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1

Investigation of electric potential difference during the top oxygen blowing in converter

Semykin S. I., Golub T. S.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 88, nr 1

35--40

EN

Purpose: of this paper is to investigate the method of monitoring the course of the main oxidation-reduction processes and dust depression during the top oxygen blowing, based on the registration of natural electric potential difference on the lance-metal melt site during the blowing. Design/methodology/approach: Exchange processes in the converter bath take place with exchange of electrons and ions between metal and slag melts and gas phase. Since the processes are far from equilibrium, if to complete the circuit it will be possible to register the potential difference. Investigation was conducted in industrial converters of 60-t capacity at medium-carbon steel smelting. During the blowing the potential difference in the lancemetal bath site, the position of the lance and the dust level after gas cleaning were recorded. Findings: It was revealed that the level and sign of variation of the potential difference in the lance-metal bath site reflects the course of the main oxidation-reduction processes in the sub lance area during melting periods: oxidation of silicon, carbon and iron. The probable course of gaseous oxygen interaction with the metal fusion was discussed. Practical implications: In order to reduce the dust level without slowing down the carbon oxidation process, it was recommended to place the lance at a level corresponded to the potential difference during the active carbon oxidation period 30 % lower than 200-210 mV. The results of heats, conducted with the proposed mode of lance position, showed that the level of dust emission was 16% lower than on the comparative melting. Originality/value: The level and sign of the potential difference is possible to use to select the lance position during the blowing for longer slag foamed state without overflow that ensures a lower level of dust emission.

2

Methodology and tools of ecodesign

Nowosielski R., Spilka M., Kania A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 23, nr 1

91-94

EN

Purpose: The paper presents a possibility of ecological aspects considering in materials and materials technological processes designing. The main objective of ecodesign concept is environmental influences reducing. The article presents also main tools of ecodesign. Design/methodology/approach: To sustainable development principles realization it is necessary environmental aspects to engineering design introducing. It is possible only in case of methodology and tools of ecodesign using. Findings: In the article Checklist (CL), Material Input Per Service Unit (MIPS), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), etc. as a main tools of ecodesign presented. The basic phases of ecodesign methodology also presented. Research limitations/implications: Ecodesign makes possible product or service designing and its impacts on the environment minimization. It has influence on every stage of a life cycle of the products: raw material extraction, production, packaging, distribution, use, recovery, recycling, etc. Practical implications: Taking into account environmental aspects in design, the minimization of the total production costs through the production waste quantity and energy consumption reduction, added materials reduction obtained. Originality/value: The paper presents ecodesign as a new approach to products design. We can define environmental results of all design activities (e.g. products, materials, technological processes) already on the design stage.

3

Application of the sustainable materials technology model

Spilka M., Kania A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2006

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Vol. 18, nr 1-2

427--430

EN

Purpose: The paper presents a possibility of the sustainable technology model to the materials technological processes galvanic treatment used. Design/methodology/approach: The article includes analysis and estimation of the nickel and chromium coated on the metal elements. To selection of the best solution (about the least negative environmental influence) simple genetic algorithm was used. Polyoptimization makes possible selection of the optimum solution in view of several criteria, especially environmental. Findings: The conclusion of the work shows a possibility connecting of sustainable technology model with multiobjective optimization. This approach gives basis to collection of many modernization variants and selection of the optimum variant. Research limitations/implications: The enlargement of quantity and kind of criteria (except environmental criteria, e.g. quality, efficiency, costs, etc.) can narrow down the area of proposed solutions selection. The problem is the suitable introduction of these criteria to objective function. Practical implications: The solution presented in the paper can apply in the industry to estimation and selection of a group technological processes which characterize different environmental influences. To modernization variants optimization, except genetic algorithms, can be used other methods of polyoptimization. Originality/value: The paper presents searching for optimum solutions of the technological proces modernization with regard to environmental criteria with polyoptimization used.