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Fenomenologiczna metoda badania krajobrazu miasta

Rylke J.

Architektura Krajobrazu

2002

nr 3-4

4-12

In the article entitled "Phenom-enological method of town landscape researching" according to the author the landscape has been researched for the means of its suitability for intended actions which so far have resulted in a choice of specific research tools and techniques. The whole of the landscape as a uniform body has not been researched because of its complicated and dynamic structure. Phenomenological method of landscape researching is a step in the direction of entire landscape research. Urban landscape, because of its external and internal configuration, densification, mobility and changeability of scenery requires diversification of research methods. In the article it was stressed that phenomenological method of landscape researching can be an effective method all the more that nowadays a description of the town is mainly its functional description not a formal one. A functional description was a characteristic one for town-planning from the previous century when a strict connection of function and form was acknowledged. Earlier town-planning dealt with the form of a town. Functional description could operate with a calibrated view as a basic record, spatially differentiating individual functions assigned to particular town districts. A formal description can not be limited to the view, it will tend to turn to recording techniques elaborated in history for the record of a spatial systems form. The author draws the readers attention to the fact that a superficial glance at carried out town landscape views allows us to state the foreground of all full views which defines traffic and infrastructure operating in it. The second plan is architectonic elevations, monuments, trees and far views. The third plan is buildings and shape of their crowns with the sky as a background. These plans are mostly layered with parallel bands whose height defines the centre of the view orientating vision. The number of views, even in residential parts of a town is limited by density of the urban space and unattractiveness, fortuity of town-planning compositions. In perspective, having deeply researched carried out views, a chance appears to receive interesting results.