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Methodology for park-and-ride facility location using the catchment area method and multiple criteria decision-aiding approach

Andrade Nyelson Argolo, Sawicka Hanna

LogForum

2025

Vol. 21, no 2

197--209

Background: Over the past three decades, significant demographic shifts, suburban migration, and limited transport connectivity between suburban areas and city centers in Poland have led to increased private vehicle use and congestion in urban centers. These trends have contributed to environmental degradation and a decline in quality of life. In response, local authorities have been compelled to promote public transportation services and implement infrastructure solutions-one of which is the development of a network of Park-and-Ride (P&R) facilities. Methods: This study presents a methodology that combines the Catchment Area approach with an appropriate Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) technique to identify, evaluate, and rank potential P&R facility locations. The Catchment Area method is employed to determine viable P&R sites within the city, emphasizing connections to major roadways and traffic flows. The MCDA method, selected for its suitability, enables the ranking of these locations from most to least favorable, based on a defined set of evaluation criteria and stakeholder preferences. Results: The proposed methodology is applied to a case study in a Polish city. The results show that integrating the Catchment Area method with the most appropriate MCDA method enhances the decision-making process and supports the recommendation of a balanced, compromise solution. Conclusions: This study supports the sustainable development of urban transport systems by providing a robust framework for planning P&R infrastructure. The proposed approach effectively addresses the needs of key stakeholders-including users, non-users, and local authorities alike.