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1
Content available remote Calculation models of the electrodynamic accelerator (railgun)
Waindok A., Piekielny P.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2016
|
R. 92, nr 9
246--249
EN
The analysis of phenomena occurring in the railway accelerator (railgun) has been presented in the paper. The analytical and numerical models have been used. The formulas describing the forces acting on the accelerated element (bullet) for different models of the accelerator have been derived. The dimensions of rails and bullet for each model have been assumed to be the same. In case of numerical calculations the finite element method has been used. For a chosen accelerator type the field-circuit model has been made with using MATLAB-Simulink software. The selected model has been verified experimentally.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę zjawisk zachodzących w akceleratorze szynowym. Wykorzystano zarówno modele analityczne, jak i numeryczne. Otrzymano wzory opisujące siły działające na element przyspieszany (pocisk) dla różnych modeli akceleratora. Przyjęto identyczne wymiary szyn i pocisku dla każdego modelu. W przypadku obliczeń numerycznych wykorzystano metodę elementów skończonych. Dla wybranego typu akceleratora wykonano model polowo-obwodowy z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania MATLAB-Simulink. Model ten został zweryfikowany pomiarowo.
2
Content available remote A Method for Calculation of the Inrush Current in Single Phase Transformer including the Residual Flux
Waindok A.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2012
|
R. 88, nr 5b
194-201
EN
A field-circuit method for simulation of transients in a single-phase, two-winding transformer has been given. The magnetic field excited by the winding currents has been analyzed, and integral parameters have been determined. Including the equivalent circuit parameters and the magnetic residual flux in the silicon steel core, the developed method has been implemented for the transitional states, especially for the transformer switching on. As numerical examples, the waves of the inrush current have been calculated in terms of the internal winding as well as external one supplying. Calculated waves of the inrush current were compared with those obtained experimentally from the tests of the single-phase transformer.
PL
Przedstawiono polową-obwodową metodę obliczania przebiegów czasowych w dwuuzwojeniowym transformatorze jednofazowym. Przeanalizowano pole magnetyczne od prądów wzbudzenia oraz określono jego parametry całkowe. Uwzględniając parametry schematu zastępczego oraz magnetyczny strumień remanentu w rdzeniu ze stali krzemowej, wykorzystano opracowaną metodę do analizy stanów nieustalonych, w szczególności załączania transformatora. Jako przykład numeryczny obliczono przebieg prądu załączania dla uzwojenia wewnętrznego oraz zewnętrznego. Obliczone krzywe prądu porównano z wynikami pomiarów dla transformatora1-fazowego.
3
Content available remote Calculation of the transient currents in transformers using field-circuits methods
Tomczuk B., Koteras D., Zimon J., Waindok A.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2011
|
R. 87, nr 11
126-130
EN
The Field- Circuit Method (FCM) and the new Modified Time Stepping Finite Element Method (MTSF) as well as classical Time Stepping Finite Element Method (TSF) have been used for the transient current calculations in transformers. The execution times for MTSF and TSF methods have been compared. The novel method (MTSF) is about two times faster than the classical (TSF) method. Two constructions of the 1-phase transformer have been studied. The first one is an amorphous modular transformer (T1) and the second one is the transformer with laminated carbon steel core (T2). The calculated inrush currents were compared with the measured ones.
PL
Do obliczeń przebiegów czasowych prądów w transformatorach wykorzystano: Metodę Polowo-Obwodową (MPO), Zmodyfikowaną Metodę Kroku Czasowego (ZMKC) oraz klasyczną Metodę Kroku Czasowego. Porównano czasy obliczeń dla klasycznej Metody Kroku Czasowego (MKC) oraz dla ZMKC wykorzystującej dwuwymiarową analizę polową. ZMKC jest około dwa razy szybsza od MKC. Analizowano dwa 1-fazowe transformatory. Pierwszy to transformator amorficzny budowy modułowej T1, natomiast drugi to transformator tradycyjny z rdzeniem z blachy elektrotechnicznej T2. Otrzymano dobrą zgodność obliczeń z pomiarami.
4
Content available Metoda polowo-obwodowa obliczania charakterystyk elektromechanicznych synchronicznych silników reluktancyjnych
Rossa R.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2011
|
Nr 5(93)
53-58
EN
In the paper a method to calculate the electromechanical characteristics and lumped synchronous parameters of Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) is presented. This method is similar to the so-called loading method used to calculate electromechanical characteristics of Permanent magnet Synchronous Motors and introduced by M.A. Rahman and P. Zhou at the beginning of 90's. In the presented method a 2D finite element analysis (FEA) of magnetic field inside the machine is carried out separately for each of given load conditions and simultaneously equations of SynRM model in d-q reference frame are solved using parameters obtained from FEA which are specific for each of load conditions. Calculations are repeated automatically for in advance given range of motor loads. In the R&D Centre Of Electrical Machines "Komel", the software for analysis and evaluation of SynRM performance at synchronous operation was developed on the basis of presented method. The examples of electromechanical characteristic curves calculated for SynRM using described method are presented in the paper and compared with the laboratory test results.
5
Content available Comparition of numerical methods for current determination under no-load transformers
Tomczuk B., Koteras D., Zimon J., Waindok A.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
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2011
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Nr 4(92)
145-150
EN
In this paper, the new Modified Time Stepping Finite Element Method (MTSF) and Field- Circuit Method (FCM) for the inrusch current calculations of transformers have been presented. The computation time for MTSF and classical Time Stepping Finite Element Method (TSF) in 2D magnetic field analysis have been compared. The MTSF is about two times faster than the TSF method. We analyzed two constructions of the 1- phase transformers. The first one is amorphous modular core transformer (T1) and the second one is the conventional construction with laminated carbon steel core (T2). The comparision of the calculation and measurement results gives a good agreement.
6
Content available A coupled field-circuit model of a 5-phase permanent magnet tubular linear motor
Tomczuk B., Waindok A.
Archives of Electrical Engineering
|
2011
|
Vol. 60, nr 1
5-14
EN
A method for modeling of the dynamics characteristics for a 5-phase permanent magnet tubular linear motor (PMTLM) is presented. Its electromagnetic nonlinear field analysis with finite element method (FEM) has been coupled with the circuit model. The calculation model includes the equations for electrical circuits and mechanical quantities as well. They have been obtained using Lagrange's method. The calculated and measured waves of the mover position have been compared for several values of the excitation current. This comparison yields a good agreement. Presented calculation model is very useful in designing and optimization of the PMTLM and in the calculation of the parameters for the control algorithms intended for such a type of actuators.
7
Content available Nowe polowo-zorientowane środowisko komputerowe do obliczeń konstrukcyjnych klatkowych silników indukcyjnych
Jagieła M.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2010
|
Nr 86
145-151
EN
This paper describes an environment for computer assisted design of three-phase squirrel cage induction machines. The finite element method is used as a computational technique to appropriately account for detailed geometrical properties, skew, material nonlinearity and deep-bar effect. It enables determination of all electromagnetic quantities that are usually of interest of designers of electrical machines directly from the model. Besides of that it contains module for design optimization. The design of experiment is used as a principal optimization technique. Sample results including measurements and the results of optimization are presented.
8
Content available Charakterystyki biegu jałowego wysokoobrotowych silników indukcyjnych małej mocy
Dems M., Komęza K., Szulakowski J.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2009
|
Nr 82
239-244
EN
Nowadays the high-speed induction motors are widely used in many industrial installations and also in aircraft industry. Many of them are designed as converter-fed induction machines. Some electrical drives with not so sophisticated speed control have voltage shape with many higher harmonics. Examine the operation of high speed induction motors feed from PWM converters, with wide range of frequency, it is necessity for carefully considering of no-load losses of the motor. Results of formulas used in computer aided design for calculation of mechanical losses and core losses have shown good agreement with experimental data for motor feed from sinusoidal 50 Hz source but they have been not valid for higher frequencies. The main aim of the paper will be analysis of the no-load losses and no-load current for some small power induction motors feed with voltage of frequency from 50 to 250 Hz with different U-f ratio. For this problem circuit and field-circuit methods will be use and the results will be validating and computation methods will be improving basing on experimental results.
9
Content available Metoda obwodowo-polowa obliczania charakterystyk zewnętrznych prądnic synchronicznych z magnesami trwałymi pracujących samotnie na odbiorniki typu R lub RL
Rossa R., Król E.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2008
|
Nr 80
175-179
EN
This paper deals with the field-circuit method to calculate the load characteristics of a stand-alone permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSGen) connected to R-L type load. This method is based on the so-called loading method [1] ÷ [3], used widely for calculation of lumped parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motor's (PMSM) equivalent circuit model. In the developed calculation algorithm, the circuit equations of PM synchronous machine are adopted so to represent the generative mode of stand-alone operation with the assumption that load is purely of R-L type. The iterative calculation of voltage phasor V1 phase angle is used to find the appropriate values of output voltage and current magnitudes for a given power factor cos φ and for given output power.
10
Content available Badania symulacyjne właściwości dynamicznych synchronicznego silnika reluktancyjnego
Machlarz R.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2008
|
Nr 80
29-33
EN
The paper presents an approach to simulation analysis of synchronous reluctance motor transients by means of indirect field-circuit method. Dynamic performance of two pole synchronous reluctance motor with axially laminated, anisotropic rotor with modified magnetic circuit was investigated. Asymmetrical equivalent rotor damping cage and skin effects in aluminum layers were taking into account. An indirect field-circuit model including frequency dependent parameters of damping circuit was derived and implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment. A series of simulation were performed for different start up parameters (initial voltage, initial frequency, start-up duration), shaft torque step and moment of inertia. The simulation results confirmed good dynamic performance of the motor with modified rotor structure and the reliability of proposed simulation method, although some improvements are still necessary.
11
Content available Wpływ zamknięcia żłobków stojana klinami magnetycznymi na parametry silnika pracującego w ciekłym azocie
Azarewicz S., Śniegoń S., Węgliński B.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2006
|
Nr 75
185-188
EN
This paper presents the influence of stator slot closure with magnetic wedge on different magnetic permeabilities in a motor designed specifically for cryogenic application. Calculation results of are obtained by simulation research on the basis of finite element analysis conducted using Flux2D computer program. Basing on the obtained results, it was found that the application of a magnetic wedge in cryogenic motor causes decreases of both the electrical current drawn and electromagnetic torque. Simultaneously, the magnetic flux in air-gap is more uniformly distributed when compared with a typical motor. As a consequence, the values of current harmonics of the motor also decrease.
12
Content available Obliczanie charakterystyk elektromechanicznych silnika reluktancyjnego dowzbudzanego magnesami trwałymi
Rossa R.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2006
|
Nr 75
59-69
EN
In the paper one of the methods for calculation of lumped synchronous parameters of PMSM, LSPMSM and PMSynRM is described. This method, called usually the loading method, was introduced by M.A. Rahman and P. Zhou at the beginning of 90's [1, 2, 3]. The method is based on a finite element analysis of magnetic field inside the machine and simultaneous solving equivalent circuit equations of synchronous motor for a range of loads. At the Research and Development Centre of Electric Machines "Komel", the software for analysis and evaluation of LSPMSM and PMSynRM performance at synchronous operation was developed on the basis of loading method. The examples of electromechanical characteristic curves calculated for PMSynRM using loading method and developed software are presented in the paper.
13
Content available Zastosowanie metody polowo - obwodowej do obliczania parametrów silników synchronicznych z magnesami trwałymi przy pracy synchronicznej
Rossa R.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2005
|
Nr 72
11-16
EN
In the paper one of the methods for calculation of lumped synchronous parameters of PMSM is described. This method, called usually the loading method, was introduced by M. A. Rahman and P. Zhou at the beginning of 90's. The method is based on a finite element analysis of magnetic field inside the machine and simultaneous solving of PMSM equivalent circuit equations for a range of loads. Actually at the Research And Development Centre Of Electric Machines "Komel", the software for analysis and evaluation of PMSM performance at synchronous operation is developed on the basis of described method. This software, as intended, should enable the investigation of PMSM performance for both, current and voltage source supply.
14
Content available Wyznaczanie charakterystyk statycznych synchronicznego silnika reluktancyjnego z użyciem metody polowo-obwodowej
Machlarz R.
Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe
|
2005
|
Nr 72
97-101
EN
The paper presents a field-circuit approach to determining the steady state performance characteristics of synchronous reluctance motor with magnetic circuit non-linearity taking into account. The method was implemented for the calculation of torque-angle characteristic and main exploitation parameters characteristics of two pole synchronous reluctance motor with axially laminated, anisotropic rotor. For a number of consecutive values of current angle and different excitation levels the direct and quadrature axis current components were calculated. On the basis of radial component of airgap flux density distributions resolved for both axes and each excitation current value, the magnetizing flux linkages in direct and quadrature axes were determined. Calculated flux linkage vs. excitation current functions were stored as a look-up tables. An iterative method of solving a set of non-linear algebraic equations was adopted, with values of flux linkages taken from a look-up table. The curves obtained on the basis of field-circuit model and measured ones were presented together for comparison. The reasons for observed discrepancy between calculated and measured curves were discussed.
15
Content available remote Analiza stanów przejściowych w toroidalnym zabezpieczeniowym przekładniku prądowym przy różnych wartościach wymuszenia
Ziemnicki J.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Elektryka / Politechnika Łódzka
|
2004
|
z. 102
9--18
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę stanu nieustalonego w przekładniku prądowym zabezpieczeniowym z rdzeniem toroidalnym przy zastosowaniu metody polowo-obwodowej. Umożliwiła ona bezpośrednie uzyskanie przebiegu czasowego prądu wtórnego i prądu błędu. Dla przyjętego modelu przekładnika zbadano wpływ szczelin powietrznych rdzenia oraz stopnia jego nasycenia na jakość transformacji. Przedstawiony problem rozwiązano metodą elementów skończonych z wykorzystaniem profesjonalnego oprogramowania OPERA 2D.
EN
The paper presents the analysis of a toroidal protective current transformer during transient state with application of field-and-circuit method. It allowed to obtain secondary and instantaneous error currents vs. time directly. For the applied model of the transformer the influence of the air gaps in the core and its saturation level on the quality of the transformation was examined. Presented problem was solved applying the method of finite elements with the use of OPERA 2D software.
16
Content available remote Analiza porównawcza obliczeń pola magnetycznego w silniku prądu stałego z magnesami trwałymi metodą dwuwymiarową i trójwymiarową
Dudzikowski I., Janiszewski S.
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Maszyn, Napędów i Pomiarów Elektrycznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały
|
2003
|
Vol. 54, nr 23
29-38
PL
W silnikach prądu stałego z magnesami trwałymi o wirnikach walcowych celowym jest stosowanie magnesów dłuższych od pakietu twornika, gdyż powoduje to przyrost strumienia użytecznego. W analizie polowej 3D zjawisko wydłużenia magnesów uwzględniane jest w sposób naturalny. W metodzie 2D, gdzie wszystkie parametry całkowe oblicza się w obszarze długości pakietu wirnika, autorzy zaproponowani wprowadzenie odpowiedniej korekty uwzględniającej różnice w długości magnesów, jarzma stojana i pakietu wirnika. Wyniki obliczeń uzyskane zaproponowaną metodą porównano z wynikami uzyskanymi metodą 3D.
EN
In permanent magnet DC motors there is purposeful to use lengthen permanent magnets than a packet of armature because it gives the increase of magnetic flux in machine. In 3D finite element (FE) analysis there is possible modeling permanent magnets lengthen than armature. In 2D FE method, where all integral parameters are calculated in the length of packet of armature, authors proposed the introduction of correction taking into account the different lengths of magnets, yoke of stator and packet of rotor. The results of 2D FE computations with the proposed method correction were compared with results of 3D computations.
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