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Shaping the climate of construction work safety

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 118, nr 2

78--85

EN

Purpose: The interest in the social aspects of work safety results because the human factor plays a key role in the causes of accidents at work in construction. Statistical data for Poland confirm that organisational and human causes, in particular those related to improper behaviour of employees, account for the highest share in the structure of causes of accidents at work according to the TOL classification. Findings: Human behaviour determines the current and future state of occupational safety and requires at least interest. The key factors of human error resulting in accidents include lack of knowledge about hazards in the working environment and appropriate qualifications or irregularities in the behaviour of a group of employees in relation to the adopted social standards, established rules, or inappropriate behaviour. On the one hand, human behaviour depends on the safety culture; on the other hand, it is human behaviour that shapes the climate of work safety by consolidating certain beliefs and attitudes. Research limitations/implications: The measures outlined in work allow for the creation of a desirable safety climate and enable the smooth and compliant operation of the construction site, as well as the economic benefits of minimising losses due to eliminating occupational accidents and illnesses. Social benefits, in turn, can include increased awareness and motivation of construction site personnel, made possible by shaping the desired safety climate by informing and involving workers and their social representatives. Practical implications: The practical application of shaping the safety climate is very important, which will also impact the quality and productivity of the work and the image of the construction workers. Originality/value: The article attempts to systematise terms related to the concept of security climate, and tools for shaping the security climate on the example of construction.

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Safe operation of buildings during the winter period

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 116, nr 1

36--41

EN

Purpose: The article presents legal regulations and principles for the safe operation of buildings in winter and proposes a procedure for clearing snow from flat roofs. Findings: The Construction Law regulates the activities involving building design, construction, maintenance, and demolition and defines the operation principles of public administration bodies in these areas. Research limitations/implications: The safety of buildings in the winter requires specialist knowledge and special care on the part of managers, employers, persons managing employees, and employees performing work related to their safe operation. Practical implications: The safe removal of snow from flat roofs requires adequate legal knowledge, skills, training, and experience on the part of employers, managers, and workers. The employer's most important obligations to employees in the case of snow clearance work on flat roofs (tantamount to work at height) include providing them with protective equipment appropriate to their position and tasks, with collective protective equipment. The employer is obliged to ensure that persons who carry out work at height are assisted by other employees who do not carry out such work directly. The employer should also ensure that workers receive instruction, taking into account, in particular, the personal division of work, the sequence of tasks to be performed, and the health and safety rules necessary for the various activities. It is also necessary to establish supervision of work at height. Originality/value: Employees carrying out snow clearing should have a current height examination and hold a valid (current) medical certificate of no contraindication to work at height. The employee must also receive health and safety training prior to working at height, as well as an introduction to the specifics of the job, know the potential hazards and risks, and learn to use the personal protective equipment required for the job properly.

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Culture on construction objects

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 116, nr 2

80--85

EN

Purpose: of this paper is to discuss the problem of culture in the workplace, which has been becoming increasingly popular recently. Findings: Culture has many meanings and synonyms in the Polish language - we can talk about good manners, rules of savoir-vivre, social etiquette, or politeness. Most people intuitively know how to behave in situations outside of work. In recent years, discussions about culture in the workplace have appeared more often. It is particularly relevant in the construction industry at a time when new forms of employment are emerging and many organisations are undergoing restructuring processes. Research limitations/implications: It results in, among others, high staff turnover, the employment of more contract workers, frequent changes in the working environment, and working on different construction sites. In such cases, the direct and long-term impact of supervision on maintaining safe and cultural working conditions is increasingly limited. The responsibility should be borne by all site personnel, who should adopt an attitude of active and continuous concern for the culture and safety of their own behaviour and that of others and be personally involved in the process of developing cultural and safe attitudes on construction sites. The article defines culture and suggests its application on construction sites. Practical implications: Consequences include high rates of staff turnover, the need to bring in outside contractors, constant shifts in the workplace culture, and the need to work at many sites. The ability of supervision to provide a safe and satisfactory work environment, both now and in the future, is diminished under those circumstances. All construction workers should take responsibility and adopt an attitude of active and continuous concern for the culture and safety of their behaviour and that of others and be personally involved in the process of shaping cultural and safe attitudes on construction sites. Originality/value: The paper defines culture and proposes its use on construction sites.

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Formation of the attitudes and behaviours of employees in the context of safe operation of buildings on the example of the University of Agribusiness in Lomza

Obolewicz J., Baryłka A., Szota M., Oźga K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 115, nr 2

64--74

EN

Purpose: The issue of shaping the attitude of employee involvement in an organisation is a relatively new area of scientific interest. Shaping employees' attitudes, understood as a conscious influence to consolidate or change them so that they are conducive to the safe operation of building objects, should be of significant importance for any organisation. Attitude is related to behaviour, the most elementary form of human activity, which is externally observable. Design/methodology/approach: Statistical analysis. Findings: The issue of shaping organisational attitudes and behaviours is related to the need to consider the factors that trigger the change process. It is important to diagnose whether the engine of change is the person with a specific attitude or elements from his environment. Research limitations/implications: The article presents a theoretical introduction and the results of diagnostic tests. It proposes actions shaping the attitudes and behaviour of employees regarding the safe operation of buildings, based on the example of the University of Agribusiness in Lomza. Practical implications: The classical approach to the safety of buildings focuses primarily on the technical and engineering side of the building. Planners, designers, contractors, and users of buildings strive to make them the least hazardous to health and life, especially during the operation of the building. At the same time, it is important to bear in mind that safe operation is influenced by the behaviour of facility users, as they are the weakest link in management. Consequently, this is where the reserves for raising the health and safety of building users to a higher level still lie. Originality/value: One of the main factors significantly influencing how an individual will behave when placed in a risky situation is how they perceive the risks involved. People's beliefs about various things can influence their behaviour more strongly than objective reality. To activate the reserves hidden in human behaviour to improve the safety level of buildings, it is necessary to fully recognise the causes and mechanisms that lead users to risky actions. Those behaviours allow the application of appropriate training and supervision methods, and more broadly of management methods, which would induce users to behave safely and to react consciously, directly or indirectly, to emerging risks during the operation of the works.

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Charakterystyka międzynarodowych projektów badawczych realizowanych na Wydziale Elektroniki, Telekomunikacji i Informatyki, Politechniki Gdańskiej

Krawczyk H., Woźniak J.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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1998

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nr 6

419-422

PL

Omówiono sposoby realizacji międzynarodowych projektów badawczych TEMPUS i COPERNICUS realizowanych na Wydziale ETI Politechnika Gdańskiej. Przedstawiono w szczególności projekty dotyczące informatyki i telekomunikacji.

EN

Realization of the international research projects at the faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications & Informatics within TEMPUS and COPERNICUS frameworks has been presented. In particular computer science and telecommunications related projects have been described.