This study aims to demonstrate the applicability of three dimensional-carbon-nanotubes (3D-CNT) micro-electrode array for electrocardiogram (ECG) study on the premier vertebrate model zebrafish. The small-feature size and vectorial array of 3D-CNT micro-electrodes were designed to detect ECG signals with high spatial resolution. With 30 μm–85 μm spacing between electrodes, it enables to detect the directionality of the ECG signals, the change of the characteristic ECG wave-forms at different locations of an adult zebrafish heart. Besides, the preliminary drug response tests using 3D-CNT micro-electrode were also carried out, which validated the capability of real-time observation on drug-induced ECG signal changes. The 3D-CNT micro-electrode array is thus feasible for ECG research and cardiac drug screenings, and holds high potential for studying bioelectric signals of other living organ-isms in the future.
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Recently we have witnessed research efforts into developing real-time hybrid systems implementing interactions between computational models and live tissues, in an attempt to learn more about the functioning of biological neural networks. A fundamental role in the development of such systems is played by Multi-Electrode Array (MEA). In vitro cultures of neurons on MEAs, however, have some drawbacks such as: needing a rigorous adherence to sterile techniques, careful choice and replenishment of media and maintenance of pH, temperature, and osmolarity. An alternative way to study and investigate live tissues which partially circumvent some of the problems with in vitro cultures is by simulating them. This paper describes the proposal of Sim-MEA, a system for modeling and simulating neuron's communications in a MEA-based in vitro culture. Sim-MEA implements a modified Izhikevich model that takes into account both: distances between neurons and distances between microelectrodes and neurons. The system also provides ways of simulating microelectrodes and their recorded signals as well as recovering experimental MEA culture data, from their images. The soundness of the Sim-MEA simulation procedure was empirically evaluated using data from an experimental in vitro cultured hippocampal neurons of Wistar rat embryos. Results from simulations, compared to those of the in vitro experiment, are presented and discussed. The paper also describes a few experiments (varying several parameter values) to illustrate and detail the approach.
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Two types of systems: microelectrode array based analytical system for voltammetric monitoring of trace metals in natural waters and interdigitated electrodes system for electrochemiluminescence based analysis of codeine in pharmaceutical samples and for detection of ruthenium (II) complex label is described in the paper. The thin-film technology was used for microfabrication of an array of 100 interconnected Ir microdisc electrodes on Si/ShN4 substrate. The electrochemiluminescence system combines electrodes, a flowthrough cell and a photodetector on the same silicon chip.
PL
W artykule opisano dwa rodzaje systemów: system analityczny zawierający matrycę mikroelektrod do woltamperometrycznego monitorowania śladowych metali w wodach naturalnych oraz układ zawierający międzypalczaste elektrody do elektrochemiluminescencyjnej analizy zawartości kodeiny w próbkach farmaceutycznych i detekcji znaczników zawierających kompleksy rutenu (II). Zastosowano technologię cienkowarstwową do nanoszenia na podłoże Si/Si3N4, matrycy, zawierającej 100 mikrodyskowych elektrod. Układ elektrochemiluminescencyjny składał się z elektrod, celki przepływowej i fotodetektorów, wykonanych na jednej płytce półprzewodnikowej.
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