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1

Degree of complexation of microelement ions by biodegradable IDHA chelator in water and simulated fertilization environment

Klem-Marciniak Ewelina, Biegun Marcin, Hoffmann Krystyna, Hoffmann Józef

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2023

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Vol. 25, nr 4

61--66

EN

The degree of complexation of microelement ions by the biodegradable chelating agent - IDHA was examined in the work. The tests were carried out in water and in a simulated fertilizer environment. In order to compare the obtained results, tests were also carried out for the commonly used EDTA. The performed analyzes allow to determine the influence of the presence of compounds containing macroelements on the degree of binding of microelement ions by the biodegradable IDHA and EDTA chelators. The obtained results make it possible to determine the optimal conditions for the chelation of cations by IDHA, which in the future may be used in the production of micronutrient fertilizers on a large scale.

2

The Impact of Electric Current for Sewage Sludge Characteristics from Anaerobic Sequencing Bio-Electrochemical Treatment of Sewage Generated During Soilless Tomato Cultivation

Bryszewski Kamil Łukasz, Rodziewicz Joanna, Mielcarek Artur, Janczukowicz Wojciech, Kłobukowska Karolina, Nowosad Joanna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 11

294--302

EN

The aim of the present study was to determine: the impact of electric current density on the quantity and quality of sewage sludge produced in anaerobic sequencing bio-electrochemical reactor (AnSBBER) with an iron electrode during the treatment of drainage from soilless cultivation of tomatoes. Direct electric current (DC) effect was determined at its following densities (J): 0.63 A/m2 (R1), 1.25 A/m2 (R2), 2.5 A/m2 (R3), and 5 A/m2 (R4). Sodium acetate in (C:N) ratio of 1.0 was supplied to the reactors to ensure the proper biofilm development. Contents of elements (K, P, S, Na, Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Mg, C, N and Ca) in the biofilm were determined. Additionally, the content of total suspended solids and the percentage share of volatile suspensions (VSS) in the sludge were determined. The study showed that the organic matter content in the sludge corresponded to the values typical of the stabilized sludge (up to 28.8% d.m. in R2).The increase in electric current density caused an increase in the concentration of phosphorus in the formed sludge (from 6.34 to 8.00% d.m. in 0.63 and 5.00 A/m2, respectively). The analyzed sludge, compared to municipal sludge from wastewater treatment plants with biological reactors and activated sludge chambers, is richer in such elements as phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and iron.

3

Chemometric tools in the investigation of the mineral composition of food products derived from seaweed

Reczyński Witold, Musiał Joanna, Wójcik Szymon, Jakubowska Małgorzata

Analit

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2022

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Nr 11

2--18

EN

The work presents a new chemometric-assisted approach to distinguish commercially available food products based on their chemical composition. The analysed material consisted of 15 seaweeds (red Rhodophyta and brown Phaeophyta macroalgae) of various origin. The concentrations of the main nutrients (K, Na, Ca, and Mg) and essential trace elements (Fe, Mn, and Zn) were determined using flame atomic emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectrometry. The highest concentrations of nutrients were found in the products of brown algae (for example: the highest concentration of Ca was determined in the Kombu algae product - 13.92 mg/g dr.wt.; Mg - in Wakame - 9.85 mg / g dr.wt.) compared to the products of red algae (the lowest concentrations of Ca and Mg were found in Dulce algae - 1.87 mg / g dr.wt. and 2.83 mg / g dr.wt., respectively). Chemometric tools, i.e. principal components analysis and cluster analysis combined with heat maps allowed to distinguish samples clearly by species, red algae (Nori, Dulse, Irish moss) from brown ones (Wakame, Kombu). However, neither the place of harvest (country of origin) nor the food processing has allowed the separation of the food samples into individual groups. It was proven that the nutritional properties of food derived from naturally grown sea algae depend on the characteristic of the species, rather than on the place of harvest. Furthermore, the method of food processing changes its mineral composition to a very limited degree.

4

Essential and non-mutagenic elements in raw ewe milk

Toman Robert, Pšenková Martina, Imrich Ivan, Hluchý Svätoslav, Almášiová Simona

Science, Technology and Innovation

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2021

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Vol. 14, no. 3-4

34--44

EN

The monitoring of metals and other chemical elements in the basic sources of diet, mainly for children, is very important for preventing health issues. The aim of this work was to determine the concentration of selected essential (Ca, K, Mg, Mo, Na, Zn) and non-mutagenic elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Li, Sb, Sr) in ewe milk from the Orava region in northern Slovakia. Twenty milk samples were analysed in June and August using an inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The differences in elements concentration between the seasonal periods were not significant (p < 0.05), except for lithium (p < 0.05). The essential elements concentration was within the recommended levels, while the non-mutagenic and potentially toxic metals consist was under the permissible limits. However, there were found very strong and significant relationships between the elements which may suggest the synergistic / additive or antagonistic effects of some elements.

5

Mikroelementy w produkcji roślinnej oraz środowisku rolniczym : perspektywa rolnicza, chemiczna oraz rynkowa

Piwowar Arkadiusz

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2021

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T. 100, nr 1

53--56

PL

Mikroelementy to istotny czynnik wzrostu ilości i jakości plonu roślin uprawnych. Z uwagi na relatywnie niską zasobność gleb w mikroelementy oraz coraz wyższe potrzeby pokarmowe roślin w tym względzie, konieczne w gospodarce rolnej jest stosowanie nawozów zawierających pierwiastki śladowe. Głównym celem pracy była identyfikacja potencjału mikroelementów w produkcji roślinnej. Przedstawiono wyniki badań na pograniczu nauk przyrodniczych, chemii i biochemii. Uwzględniono także wymiar rynkowy. Wyzwaniem w badanej tematyce dla przemysłu chemicznego jest nie tylko rozwój produktów (nowe czynniki chelatujące, wzrost koncentracji składników), ale i edukacja rolników w badanym zakresie.

EN

A review with 36 refs.

6

Wpływ składników mineralnych, rozpuszczonych w wodzie pitnej, na organizm człowieka

Adamczyk-Lorenc Anna, Derkowska-Sitarz Monika

LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania

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2021

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R. 26, nr 1

32--36

7

Badanie składu mineralnego wybranych gatunków pszenicy

Rachoń Leszek, Bobryk-Mamczarz Aneta, Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz Anna

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2019

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T. 98, nr 12

1888--1890

PL

W czterech genotypach pszenicy jarej (Triticum durum, Triticum aestivum L. ssp. vulgare, Triticum aestivum L., ssp. spelta, Triticum dicoccum Desf.) uprawianej w latach 2015-2017 na Lubelszczyźnie oznaczono zawartość mikro (Zn, Fe) i makroelementów (P, K, Mg, Ca). Najwyższą zawartość korzystnych dla człowieka minerałów stwierdzono w pszenicy Triticum dicoccum. Zawartość metali ciężkich (Pb, As, Hg) była poniżej granicy wykrywalności (0,01 mg/kg). Odnotowano jedynie obecność kadmu w ilości 0,05–0,08 mg/kg, nie przekraczającej dopuszczalnego limitu (0,20 mg/kg).

EN

Contents of micro (Zn, Fe) and macroelements (P, K, Mg, Ca) in 4 genotypes of spring wheat (Triticum durum, Triticum aestivum L. ssp. vulgare, Triticum aestivum L. ssp. spelta and Triticum dicoccum Desf.) cultivated in 2015– 2017 in the Lublin region (Poland) was detd. The highest content of the for humans beneficial minerals was found in Triticum dicoccum wheat. The content of heavy metals (Pb, As, Hg) was below the detection limit (0.01 mg/kg). The content of Cd (0.05–0.08 mg/kg) did not exceed the permissible values.

8

Charakterystyka chemiczna piasków obszaru Pustyni Błędowskiej

Bork Magdalena, Krawczyk Paweł, Lemiecha Grzegorz, Matyjasik Katarzyna

Analit

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2019

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Nr 8

18--27

PL

Oznaczono zawartość pięciu wybranych pierwiastków (Na, K, Mg, Zn, Mn) w próbkach gleby z Pustyni Błędowskiej, pobranych z czterech obszarów o odmiennym stopniu zagęszczenia i różnorodności roślinności. Próbki gleby poddano dwóm pierwszym etapom sekwencyjnej ekstrakcji według Tessiera. Otrzymane ekstrakty analizowano z wykorzystaniem Atomowej Spektrometrii Absorbcyjnej ASA oraz Emisyjnej ASE. Dla potasu i magnezu stwierdzono spadek ich zawartości w glebie wraz ze wzrostem zagęszczenia roślinności, jednak dla pozostałych z rozpatrywanych mikro- i makroelementów roślinnych nie potwierdzono żadnych zależności. Wskazuje to na niskie zdolności akumulacyjne i łatwe wymywanie zaadsorbowanych jonów z piasków pustyni. Ogólnie stwierdzono niższe zawartości rozpatrywanych pierwiastków niż średnie wartości w polskich glebach: ok. 7 ppm dla Mg i Mn, 9 ppm dla Zn oraz 25 ppm dla K i 27 ppm dla Na.

EN

Five chosen elements (Na, K, Mg, Zn, Mn) concentrations were determined in samples of sandy soil from Błędów Desert. These specimens were taken from four areas with differential flora densification and diversity. Soil samples were subjected to first two parts of sequence extraction (according to Tessier theory) and then determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. Decrease of concentration with increasing flora density has been determined for potassium and magnesium. However, for other investigated elements no relation can be stated, which can be caused by weak accumulation abilities and easy elution of adsorbed ions. Generally, lower concentrations of examined elements than mean values in polish soils were reported: ca. 7 ppm for Mg and Mn, 9 ppm for Zn, 25 ppm for K and 27 ppm for Na.

9

Wstępny monitoring makro- i mikroskładników w osadach dennych rzeki Gowienicy

Ligocka K., Burczyk P.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 6

114--120

PL

Do badań wytypowano położoną w zlewni typowo rolniczej, rzekę Gowienicę Miedwiańską. Badania prowadzono w latach 2014 – 2015. Próbki osadów dennych z badanej rzeki pobierano z warstwy 0-30 cm. W pobranych próbkach oznaczono zawartość całkowitą pierwiastków tj.: Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn. Celem podjętych badań był wstępny monitoring rozprzestrzeniania się makro- i mikroskładników w osadach dennych rzeki Gowienicy wzdłuż jej biegu. Wykonane analizy w próbkach osadów dennych pozwoliły zaobserwować, że najwyższe stężenia analizowanych pierwiastków, zarówno w 2014 i 2015 roku wystąpiły w końcowym odcinku badanej rzeki (P-5 i 6) za wyjątkiem stężeń cynku, gdzie najwyższe stężenie wystąpiło w początkowym jej odcinku w punkcie nr 2. Podwyższone stężenia spowodowane mogą być spowolnieniem biegu rzeki. Najwyższe istotnie statystycznie dodatnią korelacje dla osadów rzeki Gowienicy wykazano pomiędzy magnezem i sodem w 2014 i 2015 roku. Również analiza wykazała istotnie statystyczną korelacje dla wapnia i miedzi (w 2014 i 2015 roku) oraz dla wapnia i manganu w 2014 i 2015 roku.

EN

Gowienica Miedwiańska river, located in a typical agricultural catchment, was selected for the research. They were carried out in 2014-2015. Samples of bottom sediments from the river were collected from the 0-30 cm layer. In the samples taken, the total content of the elements was determined: Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn. The aim of the research was to initially monitor the spread of macro- and microelements in bottom sediments of the Gowienica River along its course. The analyzes performed in the bottom sediment samples allowed to observe that the highest concentrations of the analyzed elements in both 2014 and 2015 occurred in the final section of the studied river (P-5 and 6) with the exception of zinc concentrations, where the highest concentration occurred in the initial section in point no. 2. Increased concentrations may be caused by a slowing down of the river water speed. The highest statistically significant positive correlations for the deposits of the Gowienica River appeared between magnesium and sodium in 2014 and 2015. The analysis also showed statistically significant correlations for calcium and copper (in 2014 and 2015) and for calcium and manganese in 2014 and 2015.

10

Characteristics of the macro - and microelements in benthic sediments of selected mid-field ponds

Brysiewicz A., Ligocka K.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2018

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nr IV/1

939--950

EN

The agricultural landscape of Western Pomerania is characterised by frequent occurrence of small, post-glacial water ponds commonly called mid-field ponds. They serve numerous important functions, both with regard to agriculture and ecology. Due to their specific location in the agricultural landscape, they are exposed to permanent and strong anthropic pressure, which often translates into pollution of surface water and benthic sediments with macro-and microelements. This study attempts to assess and determine the level of macro – and microelements in benthic sediments, depending on the type of agricultural production, on the example of selected mid-field ponds. The assessed benthic sediments of both ponds were characterised by varied macro - and microelement levels, depending on the collection site and the depth of their deposition. Based on the performed chemical analyses it was found that both observation points in the pond Żelisławiec were characterised by the highest concentrations occurring in the top layer (0-5 cm), which is related to the fact that there are areas of agriculture in the pond basin with the use of mineral and organic fertilisation and occurrence of higher water erosion. And the other assessed mid-field pond (Stare Czarnowo) showed the highest concentration of microelements in the middle layer, 5-15 cm. Statistical analyses revealed that statistically significant differences were observed only for potassium levels, depending on the type of agricultural production in the basin of both assessed ponds. This may result from various types of agricultural crops (Brassica napus L. var. napus and ×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus) and intense fertilization of arable land in Stare Czarnowo. Statistically significant differences in particular layers of sediment confirm that depending on the type of agricultural activity, mid-field ponds are supplied with various mineral matter at different times, resulting in its accumulation in benthic sediments.

11

Alleviation effect of selenium on manganese stress of plants

Kleiber T., Krzesiński W., Przygocka-Cyna K., Spiżewski T.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2018

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Vol. 25, nr 1

143--152

EN

Mn, as Fe, Zn, Cu and Ni is a heavy metal and also a necessary element all the living organisms. Excessive Mn nutrition causes a strong oxidative stress. The aim of the studies was to determination the effect of Se treatment (as sodium selenite Na2O4Se3) to alleviate the Mn stress of plants. Because of its sensitivity to oxidative stress induced by excessive concentrations of Mn a model plant was lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Sunny’). The studies were conducted in a controlled environment growth room in stable climate conditions: 16 h photoperiod; temperature light/dark 18.0 ±0.5°C/16.0 ±0.5°C; relative humidity 70-80%; quantum flux density 195-205 μmol m−2 s−1. Plants were grown hydroponically in nutrient solution characterized by excessive Mn content (19.2 mg dm−3) and different contents of Se (control; 0.77, 1.05, 1.33 mg dm−3). In all the combination were also tested different foliar sprays (distilled water and a 0.005% Se solution). Plants grown under conditions described above take up and transported Se from nutrient solutions into their leaves with a significant reduction of Mn concentration and changes in the plant nutrient status. With the increase in the concentrations of Se clearly narrowed quantitative relations in the leaves between this element and micro-metallic. Increasing Se levels in nutrient solution has a positive influence on the growth of plants, but Se foliar treatment generally decreases plant yield. The study shown that Se application may lead to alleviation of Mn stress of plants, with simultaneous reduce in Mn concentration in leaves - which may be of practical importance also in the cultivation of more economically important species.

12

Yielding and Content of Selected Microelements in Maize Fertilized With Various Organic Materials

Wieczorek J., Gambuś F., Czech T., Antonkiewicz J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 4

219--223

EN

The paper aimed at comparing the yield and concentrations of zinc, copper and nickel in maize cultivated in soil fertilized with two different sewage sludge with yielding of maize fertilized with manure and solely with mineral fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in plastic pots, of which each contained 8.5 kg of air-dried soil with granulometric composition of light sandy loam and neutral pH. Sewage sludge used for the experiment originated from two municipal sewage sludge treatment plants in Krzeszowice (sludge I) and Niepołomice (sludge II), while manure from a private farm in Czernichów district. The test plant was maize (Zea mays) cultivated for 74 days and then harvested for green forage. On the basis of conducted research it was found that various fertilizer combinations applied in the experiment had a significant influence on the test plant yielding. All compared fertilizer variants allowed maize to produce statistically significantly higher yield in comparison with the yield harvested from the unfertilized soils. Fertilization with sewage sludge I supplemented with mineral treatment and application of solely mineral salts proved the most beneficial for the maize yield. Applied fertilizer combinations affected the content of microelements. The highest concentrations of nickel in maize green mass were assessed in plant samples from the unfertilized object, whereas zinc and copper from mineral fertilization variant. Except of zinc, introducing additional metal doses did not influence their increased content in plant organs. Soil enrichment with zinc contained in sewage sludge I and II (respectively 77.4 mg and 49.9 mg ∙ pot-1) contributed to its elevated concentration in maize roots but at the same time this metal content statistically significantly decreased in maize shoots in comparison with the amounts determined in plants fertilized with mineral materials.

13

Variations in nutrient concentrations of triticale and barley at different growth stages

Akgün İ., Altındal D.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2017

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nr III/1

1061--1073

EN

The objective of this research was to examine the concentrations of crude protein, P, K, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn of 5 triticale genotypes and 2 barley cultivars (two-row) at different growth stages. The experiments were carried out at Süleyman Demirel University farm in Isparta during the growing season of 2012-2013. Three hexaploid triticale lines (SDÜ- 21, SDÜ-27, SDÜ-43) and 2 cultivars (Karma-2000 and Tatlıcak-97), and two-row barley cultivars (Hamidiye and Cumhuriyet) were used in the experiment. The experimental design was a randomized split block design with three replication. The genotypes were used as main plots and growth stage were used as sub-plots. The basic pre-sowing fertilization rates for all plots were 30 kg N·ha-1 and 50 kg P·ha-1, the rest of 30 kg N·ha-1 was applied at the early spring (stem-elongation stage). Plants were harvested at four stages, stem elongation, milk development, dough development and mature stage. Samples taken from each plot were dried to constant weight at 65°C in oven. After cooling, the samples were milled for crude protein and mineral element analyses. According to the results of variance analysis, the nutrient concentrations of triticale and barley genotypes showed variations depending on the genotypes and different growth stages. The crude protein content of barley cultivars were higher than triticale genotypes. The concentration of K, Fe, Mn and Zn in whole plants decreased from stem elongation to maturity, while Mg and P contents increased. Crude protein rate (18.59%) at dough development stage was higher than other growth stages. The nitrogen use efficiency of SDÜ-27 line, which can be used for cultivar registration, was higher than control cultivar (Karma - 2000; Tatlıcak-1997).

14

The Influence of effective microorganisms application on the chemical composition in lettuce grown under cover

Górski R., Kleiber T., Sobieralski K.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2017

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Vol. 24, nr 1

113--121

EN

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the content of nutrients in the leaves of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Sunny’) grown under cover in the spring-summer season and in autumn. The influence of the following methods of EM application was assessed: root treatment, leaf treatment and seed inoculation. When EM was applied into the roots, plants were irrigated with a 1% solution of the EM-A preparation or with EM-5 (250 cm3 of the liquid per plant), depending on the combination. The same preparations concentrated at 1% were sprayed on the leaves. Seeds were inoculated immediately before being sown (they were soaked for 30 minutes in a 10% solution of the EM-A preparation). During the growing season the plants were sprayed or irrigated four times at three-day intervals. Effective Microorganisms was not used in the control combination. The research proved the influence of EM on the content of nutrients in lettuce leaves. When the plants were irrigated and sprayed with EM-5, they had higher content of nitrogen. They were significantly better nourished with phosphorus, when the seeds were inoculated with EM-A, when the plants were sprayed with EM-5 at both terms of cultivation and when the plants were irrigated with EM-A in autumn. In comparison with the control combination the application of EM preparations significantly increased the content of potassium in the lettuce leaves. Simultaneously, the content of potassium generally tended to increase significantly when the plants were irrigated with both preparations and sprayed with EM-5 in the spring-summer season. The highest content of magnesium was noted when the plants were irrigated with EM. The inoculation of seeds resulted in the lowest content of this element. The tendencies were similar at both terms of cultivation. As far as the content of micrślements is concerned, the application of EM at both terms of cultivation resulted in a significant increasing tendency in the content of iron and zinc in the lettuce leaves. The volume of increase depended on the method of application of the preparations.

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena wpływu zastosowania Efektywnych Mikroorganizmów (EM) na zawartość składników pokarmowych w liściach sałaty (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Sunny’) uprawianej pod osłonami, w okresie wiosenno-letnim i jesiennym. Określono wpływ następujących form aplikowania EM: dokorzeniową, dolistną oraz poprzez zaprawianie nasion. Przy stosowaniu EM dokorzeniowo, rośliny podlewano w zależności od kombinacji 1% roztworem preparatu EM-A lub EM- 5 (250 ml cieczy na 1 roślinę). Do opryskiwania dolistnego wykorzystano wyżej wymienione środki, w stężeniu 1%. Zaprawianie nasion przeprowadzano bezpośrednio przed wysiewem (moczenie przez 30 minut w 10% roztworze preparatu EM-A). W okresie wegetacji przeprowadzono 4-krotnie zabiegi opryskiwania lub podlewania roślin, w odstępach 3 dniowych. W kombinacji kontrolnej nie stosowano Efektywnych Mikroorganizmów. W przeprowadzonych badaniach wykazano wpływ zastosowania EM na zawartość składników pokarmowych w liściach sałaty. Stwierdzono poprawę odżywienia roślin azotem po stosowaniu preparatu EM-5 poprzez podlewanie i opryskiwanie roślin. Jednocześnie wykazano istotną poprawę odżywienia roślin fosforem przy zaprawianiu nasion preparatem EM-A oraz opryskiwaniu roślin środkiem EM-5, w obu terminach uprawy i dodatkowo przy podlewaniu roślin (EM-A) w cyklu jesiennym. Zastosowanie preparatów EM wpływało istotnie na zwiększenie zawartości potasu w liściach sałaty (w relacji do kontroli), przy równoczesnej generalnej tendencji wzrostowej zawartości wapnia (istotnej dla podlewania obydwoma preparatami oraz opryskiwania środkiem EM-5 w terminie wiosenno-letnim). Największą zawartość magnezu oznaczono w przypadku podlewania roślin EM, a najmniejszą dla zaprawiania nasion (tendencje w obydwóch terminach uprawy były zbliżone). W przypadku mikroskładników w obu cyklach uprawowych po zastosowaniu EM zaobserwowano istotną tendencję wzrostową zawartości żelaza oraz cynku w liściach sałaty, a poziom wzrostu był zróżnicowany w zależności od sposobu aplikowania preparatów.

15

Zastosowanie hydroponiki stagnującej w uprawie sałaty masłowej (Lactuca sativa L.) przy zróżnicowanym żywieniu borem

Markiewicz B.

Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna

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2017

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T. 22, nr 1

37--44

PL

Doświadczenie wegetacyjne przeprowadzono w latach 2013-2014 w szklarni nieogrzewanej Stacji Doświadczalnej Katedr Wydziału Ogrodnictwa i Architektury Krajobrazu Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu. Celem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie wpływu wzrastających poziomów boru w pożywce stosowanej do fertygacji na plonowanie oraz zawartość składników pokarmowych w liściach sałaty masłowej (Lactuca sativa L.). Rośliny uprawiano w hydroponice stagnującej. W doświadczeniu stosowano pożywki o zróżnicowanej zawartości boru (mg · dm-3): kontrola 0,011; 0,40; 0,80; 1,60. Wykazano istotny wpływ zawartości boru w pożywce na średni plon główek sałaty, indeks SPAD oraz zawartość azotu, fosforu żelaza, manganu, miedzi i boru w główkach sałaty. Potwierdzono możliwość uprawy sałaty masłowej w hydroponice stagnującej.

EN

Experiment was conducted in the years 2013-2014 in an unheated greenhouse Experimental Station of the Departments of the Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Poznan. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of increasing levels of boron in the liquid feed used for fertigation on yield and nutrient content in leaves of butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Plants were grown in hydroponice stagnant. In the experiment liquid feed with different boron content: (mg · dm-3): control 0.011; 0.40; 0.80; 1.60 was used. It was found a significant influence of boron fertigation on the average mass produced heads of lettuce, SPAD index and content of nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper and boron in leaves. It has been confirmed the possibility of cultivation of butterhead lettuce in hydroponics.

16

Zawartość miedzi i cynku w surowcu i produktach ziemniaczanych różnego pochodzenia

Dobrzański Z., Wiliczkiewicz A., Barej R., Różański H., Górecki H., Opaliński S.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2016

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T. 95, nr 4

847--850

PL

Wykonano analizy zawartości miedzi i cynku w surowcu ziemniaczanym: nieobieranych, obieranych i gotowanych ziemniakach pochodzenia krajowego (z terenów przemysłowych, podmiejskich i rolniczych) oraz pochodzących z rejonu Morza Śródziemnego. Zawartość Cu i Zn była większa w surowcu krajowym niż zagranicznym. Proces obierania wpływał na obniżenie zawartości tych pierwiastków o 11–13%, a proces gotowania o 18–20%. Zróżnicowane było stężenie Cu i Zn w przetworach (skrobia ziemniaczana, frytki, chipsy, prażynki).

EN

Samples of potatoes from 6 various regions from Poland and 6 Mediterranean regions were studied for Cu and Zn content as received and after peeling and cooking. Some com. Domestic products of their processing (pommes frites, chips with onion or paprika, potato flour) were also studied. The domestic raw potatoes showed higher Cu and Zn contents than the foreign ones. The peeling and cooking potatoes resulted in substantial decrease of the contents. The Zn/Cu ratio was 2.30–2.54 in the raw potatoes but only 1.31 in the potato flour.

17

Pierwiastki śladowe w wybranych wodach mineralnych dostępnych w handlu

Piech A. P., Baszak A.

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

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2016

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z. 63, nr 4

419--432

PL

Butelkowane wody mineralne stanowią istotne źródło zaspokajania zapotrzebowania na wodę w codziennej diecie człowieka. Ze względu na łatwość przyswajania przez organizm składników mineralnych zawartych w wodach mineralnych konieczne jest świadome wybieranie produktu o składzie dostosowanym do indywidualnych potrzeb. Oprócz makroskładników, których charakterystyka ilościowa zawsze widnieje na etykietach, wody mineralne zawierają również mikroelementy. Celem pracy była analiza koncentracji pierwiastków śladowych w 22 butelkowanych wodach mineralnych dostępnych w handlu na terenie Rzeszowa. Artykuł zawiera główne zagadnienia dotyczące znaczenia wody dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania organizmu oraz wpływu mikroelementów na zdrowie człowieka. W badaniach zastosowano metodę całkowitego odbicia promieniowania rentgenowskiego TXRF. Analizy wykazały obecność 18 pierwiastków śladowych w badanych wodach: Al, As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ge, I, Mn, Ni, P, Rb, Se, Sr, Ti, Zn. Najwyższe stężenia mikroskładników w przeważającej większości występują w wodach leczniczych. Żadna z badanych wód mogąca służyć jako stałe źródło płynów w diecie (wody nisko-, średnio- i wysokozmineralizowane) nie zawiera mikroskładników w ilości, która pozwalałaby na fizjologiczno-odżywcze oddziaływanie na organizm. Dodatkowo wykazano, że pomiędzy stężeniem bromu i germanu istnieje silna korelacja dodatnia (R2 = 0,993).

EN

Bottled mineral waters areimportant source of recommended daily amount for water. Due to the facility in assimilation elements in water by human organism, it is essential to choice consciously product with individual composition. Amount of the main elements in mineral water are always visible on the label, but there are also trace amounts of microelements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the trace elements in 22 mineral waters commercially available in Rzeszow. The paper presents the main issues of water influence on functioning of the human body and microelements influence on human health. The method which was applied in study is total reflection X-Ray Fluorencences TXRF. The results of the study were that there is 18 microelements in bottled water: : Al, As, Ba, Br, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ge, I, Mn, Ni, P, Rb, Se, Sr, Ti, Zn. Zinic, strontium and iron occurred in all waters used in study. In the therapeutic water the contest of 14 microelements were the highest. Lowly-mineralized, medium-mineralized and highly-mineralized waters do not containmicroelements inan amountwhich would allow forthe physiological andnutritionaleffects on theorganism. Additionally it has been proved that there is a strong positive correlation between the concentration of bromine and germanium (R2= 0,993).

18

Superabsorbenty hydrożelowe jako nośniki mikroelementów

Skiba A., Kołodyńska D., Tyliszczak B., Pielichowski K., Hubicki Z.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2015

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T. 94, nr 5

797-801

PL

Przedstawiono możliwość zastosowania hydrożeli Luquasorb 1160 oraz Luquasorb 1280 jako materiałów wyjściowych do otrzymywania nawozów mineralnych o kontrolowanym działaniu na bazie biodegradowalnego czynnika kompleksującego. Sorpcję kompleksów Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II) i Fe(III) z kwasem iminodibursztynowym prowadzono metodą statyczną na wymienionych superabsorbentach polimerowych. Określono wpływ stężenia, czasu kontaktu faz, pH oraz obecności jonów azotanowych(V) i siarczanowych(VI) na pojemność sorpcyjną. Wyznaczono parametry kinetyczne i sorpcyjne.

EN

Two com. hydrogels were used as sorbents of Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III) ions from their aq. solns. in the presence of Na N-(1,2-dicarboxyethylene)-D,L-aspartate under static conditions to det. kinetic and adsorption parameters of the sorption at changing pH and concn. of metals. The hydrogels can be applied in modern agriculture.

19

The effects of foliar nutrition with InCa fertilizer on the chemical composition of leaves and fruits of sweet cherry

Mikiciuk G., Mikiciuk M., Możdżer E., Statkiewicz M., Chylewska U.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 2

116--119

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the foliar fertilizer InCa on the chemical composition of fruits and leaves of sweet cherry cultivar ‘Burlat’. The study involved 14-year old sweet cherry trees of ‘Burlat’ cultivar, grafted onto ‘PHL-A’ rootstock and growing at 4×3 m spacing. The trees were sprayed with InCa calcium fertilizer based on CaT technology (manufacturer: Plant Impact). The fertilizer was applied three times, at a dose of 1.5 dm3ha. The first foliar fertilization was performed at the beginning of the flowering period, and the next two took place at fourteen-day intervals. The fruits were analysed for nitrate content, and both fruits and leaves were considered for dry weight and macro- and micronutrient analysis. The use of InCa fertilizer improved the dry matter and calcium content and reduced potassium, magnesium and cadmium level in the leaves and fruits of sweet cherry. The fertilizer facilitated narrowing K:Ca and K:(Ca + Mg) ratioes and extending of K:Mg, and especially Ca:Mg ratio in both leaves and fruits. Foliar supplementation with the investigated preparation resulted in an increase in nitrogen and manganese content, and a drop in phosphorus, copper, nickel and lead concentration in the leaves of the studied sweet cherry cultivar.

20

Effect of Compost from By-Product of the Fishing Industry on Crop Yield and Microelement Content in Maize

Radziemska M., Mazur Z

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 4

168--175

EN

A pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of compost from fish waste with mineral and manure fertilization on the yield and chemical composition of the overground parts of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment comprised two series: I – composts at a dose of 1 g of compost per pot, and II – composts with 0.5 g of urea. The treatments were conducted on the following types of composts: compost 1: fish waste (80% d.m.), sawdust (20% d.m.); compost 2: fish waste (80% d.m.), straw (20% d.m.); compost 3: fish waste (80% d.m.), bark (20% d.m.); compost 4: fish waste (79.3% d.m.), sawdust (19.7% d.m.), lignite (1% d.m.); compost 5: fish waste (79.3% d.m.), straw (19.7% d.m.); lignite (1% d.m.); compost 6: fish waste (79.3% d.m.), bark (19.7% d.m), lignite (1% d.m). The contents of Ni, Zn, Cr, Cu and Cd were deter-mined in an air-acetylene flame using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The average crop yield of the overground parts of maize in the series without additional mineral fertilization and with mineral N-fertilization was higher compared to objects without mineral N-fertilization. The highest crop yield was noted in the case of compost containing fish waste and straw with addition of lignite and with bark and lignite. The addition of lignite to the compost mass in the series with mineral N fertilization had stronger influence on the content of cadmium, chromium, nickel and zinc in the overground parts of maize.