regulatorów wzrostu: NAA (kwas naftylooctowy - auksyna) i BAP (6-benzyloami-nopuryna - cytokinina) w różnych kombinacjach stężeń. Najwięcej pędów bocznych rozwijało się z eksplantatów wierzchołkowych pędu na pożywce zawierającej 5 mg l -1BAP i 1mg l-1 NAA.

EN

Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is a perennial herb belongs to Asteraceae family, and it is native only to middle and eastern part of USA and Canada. Cup plant was brought to Europe in the 18th century for its ornamental value. Nowadays, interest of this plant grows up because of its useful utilitarian traits. Cup plant may be cultivated as a medical plant, energetic plant, ornamental plant, melliferous plant and reclamation plant. At present, there is no enough seed of cup plants in Poland. The aim of present paper was in vitro micropropagation of cup plant, the regeneration ability of some explants of cup plant (cotyledon fragments, petiole fragments and shoot tips) was studied. Explants were cultured on Murashige i Skoog'a (MS) (1962) [17] medium with different concentration of NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid- auxin) and BAP (6-benzyloaminopurine - cytokinin). The lateral shoots were obtained from shoot tips explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5 mgdm-3 BAP and l mg drrr3 NAA.