The effect of CaSiAl modification (43-49% Ca, 43-48% Si, 2% Al) on the non-metallic inclusions and mechanical properties of cast low-carbon steel is discussed. Tests were carried out on the cast steel with 0.2% C and micro-additives of V and Nb, used mainly for heavy steel castings (e.g. slag ladles). The modifier in an amount of 1.5 and 3 kg / Mg was introduced to the liquid steel before tapping the metal into a ladle. Test ingots of Y type and a weight of 10 kg were cast and then subjected to a normalizing heat treatment. Using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the non-metallic inclusions present in as-cast samples was carried out. Additionally, tests of mechanical strength and impact strength were performed on cast steel with and without the different content of modifier. It was found that increasing the modifier addition affected impact strength but had no significant effect on tensile strength and yield strength. The material with high impact strength had the smallest area fraction of non-metallic inclusions in the microstructure (0.20%). The introduction of modifiers changed the morphology of non-metallic inclusions from dendritic to regular and nodular shapes.
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Behaviour of microalloyed by vanadium additions cast steel were studied in minus temperature. Transition temperature was shifted after introduction of microadditions. At the content less than 0.1% V, the impact toughness increased in the range of+20 to -40 degrees C. In the cast steel with 0.05% V the impact toughness in - 60 degrees C is higher than 65 J/cm2, after normalization.
PL
Praca przedstawia zachowanie staliwa węglowego z niewielkimi dodatkami wanadu oraz wanadu i niobu w temperaturach ujemnych. W szczególności badano przesunięcie progu kruchości w wyniku wprowadzenia mikrododatków. Niewielkie dodatki wanadu (< 0,1%) zwiększają udarność w temperaturze pokojowej oraz przesuwają próg kruchości do temperatury poniżej minus 40 stopni C. Przy stężeniu 0,05% V udarność w temperaturze minus 60 stopni C po normalizowaniu przewyższa 65 J/cm2.
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