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Rozpoznanie częściowego napromienienia ciała przy pomocy testu mikrojądrowego

Sommer Sylwester, Buraczewska Iwona, Kruszewski Marcin

Postępy Techniki Jądrowej

2019

z. 2

30--32

Dozymetria biologiczna oprócz oszacowania wysokości dawki powinna mieć możliwość rozpoznawania czy napromienione zostało całe ciało, czy tylko jego część. Bardzo dobrze sprawdza się tutaj test chromosomów dicentrycznych, jednak prowadzone są prace również z innymi testami dozymetrycznymi. Wyniki badań wskazują, że test mikrojądrowy nie pozwala jednoznacznie na rozpoznawanie częściowego napromienienia ciała.

Biological dosimetry in addition to the estimation of the absorbed dose should be able to recognize whole or partial body irradiation. The dicentric chromosome test works very well here, however, other dosimetry tests are being examined to recognize partial body irradiation. The research results indicate that the micronucleus test does not explicitly allow the recognition of such a situation.

Assessment of mutagenic activity of methyl- and phenylphenanthrenes based on Salmonella test and micronucleus test

Rudnicka K., Tejs S., Budzikur K. A., Mielżyńska-Švach D., Jakimiuk E., Chachaj A., Góra M., Żelazna K., Łuczyński M. K.

Environmental Biotechnology

2013

Vol. 9, No. 2

65--71

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely spread environmental pollutants mainly originating from anthropogenic sources such as fossil fuel combustion, industries, and others. Although a large body of literature exists on the toxicity and carcinogenicity of PAHs, primarily benzo[a]pyrene, toxicity data for phenanthrene deriveratives are very limited. The main aim of the experiment was to investigate if there exists correlation between molecular structure and mutagenic activity of four phenanthrene derivatives: 1 methylphenanthrene, 4 methylphenanthrene, 1 phenylphenanthrene, and 4 phenylphenanthrene. An Ames assay using two strains of histidine dependent Salmonella Typhimurium (TA98 and TA100) was conducted to assess the mutagenic activity of studied compounds both in the presence (+S9) and in the absence (-S9) of an exogenous source of metabolic activation. The compounds were also tested in an in vitro chromosome aberration assay in which V-79 cells were exposed to the phenanthrene derivatives investigated both in the presence and in the absence of metabolic activation. The phenylphenanthrenes showed no mutagenic effect. These compounds occasionally induced significant decrease in the number of revertants in the Ames test. The greatest mutagenic effects were observed for 1 methylphenanthrene after metabolic activation (+S9). In the micronucleus test the greatest mutagenic effect was observed for 4 methylphenanthrene also in the presence of metabolic activation system. The results obtained are comparable to those reported earlier for the methylphenanthrenes.

DNA damage in subpopulations of human lymphocytes irradiated with doses in the range of 0-1 Gy of X-radiation

Wojewódzka M., Machaj E. K., Goździk A., Iwaneńko T., Ołdak T., Kruszewski M., Pojda Z.

Nukleonika

2008

Vol. 53, No. 4

145-149

We compared three methods usually applied in biological dosimetry for estimation of radiation-induced DNA damage in human T and B lymphocytes: alkaline comet assay, micronucleus (MN) test and formation of histone gamma-H2AX foci. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were fractionated using T cells and B cells isolation kits. Cells were irradiated with doses in the range of 0-1 Gy of X-rays. Induction of DNA damage was assessed by the standard alkaline comet assay, MN test and histone gammaH2AX foci immunofluorescence assay. Notwithstanding different end-points measured by the applied methods, all tests revealed a similar induction of DNA damage in B lymphocytes as compared with T lymphocytes. The results indicated that all three tests detect DNA damage with similar sensitivity, the lowest dose being approximately 0.3 Gy. The difference between irradiated and control cells was expressed as the ratio of the value obtained for irradiated cells (1 Gy) to that for control cells. The highest ratio was obtained for formation of gammaH2AX foci and was 6.2 for T and 13.8 for B lymphocytes, whereas those for comet assay and micronucleus test were 3.5; 3.6 and 5.6; 4.8, respectively.