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Morphological and genetic diversity of Isopyrum thalictroides L. (Ranunculaceae) populations of isolated forest fragments of different sizes in East Central Poland

Skrajna T., Kubicka H., Ługowska M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2015

Vol. 63, nr 1

23--37

Isopyrum thalictroides is classified as an indicator species of the socalled ‘old-growth forests’. It occurs in shady deciduous forests and is a characteristic species of the order Fagetalia silvaticae. In many parts of Europe and Poland, it is classified in Red Lists of endangered species with different threat levels. Studies of an occurrence of I. thalictroides were carried out in the years 2000–2002 and 2010–2012 to examine changes in the abundance and morphological and genetic diversity of populations inhabiting small mid-field forest fragments (populations 2–4) and a compact forest (1 population), all located in east central Poland. Isopyrum thalictroides cover declined drastically at all isolated sites (from 83 to 93%) whereas the whole species diversity of these phytocenoses increased. By contrast, in the compact forest both, the area occupied by I. thalictroides population and the total community composition only slightly changed over time. When I. thalictroides plants sampled from all studied sites were compared in terms of the biometrical characteristics, populations 3 and 4 were found to be most similar, population 1 was less similar and population 2 was the most different of all populations, probably due to strong anthropogenic pressure. Electrophoretic analysis of seed and leaf storage proteins of Isopyrum thalictroides obtained from the four sites demonstrated that the populations were quite similar genetically, no matter how distant they were from each another. Population 2 was the most diverse, followed by population 1 whereas populations 3 and 4 were the most similar. A decreasing genetic distance in the I. thalictroides population would lead to inbreeding as seed setting by the plants will be poorer and the seeds will be less viable, which will result in a lower number of plants per a given area. The decreased gene pool indicates that the population of I. thalictroides is threatened with extinction in this area. Therefore, it is warranted to undertake some conservation measures to protect the species; hence the need arises to monitor it.

Zmienność morfologiczna i polimorfizm białek zapasowych w liniach wsobnych żyta ozimego (Secale cereale L.)

Kubicka H., Carrillo J. M., Benito C.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Białostockiej. Ekonomia i Zarządzanie

2005

Z. 10

257-265

Badano 11 linii wsobnych żyta ozimego pokolenia S20 pod względem cech morfologicznych, biochemicznych i polimorfizmu białek zapasowych. Białka zapasowe w ziarniakach każdej linii wsobnej oznaczano metodą SDS-PAGE. Użyte do doświadczenia linie wsobne żyta charakteryzowały się znacznym zróżnicowaniem pod względem wszystkich analizowanych cech: wysokości roślin, długości kłosa, liczby i długości poszczególnych międzywęźli, liczby pięterek, liczby nasion w kłosie, masy 1000 ziaren i zawartości białka. Elektroforetyczna analiza białek zapasowych w badanych liniach wsobnych żyta wykazała również różnice pomiędzy nimi w liczbie prążków i ich masie cząsteczkowej. Cechy te ujawniały się w liniach wsobnych niezależnie od ich pochodzenia. Najbardziej zróżnicowane linie wsobne żyta oraz ich potomstwo wybrano do dalszych badań genetycznych na poziomie molekularnym DNA.

11 inbred lines of the winter rye generation S20 on account of morphological, biochemical and polimorphism traits were investigated. Storage protein in seeds of each inbred line were analysed using the SDS - PAGE method. The inbred lines of rye used in the experiment were characterized by a significant variability on account of all analysed features: the height of the plant, length of the spike, number and length of each internode, the number of layers of the spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grains weight and content of protein. Electrophoretic analyses of storage proteins in inbred lines showed a difference in the number of bands and their molecular mass. These traits appeared in the inbred lines regardless of their origin. The greatest variations of the inbred lines of rye were selected for further genetical research.