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1

Optimising biosynthesis of antimicrobial copper nanoparticles using aqueous Aegle marmelos leaf extract-based medium

Tarangini Korumilli, Sherlin Shilo Nesa, Jakkala Shanuja, Borah Pallbhika, Wacławek Stanisław, Sabarinath Sankarannair, Rao Korukonda Jagajjanani, Padil Vinod V. T.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2024

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Vol. 31, nr 1

7--17

EN

Copper oxide nanostructures have garnered significant attention in nanotechnology for their diverse applications. This study presents a green synthesis approach using an aqueous Aegle marmelos leaf extract-based medium to produce copper oxide (Cu4O3) nanoparticles. Optimisation was achieved through a simplified Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, investigating critical parameters such as temperature, surfactants (AOT and Tween 80), and additives (ascorbic acid and chitosan). Under optimised conditions (AOT: 0.0012 mM, ascorbic acid: 10 mM, chitosan: 1 %, temperature: 80 °C), near-spherical nanoparticles of ~200 nm were obtained. Comprehensive characterisation through UV-Vis, DLS, electron microscopy, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the nanoparticles’ properties, while antibacterial assays showed promising results against Escherichia coli bacteria.

2

Experimental Investigation and Optimization of Machining Parameters in Turning of Aluminum Alloy 075-T651

Srivastava Arpit, Verma Mukesh Kumar, Niranjan Ramendra Singh, Chandra Abhishek, Patel Praveen Bhai

Production Engineering Archives

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2021

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Vol. 27, Iss. 4

296--305

EN

Aluminum alloy 7075-T651 is a widely used material in the aviation, marine, and automobile sectors. The wide application marks the importance of this material’s research in the manufacturing field. This research focuses on optimizing input process parameters of the turning process in the machining of Aluminum 7075-T651 with a tungsten carbide insert. The input machining parameters are cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut for the output response parameters cutting force, feed force, radial force, material removal, and surface roughness of the workpiece. For optimization of process parameters, the Taguchi method, with standard L9 orthogonal array, is used. ANOVA is applied to obtain significant factors and optimal combinations of process parameters.

3

Optimum combination of machining parameters during drilling of aluminium 7075 alloys using Grey based Taguchi approach

Sreenivasulu Reddy, Rao Chalamalasetti Srinivasa

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 4, No 3

227--238

EN

From ancient days to till today manufacturing industries, especially making of holes on the parts during drilling process for precision assembling of parts facing problems with burr formation. Drilling operation is one of the finishing operation in the production cycle, removing of burrs during drilling process is a time consuming and non-value added process to the manufacturing sector. So reducing the size of burrs is the main aim of the present study. In the present work, optimization of burr size is considered during drilling of aluminium 7075 alloy. In this connection, experiments are conducted based on Grey based Taguchi. From Grey relational grades of responses selected optimal combination of parameters to attain multiple performance characteristics of responses with a corresponding higher grey relational grade. For identifying the most significant input parameters that influence the output responses ANOVA is conducted. Based on interaction effect plots of data means of responses from results of ANOVA, confirmation tests are conducted by choosing most significant parameters. Finally, observations reveals that feed rate, point and clearance angles are the most influential factors on burr size and also experimental results divulge that the lower the thrust force causes to decrease the burr height. The proposed approach is helpful to the budding entrepreneurs in the related areas to select optimal combination of drilling parameters to attain multiple performance characteristics of responses especially in burr size to prevent the post finishing operations up to certain extent.

4

Parameters optimization of MAG welding for enhancing the mechanical properties and buckling behaviour of welded steel

Alwan A. H., Mahmood N. Y.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 99, nr 1

5--13

EN

Purpose: The influence of metal active gas welding variables, including current, wire feeding speed and gas flow rate on the ultimate tensile strength and critical buckling load of steel (St.24) and the optimized welding conditions were discussed. Design/methodology/approach: The experimental steps are firstly designing the experiments, secondly conducting the mechanical tests, thirdly analysing the results through Minitab 16 and finally determining the optimum welding parameters. Confirmation tests of the optimized variables were validated. Findings: ANOVA approach manifested that the significant effect of welding variable on the tensile strength was the gas flow rate, while the current was on the critical buckling load. The results are confirmed and given the optimum values. Research limitations/implications: The influence of MAG welding variables (current, wire feeding speed and gas flow rate) on the tensile and buckling strengths of steel will be investigated in order to avoid the failure of many welded assemblies in the structures due to the buckling, in addition to reduce the requirement of long time and high cost to produce such assemblies. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution to encounter the difficulties in their welding process. Practical implications: The major challenge was how to reduce the time and cost beside gaining the optimum properties through the designed experiments. Originality/value: The results may be helpful to design any welded joints in machine frames, structural steel connections and crane structures at the optimum condition.

5

Prediction of the optimum tensile – shear strength through the experimental results of similar and dissimilar spot welding joints

Mahmood Najmuldeen Yousif

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2020

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LXVII, nr 2

197--210

EN

Resistance spot welding is the most significant joining technique utilized in various industries, like automotive, boilers, vessels, etc., that are commonly subjected to variable tensile-shear forces due to the unsuitable use of the input spot welding variables, which mainly cause the welded joints failure during the service life of the welded assembly. So, in order to avoid such failures, the welding quality of some materials like aluminum must be improved taking into consideration the performance and weight saving of the welded structure. Thus, the need for optimizing the used welding parameters becomes essential for predicting a good welded joint. Accordingly, this study aims at investigating the influence of the spot welding variables, including the squeeze time, welding time, and current on the tensile-shear force of the similar and dissimilar lap joints for aluminum and steel sheets. It was concluded that the use of Taguchi design can improve the welded joints strength through designing the experiments according to the used levels of the input parameters in order to obtain their optimal values that give the optimum tensile-shear force as the response. As a consequence of the present work, the optimal spot welding parameters were successfully obtained.

6

Modal–Cotton Fibre Blend Ratio and Ring Frame Parameter Optimisation Through the Taguchi Method

Maheswaran R, Srinivasan V

Autex Research Journal

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2019

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Vol. 19, no. 1

86--96

EN

The influence of Modal–cotton (MC) fibre blend ratio and ring frame machine parameters such as front top roller loading and break draft on the blended yarn properties has been studied. Compact MC blended yarn samples of 14.75 tex with three different MC fibre blend ratio has been produced in a LR 6 ring spinning frame fitted with Suessen Compact drafting system. A robust design optimisation to minimise the variations of the output yarn properties such as blended yarn tenacity, yarn unevenness and hairiness caused because of the variations in the material as well as machine setting parameters is achieved through the Taguchi parametric design approach. It is found that the maximum compact MC blended yarn tenacity is 23.76 g/tex, which is influenced very much by MC fibre blend ratio but meagrely by top roller loading and break draft. Similarly, the minimum 9.54 U% and 3.59 hairiness index are achieved with 100:0 and 70:30 MC fibre blend ratio, respectively, at 23-kg top roller loading. Statistical ANOVA analysis is performed on the results and optimum values are obtained within the 95% confidential level through confirmation experiments.

7

Parametric study of electrochemical discharge drilling on ceramic material using Taguchi method

Pawar P., Kumar A., Ballav R.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 2, No 3

193--200

EN

The Electrochemical Discharge machining (ECDM) is a hybrid machining technology which is combined with electro discharge machining and electrochemical machining process. In this research, electrochemical discharge drilling operation is carried out on conventional ceramic tile by using a designed and manufactured ECDM setup. The experiments were performed as per design of experimental technique of Taguchi L27 orthogonal array using MINITAB 17 software. The important process parameters that have been selected are voltage, rotation and electrolyte concentration with output response as machining depth and diametric cut. From the observations, it is found that the voltage is the most significant parameter for the machining depth and diametric cut followed by electrolyte concentration and rotation.

8

Optimization of multistage artificial aging parameters on Al-Cu alloy mechanical properties

Tsamroh D. I., Puspitasari P., Andoko, Permanasari A. A., Setyawan P. E.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 87, nr 2

62--67

EN

Purpose: This research is aimed to describe heat treatment process by using multistage artificial aging for Al-Cu alloy with Taguchi method in Minitab 16 to optimize the heat treatment parameters. This research conducted due to the applied of aluminium alloy in automotive industrial and aircraft industrial that has good properties for fabrication. Design/methodology/approach: Methodology that use in this paper is experimental design with statistical approach. Three controllable parameters were selected, they were temperature aging, holding time of aging, and the number of stages. The hardness value and impact value after multistage artificial aging were chosen as quality characteristics. The experiment was performed using orthogonal arrays of L9 (33). Findings: The finding that resulted in this research are the most significant parameters that affected hardness and toughness value of Al-Cu alloy against multistage artificial aging. The optimal hardness and toughness for Al-Cu alloy were obtained with heat treatment at temperature 200ºC, holding time for 6 hours, with two stages artificial aging. Research limitations/implications: The limitation that found in this research is even optimal level had been determined, it is unable to determine the true optimal value of each design parameters. Practical implications: This optimization process can be applied in manufacture process in industrial without spend expensive cost and time. Originality/value: According to research result, can be understood that by conducting these experiments, the impact value and the hardness value of Al-Cu alloy increase with multistage artificial aging treatment.

9

The application of fuzzy logic integrated with Taguchi method in optimizing process parameter to reduce the time cycle

Gholizadeh H., Fazlollahtabar H.

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

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2018

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Vol. 42, nr 1-4

55--66

EN

Given the importance of quality and responsiveness of manufacturing companies to customers, the most important principle can be considered reducing the cycle time of the production process. Since preserving the quality standards in a disposable necessities manufacturer is important, the Fuzzy Taguchi method as a powerful design optimization tool is used to determine the quality and design of optimal control parameters. Because in the real world due to measurement errors and inaccuracies in information and uncertainty in processes, fuzzy concepts have been used. Therefore, in this study, the parameters for controlling the process of disposable essentials are optimized to reduce the time cycle. Also, S/N and ANOVA methods have been used to study the characteristics of process performance. The four control parameters affecting the feed rate of the sheet, the machine wind pressure, and the mold temperature and sheet thickness affect the quality of the process. And Taguchi Fuzzy is a systematic and efficient method that reduces the cycle time. Experimental results have been reviewed and presented to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in the Kach Company.

PL

Czas trwania cyklu procesu produkcyjnego jest jednym z podstawowych czynników zarówno zapewnienia wysokiej jakości produkcji jak również zmniejszenia czasu reakcji producentów na wymagania klienta. W pracy prowadzono optymalizację parametrów sterujących stosowanych w procesie produkcji wyrobów jednorazowego użytku dla skrócenia czasu cyklu produkcyjnego. Do badań przyjęto metodę Taguchiego z elementami logiki rozmytej. Uwzględniono w procesie optymalizacji wpływ błędów pomiarowych, niedokładność danych wejściowych oraz niepewność w ustaleniu prawidłowych wartości parametrów procesu. Stosowano w badaniach cztery parametry sterujące procesu: grubość arkusza tworzywa, prędkość podawania arkusza, ciśnienie robocze maszyny i temperaturę matrycy. Stosowano metodę S/N i analizę wariancji (ANOVA) dla oceny przebiegu procesu produkcyjnego. Wyniki analizy danych doświadczalnych były podstawą oceny efektywności optymalizacji procesu produkcyjnego w firmie Kach Company.

10

Optymalizacja parametrów napawania stali C45E drutem CastoMag 4554S z wykorzystaniem metody Taguchiego

Woźniak P., Starosta R.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

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2017

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nr 100

187--199

PL

Artykuł jest wstępem do serii badań, pozwalających dobrać najlepsze parametry napawania metodą GMA stali C45E drutem CastoMag 4554S. Próbki stali zostały przygotowane oraz wstępnie podgrzane do temperatury 300°C. Plan eksperymentu opracowano na podstawie metody Taguchiego. Celem przeprowadzenia optymalizacji był dobór odpowiednich parametrów technologicznych i uzyskanie najmniejszego udziału materiału podłoża w napoinie. Do analizy wyników wykorzystano regresję wielokrotną oraz metodę Taguchiego.

EN

The article is an introduction to a series of investigations that will allow to choose the best parameters of pad welding with GMA method of steel C45E by wire CastoMag 4554S. Steel samples were prepared and preheated to 300 degrees Celsius (C). The plan of experiment was developed on the basis of the Taguchi method. The purpose of the optimization was to select appropriate technological parameters and to obtain the smallest proportion of the substrate material in the padding weld. Analysis of the results was performed using multiple regression and Taguchi method.

11

Optimization of Process Parameters During End Milling and Prediction of Work Piece Temperature Rise

Bhirud N. L., Gawande R. R.

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2017

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Vol. LXIV, nr 3

327--346

EN

During the machining processes, heat gets generated as a result of plastic deformation of metal and friction along the tool–chip and tool–work piece interface. In materials having high thermal conductivity, like aluminium alloys, large amount of this heat is absorbed by the work piece. This results in the rise in the temperature of the work piece, which may lead to dimensional inaccuracies, surface damage and deformation. So, it is needed to control rise in the temperature of the work piece. This paper focuses on the measurement, analysis and prediction of work piece temperature rise during the dry end milling operation of Al 6063. The control factors used for experimentation were number of flutes, spindle speed, depth of cut and feed rate. The Taguchi method was employed for the planning of experimentation and L18 orthogonal array was selected. The temperature rise of the work piece was measured with the help of K-type thermocouple embedded in the work piece. Signal to noise (S/N) ratio analysis was carried out using the lower-the-better quality characteristics. Depth of cut was identified as the most significant factor affecting the work piece temperature rise, followed by spindle speed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to find out the significant parameters affecting the work piece temperature rise. ANOVA results were found to be in line with the S/N ratio analysis. Regression analysis was used for developing empirical equation of temperature rise. The temperature rise of the work piece was calculated using the regression equation and was found to be in good agreement with the measured values. Finally, confirmation tests were carried out to verify the results obtained. From the confirmation test it was found that the Taguchi method is an effective method to determine optimised parameters for minimization of work piece temperature.

12

Toczenie gwintu w stanie zahartowanym

Pytlak B.

Mechanik

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2016

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R. 89, nr 10

1474--1475

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dla toczenia gwintu falistego w stanie zahartowanym. Badania prowadzono w oparciu o metodykę Taguchiego, gdzie badano wpływ parametrów skrawania na siły skrawania i chropowatość powierzchni. Otrzymane wyniki badań wskazują na możliwość obróbki gwintu w stanie zahartowanym metodą toczenia.

EN

This paper presents results of the research for rope thread hard turning. The research was conducted according to the Taguchi methodology, where the influence of cutting parameters on cutting forces and surface roughness was investigated. The obtained results indicate the possibility of thread cutting by hard turning.

13

Metoda Taguchiego w projektowaniu przekładni zębatych z wykorzystaniem programu STATISTICA

Drewniak J., Tekiela K.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

3046--3054, CD2

PL

Artykuł przedstawia zastosowanie metody projektowania niezależnego (robust design) przekładni zębatych z wykorzystaniem teorii Taguchiego oraz metod projektowych z uwzględnieniem niezawodności. Analiza opiera się na wykorzystaniu macierzy ortogonalnych, współczynnika sygnał/szum (S/N), analizy zakłóceń i niezawodności w rozważaniach wytrzymałościowych. Na ich podstawie bada się charakterystyki niezawodnościowe na poziomie projektowania parametrów. Analizie poddano wytrzymałość kontaktową oraz na złamanie zębów kół zębatych w przekładni.

EN

The paper presents the use of independent design method (robust design) for a gear using Taguchi theory and design methods with regard to reliability. The analysis is based on the use of orthogonal matrix, ratio signal/ noise (S/N), interference analysis and reliability considerations of strength. On its basis the characteristics of the reliability of the design parameters were examined. The pitting and fatigue fracture of teeth of the gears were analyzed.

14

The use of the Taguchi approach to determine the influence of injection-moulding parameters on the properties of green parts

Berginc B., Kampuš Z., Šuštaršič B.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2006

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Vol. 15, nr 1-2

63--70

EN

Purpose: The paper is focused on the influence of injection moulding parameters on the properties of green parts in powder injection moulding. Because of the nature of this technology all the technological phases must be mastered. Design/methodology/approach: For the design of experiments (DOE) we used the Taguchi approach and the results were analysed with the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings: As is presented in the paper the injection moulding parameters have big influence on weight and dimensions of the green parts. The mould temperature, material temperature and holding pressure are the parameters which influence the dimensions most. The influence of cycle time has to be examined in further experiments. Research limitations/implications: It would also be advisable to conduct additional research on all the influential factors and their interaction. The factors would appear on three or more levels, which would make it possible to show the non-linear dependence of the output, and to optimize the process itself. Practical implications: The optimisation of injection moulding parameters gives better tolerances of both, the green parts and the sintered parts. Originality/value: Not much research work has been done to examine the influence of injection moulding parameters in PIM. With these experiments we upgraded our existing knowledge about the influence of the injection-moulding parameters on the dimensional accuracy of the green part, made from stainless steel 316L, and thus contributed to improving the process’s reliability.