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Study of the Conditions for Accelerating the Composting Process when Adding Microbial Communities

Sokolova Valeriia, Krusir Galina, Sagdeeva Olga, Gnizdovskyi Oleksandr, Malovanyy Myroslav

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 3

11--17

EN

The study of the composting process is a very urgent task. The rapid growth in food production leads to the formation of waste, which should be safely disposed of in a natural way – composting. Composting the vegetable component of food waste can significantly reduce the proportion of waste falling into landfills and utilize the food waste from the hotel and restaurant industry. Additional enrichment of the compost mixture of food waste with the «Baikal EM» microbiological additive accelerates the maturation process and enhances the efficiency of the finished compost. Such compost does not contain viable weed seeds or pathogenic microflora and can be used as a fertilizer. In contrast to the control, a sufficient level of germination index is observed for the studied samples and they are not phytotoxic. The finished compost can be used as a fertilizer in agriculture for growing crops. The results obtained indicate that the index of germination of radish seeds increases along with the duration of fermentation of the composted mixture. Communities of microorganisms contained in the «Baikal EM» additive accelerate the natural process of composting, taking an active part in the destruction of the components of the vegetable mixture. The pH value of the finished compost, both under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions, is close to neutral indicators. High values of CO2 emissions from reactors were recorded in the second week under thermophilic and for 3 weeks under mesophilic conditions. The finished compost that fermented under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions can be used as fertilizer, but considering that additional energy is required to create thermophilic conditions, it is advisable to compost the food waste mixture with the addition of the microbiological additive «Baikal EM» under mesophilic conditions.

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Apparent elimination of inhibition phenomenon caused by proper design of a bubble tank bioreactor

Tabiś B., Skoneczny Sz.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 40, nr 4

105--117

EN

The paper concerns an aerobic microbiological process occurring in a bubble tank bioreactor. If the process is inhibited by a carbonaceous substrate, then the steady states characteristics obtained using models without biofilm indicates a danger of irreversible washout of the biomass. It was shown that taking into account the biofilm immobilized on bioreactor’s walls and proper design of the bioreactor can lead to disappearance of the region of the multiple steady-states, i.e. to disappearance of the turning point at the steady state branches. Therefore, the operation of the bioreactor is safe in a wide range of feed flow rates, even those leading to the washout of the biomass from the liquid phase. This property was called apparent elimination of inhibition phenomenon.

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Ocena wpływu wielkości bioreaktora zbiornikowego na jego właściwości procesowe i kinetyczne : wpływ narastania mikroorganizmów na ściankach aparatu

Tabiś B., Skoneczny S.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2011

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T. 90, nr 7

1387-1391

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Analiza teoretyczna i numeryczna procesu mikrobiologicznego w immobilizowanym biofilmie dla kinetyki wielosubstratowej

Tabiś B.

Inżynieria Chemiczna i Procesowa

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2002

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T. 23, z. 4

PL

Zastosowano podstawowe pojęcia i twierdzenia analizy funkcjonalnej do określenia istnienia i jednokrotności stanów stacjonarnych procesów mikrobiologicznych przebiegających w biofilmie immobilizowanym na ziarnie inertnym według kinetyk wielosubstratowych. Analizy tej dokonano w przestrzeni funkcji całkowalnych z p-tą potęgą. Wykazano, że optymalna do tych celów jest przestrzeń Hilberta. Uwzględniono obecność zewnętrznego i wewnętrznego oporu ruchu masy. Przedstawiono alternatywne numeryczne sposoby wyznaczania stanów stacjonarnych biofilmu. Dokonano ilościowej oceny współczynnika efektywności biofilmu na przykładzie procesu biodegradacji fenolu.

EN

Basic concepts and theorems of functional analysis were used to determine the existence and uniqueness of the steady states of microbiological processes taking place according to multisubstrate kinetics in a biofilm immobilized on inert pellets. The analysis was performed in an abstract space of functions integrable with p-power. It has been shown that the Hilbert space is the optimum one here. Both interparticle and intraparticle mass transfer resistance was taken into account. Two alternative numerical methods for determining the steady states of the biofilm are presented. Quantitative assessment of the effectiveness factor of the biofilm has been made using the biodegradation of phenol as an example.