In - vitro methods of determination of the antioxidant activity of complex compounds are very interesting and not fully investigated areas of knowledge from the borderline of chemistry and biology. Methods used for determination of the activity of antioxidant complex compounds are modified due to the conditions of the experiments in which they should be carried out, e.g. reactions at physiological pH. Civilization diseases, stress related to the fast pace of life and increasing requirements of our lives cause the formation of free radicals in our body, i.e. particles characterized by a high reactivity. The methods of determination of the antioxidant activity of complexes discussed in this work apply tests carried out in laboratory conditions - in - vitro.
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In vitro tissue model systems have attracted considerable attention in drug discovery owing to their ability to facilitate identification of promising compounds in the near-physiological environment during drug development. Additive manufacturing helps in mimicking com-plex geometries including the microarchitecture of the body tissues. Exploiting this emerg-ing technology, the present study demonstrates a simple and inexpensive approach for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro tissue models using a custom-designed automated bioprinting system. The bioink mixture comprised of a novel optimized compo-sition of widely known biomaterials including gelatin, alginate and hydrolyzed type-1 collagen to embed and print the C2C12 myoblast cells. The structural stability and integrity of the cells-laden constructs were found to be significantly consistent for more than 14 days in culture. Rheological and mechanical properties of the bioink blend were characterized to assess its efficacy for the fabrication of cells-laden tissue constructs. Scanning electron micrographs were acquired to analyze porosity of the scaffold for cellular growth and proliferation. The viability of cells embedded within the hydrogel was >80%, 3 h post-printing. We anticipate that the fabricated tissues will serve as an alternative model for in vitro toxicological and drug response studies.
The cytotoxic effects of volatile and water-insoluble organic solvents (ethylbenzene, tetrachloroethylene, n-hexane) were tested on isolated hepatocytes in monolayer culture by using the 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. All of the tested compounds inhibited metabolic activity of hepatocytes and this effect depended on the concentration of solvents in the incubatory medium. The presence of fetal calf serum in the medium did not change the cytotoxicity of xenobiotics. IC50 values calculated on the basis of the MTT assay indicated that ethylbenzene was more cytotoxic than tetrachloroethylene and n-hexane. Using hepatocyte monolayer culture and the MTT assay to assess cytotoxicity of organic solvents causes many technical problems. It seems that it cannot be used as a rapid, cheap, and credible method.
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