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Microsystems in biochemical diagnosis

Torbicz W., Pijanowska D.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2007

Vol. 27, no. 1-2

33-43

Semiconductor technology gives possibilities of miniaturization of chemical sensors and biosensors and integration of them with the required microfluidics systems and/or electronics to create a micro analytical system called the micro-TAS or the lab-on-a-chip. One of the very important groups of potentiometric chemical sensors is the ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs). In this paper, the results of our research on development of the electrochemical type biosensors and microreactors for biomedical applications, including immobilization of bioreceptors onto the sensing part of biosensors and microreactors and their implementation into microsystems, are presented.

Biosensors for bioanalytical applications

Pijanowska D., Torbicz W.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

2005

Vol. 53, nr 3

251-260

Biosensors are a crucial part of most of bioanalytical diagnostic devices and systems. Due to semiconductor technologies, a great progress in diminution of costs and miniaturisation as well as an increased reliability of these devices was achieved. Application of molecular and biological techniques in the detection process has contributed to a real increase in sensitivity, selectivity, the detection limit and the number of analytes to be detected. Different transducers of chemical parameters into electrical output signals are applied in these devices. Electrochemical principles, both potentiometric and amperometric, are opted for due to their simplicity of application and extremely low costs of such biosensors. Ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) may be easily integrated into the required electronics, resulting in their miniaturisation. Further miniaturisation may be attained by development of miniaturised total analytical systems ([mu]TAS). To ensure competitive parameters of these biosensors, optimal methods of immobilisation of biochemical receptors (ionophores, enzymes, antibodies, etc.) should be developed. A review of the work by the authors related to these problems is presented in the article.