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Modelowanie mikroprogramowanych układów cyfrowych w FPGA

Pawłowski M., Skorupski A., Gracki K.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

2015

Vol. 56, nr 6

26-29

W artkule przedstawiono sposób realizacji układów mikroprogramowanych w strukturach FPGA. Projekt ma na celu zbudowania narzędzia do szybkiego prototypowania złożonych układów mikroprogramowanych. Zaimplementowany układ sterujący może służyć do współpracy z różnymi układami wykonawczymi. W artykule przedstawiono opisy w języku VHDL układu sterowania oraz zaproponowanego jako układ wykonawczy prostego procesora wykonującego kilka podstawowych rozkazów. Pokazano także środowisko sprzętowe i programowe potrzebne do wykorzystania prezentowanego narzędzia, które może być użyteczne do wspomagania procesu nauczania mechanizmów mikroprogramowania w układach cyfrowych.

FPGAs can be applied to rapid prototyping of microprograming circuits. Each microprograming circuits contain two parts: control unit and execution unit. The target of this work is to build friendly tool to use by microprograming device designers. To implement this tool a VHDL environment was used. The some main parts of VHDL description was presented. Because various microprograming circuits used the same control part then we design fixed control unit easily applied to various execution units. But as execution unit we design the simple processor build with arithmetic-logical unit, register block with four registers and additional input register RQ. ALU is equipped only in 8 easy operations. Both modules control unit and execution unit was design using VHDL description. As an example we present VHDL descriptions of MAS unit and register unit. The first description is behavior description and the second one is structure description. The structure description contain all flip-flops because in such case the random access to contents of every registers is possible. In this article we has been show the hardware and software environment able to apply it to implement microprogramed device. This tool was successful tested during didactic process where students needs a short time to design quite complex microprograming device.

About Implementation of IEC 61131-3 IL Function Blocks in Standard Microcontrollers

Chmiel M., Mocha J., Hrynkiewicz E., Polok D.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

2014

Vol. 60, No. 1

42-46

The paper presents considerations on implementation of function blocks of the IL language, as fragments of control programs that use these blocks. Subsequently, the predefined function blocks of the IL language have been applied to implementation in a Central Processing Unit for a programmable controller based on standard microcontroller from such families as MCS-51, AVR and ARM with the Cortex-M3 core. The considerations refer to the IL language revision that is fully compliant with the IEC-61131-3 standards. The completed theoretical analysis demonstrated that the adopted method of the module description is really reasonable and offers substantial advantages as compared to direct calls of function modules already developed as subroutines. Also the executed experiments have proved the feasibility to arrange central units of programmable controllers on the basis of standard microcontrollers and such central units may be competitive to compact CPUs available on the market for typical PLCs.