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Enhanced biosolubilization of mid-low grade phosphate rock by formation of microbial consortium biofilm from activated sludge

Xiao Chunqiao, Wu Xiaoyan, Zhu Lei, Yu Tong, Xu Zhenghe, Chi Ruan

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2019

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Vol. 55, iss. 1

217--224

EN

Mid-low grade phosphate rock (PR) is a potential source of free phosphate to facilitate crop growth, but a cost effective and environmentally responsible extraction process is required. In this study, the capacity of a microbial consortium from activated sludge to solubilize PR in a laboratory-scale column reactor was investigated. The microbial consortium proved capable of efficiently releasing soluble phosphate in the reactor effluent over the 90-day trial. The microbial consortium grew well in the column system as evidenced by reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the reaction solution. Biofilm formation was identified as critical for biosolubilization of the mid-low grade PR. Imaging of the biofilm by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a dense network of microbial cells embedded in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The biofilm contained both oxic and anoxic zones. The pH decreased significantly in both the biofilm and the reaction solution during operation, indicating healthy growth of the microbial consortium with corresponding acid generation and subsequent enhancement of phosphate solubilization.

2

Influence of spreading cultivation with food waste culture medium on the degradation of organophosphorus pesticides by a microbial consortium OP-1

Zhang Y., Jin X., Luo W.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 42, nr 4

37--48

EN

A microbial consortium OP-1 was enriched from a pesticide production plant and spread cultivated on various food waste (FW) culture media. Results indicated that OP-1 can efficiently degrade organophosphorus pesticides (OPs): isocarbophos, dimethoate and dichlorvos (DDVP). The microbial consortium obtained from the spreading cultivation using FW culture maintained certain degradation capacity of OPs. However, it was decreased after spreading cultivation, probably due to the change of microbial community structure. The finding of this study provided scientific supporting for the development of microbial degradation technique for the environmental remediation.

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Biodegradation potential of microbial consortium isolated from Eastern Carpathians soil

Szczepaniak Z., Staninska J., Piotrowska-Cyplik A., Cyplik P.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 60, nr 1

106--111

EN

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose a real threat towards all elements of the ecosystem due to their toxic properties. One of the methods reducing PAHs from the environment is bioremediation, including bioaugmentation. Bioaugmentation consists in introducing microorganisms capable of effective recultivation ground into contaminated areas. This kind of microorganisms (microbial consortia), are often isolated from places permanently contaminated with organic compounds due to their high potential for biodegradation. Genetic assays based on Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) indicate that K52 consortium obtained from crude oil contaminated site of eastern Carpathians is characterized by a high diversity of population with dominance of Pseudomonas genus. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, phenanthrene and fluorene) used throughout the currently described experiments were biodegradable both in the individual systems, and in the mixture, but the degree of biodegradation depended on the type of PAH. The most susceptible to biodegradation is naphthalene in the concentration of 20 mg/l, which undergoes completely decomposed after six days of experiments. In the system with initial concentration of 50 mg/l, biodegradation of naphthalene reached almost 80% after eight days. The results of flow cytometry confirm that the difficulties in PAHs decomposition increasing with amount of aromatic rings.

PL

Wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (WWA) stanowią udowodnione zagrożenie dla wszystkich elementów ekosystemu ze względu na właściwości kancerogenne, teratogenne i mutagenne. Jedną z metod usuwania WWA ze środowiska jest bioremediacja, w tym bioaugmentacja zakładająca wprowadzenie do zanieczyszczonego środowiska mikroorganizmów zdolnych do efektywnej rekultywacji gruntów. Takie mikroorganizmy (konsorcja mikrobiologiczne) często izolowane są z miejsc trwale zanieczyszczonych związkami organicznymi ze względu na ich wysoki potencjał biodegradacyjny. Badania genetyczne opierające się na sekwencjonowaniu nowej generacji (NGS) wskazują, że wykorzystane w pracy konsorcjum mikrobiologiczne K52 pozyskane z trwale zanieczyszczonych olejem napędowym gleb wschodnich Karpat charakteryzuje się dużym zróżnicowaniem gatunkowym z dominacją bakterii z rodzaju Pseudomonas. Zastosowane wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (naftalen, fenantren i fluoren) wykazywały się biodegradowalnością zarówno w układach indywidualnych, jak i mieszaninie, przy czym stopień biodegradacji zależał od rodzaju WWA. Najbardziej podatnym na biodegradacje jest naftalen, który ulegał całkowitemu rozkładowi w szóstym dniu inkubacji w układzie indywidualnym (20 mg/l). W układzie o stężeniu wyjściowym 50 mg/l biodegradacja naftalenu po ośmiu dniach inkubacji osiągnęła blisko 80%. Wyniki cytometrii przepływowej potwierdzają dane literaturowe wskazujące na ogólna tendencje wzrostu toksyczności WWA wraz ze wzrastająca liczba pierścieni - naftalen posiada tylko dwa pierścienie i jak wynika z aktywności komórek mikroorganizmów jest dla nich mniej toksyczny niż trójpierścieniowy fenantren.

4

Extracellular elements-mobilizing compounds produced by consortium of indigenous bacteria isolated from kupferschiefer black shale – implication for metals biorecovery from neutral and alkaline polymetallic ores

Matlakowska R., Wlodarczyk A., Slominska B., Sklodowska A.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2014

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Vol. 50, iss. 1

87--96

EN

Extracellular compounds produced by a consortium of indigenous bacteria interact with the polymetallic Kupferschiefer black shale and implicate for elements mobilization and/or complexation. The extracellular compounds were identified by GC-MS as carboxylic acids, but also aromatic acids and alcohols. Due to their action in batch experiment 16 elements were mobilized from black shale. Among mobilized elements precious metals (Cu, Ni, Co, V) as well as toxic heavy metals (As) were determined. Extracellular metabolites produced by studied consortium may be utilized in non-contact biorecovery of precious metals from neutral or slightly alkaline ores, and in the bioremediation of heavy metalcontaminated sites.