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The Study of Drought Stress in Sugar Beet and the Ways of its Minimization

Prysiazhniuk Oleh, Kononiuk Nadiia, Zatserkovna Natalia, Chynchyk Oleksandr, Hryhoriev Vasyl, Zhemoyda Vitalii, Ovcharuk Oleh, Zinchenko Olesia, Morhun Olesia, Svystunova Iryna

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 1

256--263

The article presents peculiarities of drought stress identification in sugar beet and the alternatives for the use of additional components of cultivation technology aimed at increasing tolerance to water deficiency at the early stages of growth and development, namely: (i) soil amendment with moisture-retaining polymers; (ii) seed treatment with a growth regulator contributing to a better formation of the root system; and (iii) foliar application of micro fertilizers. The study of the state of the plant photosynthetic apparatus was carried out with the use of the devices for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence FLORATEST, developed at the Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The measurements were performed according to the guidelines on Determination of the Fluorescence Induction of plant Chlorophyll: Theoretical and Practical Bases of the Method. For better representativeness of the sampling, the measurements were performed at the same time of day and with the same intensity of illumination of the plants. As a result of the studies, the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) of the plant photosystem obtained with the use of a portable fluorometer was found to be the most effective method of rapid diagnostics of drought stress in plants. A high level of correlation was found between the concentration of free proline and the Fv/Fm ratio, with the correlation coefficient for sugar beet r = -0.96, which corresponds to a very strong relationship.

Productivity of the Green Mass of New Alfalfa Cultivars Depending on the Effect of Macro- and Microfertilizers on Various Phosphorous Backgrounds

Toktarbekova Saltanat Toktarbek Kyzy, Meiirman Galiolla Tolendinovich, Yerzhanova Sakysh Tanyrbergenovna, Abayev Serik Sarbayevich, Umbetov Aman Kozhakhmetovich

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 2

57--62

The effect of phosphorus fertilizer on the yield of new alfalfa cultivars Kokorai, Osimtal, and Kokbalausa has been identified after the introduction of P0, P150, and P200 (active substance) with nitrogen N60, potassium K70, microelements (cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo)) on the three noted phosphorus backgrounds. Increasing the dosages of phosphorus increases the yield of the green mass of the three cultivars on various backgrounds without the introduction of any other types of fertilizers on average by 126.6% with P150, and by 35.9% with P200. The introduction of nitrogen N60 on all phosphorus backgrounds increased productivity by 112–117%, the introduction of potassium K70 – by 102–110%, the introduction of cobalt Co – by 113–122%, and the introduction of molybdenum Mo – by 115–126%. The highest productivity was observed in the Kokbalausa cultivar, the level of its green mass yield was 77.7 t/ha after the introduction of P200, 89.8 t/ha – after the introduction of P200N60, 82.9 t/ha – after the introduction of P200K70, 88.9 t/ha – after the introduction of P200Co, and – 89.5 t/ha after the introduction of P200Mo. Generally, the difference between the cultivars’ response to the fertilizer is weak, they all equally respond to the fertilizer.