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1
Content available The usage of Poka-Yoka in industry 4.0 conditions
Wolniak Radosław
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2024
|
z. 191
613--628
EN
Purpose: The purpose of this publication is to present the usage of Poka-Yoka approach in Industry 4.0 conditions. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: The integration of Poka-Yoke with Industry 4.0 signifies a transformative leap in error prevention methodologies, aligning seamlessly with the objectives of advanced manufacturing. By merging the principles of Poka-Yoke with smart technologies like sensors, IoT devices, and real-time data analytics, a dynamic and sophisticated approach to error prevention emerges in the era of Industry 4.0. With applications ranging from simple visual cues to complex technological solutions, Poka-Yoke finds resonance across various industries, particularly in the automotive sector, where sensors and devices on assembly lines swiftly detect and rectify deviations, elevating both product quality and operational efficiency. The incorporation of artificial intelligence and machine learning in Industry 4.0 augments Poka-Yoke, enabling systems not only to identify errors but also to learn from them, fostering continuous improvement and adaptability in response to evolving production scenarios. Emphasizing proactive error prevention at the source, continuous improvement, and a commitment to training and education, the key principles outlined in Table 1 contribute to creating resilient, reliable processes delivering consistently high-quality outputs. Table 2 demonstrates the seamless integration of Poka-Yoke with Industry 4.0, showcasing technological advancements that collectively form an adaptive approach to error prevention and quality management. Additionally, Table 3 highlights the advantages of this integration, emphasizing improved quality control, operational efficiency, and adaptability in modern manufacturing environments. However, challenges outlined in Table 4, including complex implementation, data security concerns, high initial costs, interoperability issues, and skill gaps, necessitate strategic planning and investment in overcoming obstacles. In conclusion, the integration of Poka-Yoke with Industry 4.0 signifies a strategic evolution, where technology-driven error prevention, continuous improvement, and a commitment to quality converge to create resilient, adaptive, and highly efficient manufacturing systems, positioning this integration as a cornerstone for excellence in the evolving landscape of industrial production. Originality/value: Detailed analysis of all subjects related to the problems connected with the usage of Poka-Yoka in Industry 4.0 conditions.
2
Content available Modeling of resident space object light curves with blender software
Kudak Viktor, Perig Vasyl, Dzhumelia Viktor, Kryoka Oleksandr
Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy
|
2024
|
Vol. 59, No. 2
42--54
EN
Modeling the behavior and shape of space objects is widely used in modern astrophysical research methods. Such studies are often used to determine the shape and modeling of physical parameters of variable stars and asteroids. Therefore, based on the database of photometric observations of resident space objects (RSO) available in the Laboratory of Space Research of Uzhhorod National University, it was decided to find a means for modeling light curves to confirm the shape of objects and determine the parameters of their rotation by analogy with objects in deep space. We attempted to use Blender software to model the RSO synthetic light curves (LCs). While Blender has been a popular open-source software among animators and visual effects artists, in recent years, it has also become a tool for researchers: for example, it is used for visualizing astrophysical datasets and generating asteroid light curves. In the process of modeling, we used all the advantages of Blender software such as Python scripting and used GPU. We made synthetic LCs for two objects – TOPEX/Poseidon and COSMOS-2502. A 3D model for Topex/Poseidon was available on the NASA website, but after research of official datasheets, we figured out that the available 3D model requires corrections in the dimensions of the RSO body and solar panel. A 3D model of COSMOS-2502 was made according to available information from the internet. A manual modeling process was performed according to well-known RSO’s self-rotation parameters. For example, we also show the results of LC modeling using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. All synthetic LCs obtained in the research process are well correlated with real observed LCs.
3
Content available Development of Technologies for Mining Ores with Instable Hanging Wall Rocks
Pysmennyi Serhii, Chukharev Serhii, Kourouma Ibrahima Kalil, Kalinichenko Vsevolod, Matsui Anatolii
Inżynieria Mineralna
|
2023
|
no. 1
103--112
EN
Underground mines of Kryvyi Rih iron ore deposit apply room mining systems or systems with bulk caving of ore and overlying rocks in a ratio of 35% to 65%. Most mines prefer room mining systems with pillar caving due to high, technical and economic indicators. However, when mining certain areas, the problem arises of hanging wall rocks stability. Under the same mining and geological conditions of the deposit, stopes are stable in some areas, but in others waste rocks get in the stope from the side of the hanging wall when a slight exposure is created. Thus, in conditions of instable rocks of the hanging wall, development and improvement of the technology involving room mining is an urgent issue. Analysis of researchers reveals factors that significantly indluence stability of the hanging wall rocks and ore. The developed methods enable determining stability parameters and applying an improved option of room mining system in conditions of the instable hanging wall with the help of a protective ore pillar located at the instable hanging wall. Calculations performed demonstrate that application of the proposed mining system enables an increase in the iron content in the mined ore mass by 0.94%, the increased amount of the ore mass extracted and a profit of 18.73 thousand euros for the whole of a block.
PL
Kopalnie podziemne złoża rudy żelaza w Krzywym Rogu stosują systemy urabiania komorowego lub systemy z zawałem rudy i nadległych skał w stosunku 35% do 65%. Większość kopalń preferuje systemy eksploracji komorowej z zawałem filarowym ze względu na wysokie wskaźniki techniczne i ekonomiczne. Jednak podczas eksploatacji niektórych obszarów pojawia się problem ze stabilnością wiszących skał. W takich samych warunkach górniczo-geologicznych złoża stopnie na niektórych obszarach są stabilne, ale na innych skały płonne dostają się do stopu od strony wiszącej ściany, gdy powstaje niewielkie odsłonięcie. Dlatego też w warunkach niestabilnych skał wiszącej ściany pilnym zagadnieniem jest rozwój i doskonalenie technologii eksploatacji komorowej. Analiza badań ujawnia czynniki, które znacząco wpływają na stabilność wiszących skał i rudy. Opracowane metody umożliwiają wyznaczenie parametrów statecznościowych oraz zastosowanie udoskonalonego wariantu systemu eksploracji pomieszczenia w warunkach niestabilnej ściany wiszącej za pomocą filaru ochronnego rudy, znajdującego się przy niestabilnej ścianie wiszącej. Z przeprowadzonych obliczeń wynika, że zastosowanie proponowanego systemu urabiania umożliwia zwiększenie zawartości żelaza w wydobywanej masie rudy o 0,94%, zwiększenie ilości wydobywanej masy rudy oraz zysk w wysokości 18,73 tys. euro za cały blok.
4
Content available QHY-174M-GPS camera as the device for photometry of artificial satellites
Kudak Viktor, Perig Vasyl
Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy
|
2022
|
Vol. 57, No. 1
47--57
EN
In this paper, we make an attempt to use the QHY174M-GPS camera for the photometry research of fast-rotating artificial objects including debris, satellites and rocket bodies. This device is useful for imaging occultations, eclipses, meteors, and so on due to a highly precise recording of the time (GPS-based) and location of the observation on every frame and fast readout of the CMOS detector. The precision of time registration by the QHY174M-GPS camera is at the level of microseconds. All light curves obtained by studied camera during observations of artificial satellites in this work were carried out at Derenivka Observatory of Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine. The created photometric system with QHY174M-GPS camera as the detector and reflector telescope with parameters D=120 mm, F=114 mm, FOV=2.82°×1.76° was calibrated. For target observations, SharpCap software was used. For the purposes of photometry processing, ccd_phot software was developed using Python 3.8 programming language with astropy and photutils packages. Photometry observations of artificial satellites of the Earth and standard stars were carried out. Over 80 lightcurves of artificial satellites were obtained. Comparing synchronous observations from two sites, separated 15 km from each other, we can conclude that photometry on the QHY174M-GPS camera gave us the same shape of lightcurve and additional advantages, such as time of exposure or simplicity of usage.
5
Content available Methodical aspects of soil ecosystem services valuation
Latawiec Agnieszka E., Rodrigues Aline, Korys Katarzyna A., Medeiros Bruna
Agricultural Engineering
|
2022
|
Vol. 26, No. 1
39--49
EN
Ecosystem Services Valuation is an important tool for dialogue in the decision-making process and to highlight the society’s dependence on the biosphere for well-being. Soil is the primary source of ecosystem services such as the production of food and regulating the climate, however the methodological alternatives for valuing soil ecosystem services remain poorly studied. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate methodical aspects of ecosystem services valuation, with the special attention to soil services within agricultural context. We introduce frameworks specific for soil ecosystem services. Then, we present a case study where soil ecosystem services were evaluated within agricultural context. We conclude that such valuation represents the newest trend in soil science wherein soil resources are treated in the wider context of impacts on human well-being.
PL
Wycena Usług Ekosystemowych jest ważnym narzędziem dialogu w procesie podejmowania decyzji i podkreślania zależności społeczeństwa od biosfery dla dobrej jakości życia. Gleba jest głównym źródłem usług ekosystemowych, takich jak produkcja żywności i regulacja klimatu, ale metodyczne alternatywy wyceny usług ekosystemowych gleby pozostają słabo zbadane. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie aspektów metodologicznych wyceny usług ekosystemowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem usług glebowych w kontekście rolniczym. W artykule przedstawiono ramy specyficzne dla usług ekosystemowych gleby. Na wstępie pokrótce zaprezentowano przegląd usług ekosystemowych. Następnie omówiono główne koncepcje wyceny usług ekosystemowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wyceny ekonomicznej. W kolejnej części przedstawiono studium przypadku oceniające usługi ekosystemowe gleby w kontekście rolnictwa oraz zaproponowano metodologię wyceny korzyści płynących z ekosystemu glebowego. W podsumowaniu stwierdzono, że taka wycena reprezentuje najnowszy trend w gleboznawstwie, gdzie zasoby glebowe traktuje się w szerszym kontekście wpływu na dobrostan człowieka. Ponadto, niniejsze opracowanie podkreśla znaczenie badań, projektów i instytucji z z właściwym zrozumieniem definicji koncepcji usług ekosystemowych gleby (SES- z angielskiego: soil ecosystem services) i innych pokrewnych pojęć, takich jak właściwości, procesy i funkcje gleby.
6
Content available Początki kształcenia zdalnego w warunkach COVID-19 w Szkole Głównej Służby Pożarniczej
Wróbel Rafał, Boroń Sylwia, Bralewski Adrian
Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
|
2021
|
Nr 80 (tom 1)
145--174
PL
Artykuł opisuje uwarunkowania związane z rozpoczęciem kształcenia zdalnego w Szkole Głównej Służby Pożarniczej w sytuacji wprowadzenia czasowego ograniczenia funkcjonowania uczelni wyższych w marcu 2020 r. W artykule zawarto prawne podstawy działań wprowadzanych przez właściwych ministrów, stanowiące wyznacznik do formalizowania w uczelni rozwiązań wewnętrznych na rzecz organizacji kształcenia na odległość. W artykule zaprezentowano również rekomendacje wydane przez zespół dziekański, a także wyniki przeprowadzanych na bieżąco badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród nauczycieli akademickich. Zakres artykułu obejmuje okres do 25 maja 2020 r.
EN
The article portrays conditions related to the commencement of remote education at the Main School of Fire Service in Warsaw at a time when a temporary limitation of the functioning of universities in March 2020 has been introduced. The article outlines the legal basis for actions adopted by diverse ministers, which are a determinant for the formalization of internal solutions at universities for the organization of remote education. The article also presents recommendations issued by the dean’s team, as well as the results of the ongoing survey conducted among academic teachers. The scope of the article covers the period until May 25, 2020.
7
Content available Research methods and techniques in management practice in the era of Industry 4.0
Dźwigoł Henryk
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2021
|
z. 151
189--204
EN
Purpose: The aim of the article was to indicate research methods and techniques used in management practice while taking into account the assumptions of Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: In order to identify research methods and techniques, the author of the article made use of a survey questionnaire addressed to practitioners who were his target group: 52 foreign companies, 183 domestic companies. As a result of the research effort undertaken, the answers of 118 representatives of management science practitioners were analysed. Findings: The conclusions of the research indicated that the most important methods, according to management practitioners, were: observation, interview and documentation analysis. However, the most frequently used research techniques in practice include: analysis of business opinions, a probation period at the workplace, situation-related interview, knowledge test in a specific field, task-related behaviour samples, task skills test and analysis of informal client opinions. Research limitations/implications: At the stage of defining a research problem, it is now difficult to choose a single method that provides a complete and thorough diagnosis of the problem. It is, therefore, necessary to use a variety of research methods which provide a comprehensive response to the research problem posed. Practical implications: Optimization of strategic decision-making processes will depend on the situation the company is in. In a crisis situation, the most important thing is to make quick decisions triggering actions that would improve the company's competitive edge. That requires undertaking actions 'in parallel', i.e. not only reacting to the problems resulting from the current situation but also solving the issues related to the future, e.g. Industry 4.0, which is considerably difficult. Social implications: When analysing the obtained results, management practitioners stress that it is necessary to develop a model, procedure, tool, approach to the research process. Moreover, respondents also believe that the developed model, procedure, tool or approach in the selection of methods to the research process significantly affects the quality and practical use of research results. Originality/value: The analysis of the results clearly indicates the use of research techniques that are close to the task processes of companies and verify the competence of employees. Conclusions resulting from the analysis of national and foreign literature on research process methodology indicate the need to address the problem of using diversified research methods providing a comprehensive response to the problem posed in the context of Industry 4.0.
8
Content available remote Metody iniekcyjnego uszczelniania rys i złączy
Monczyński Bartłomiej
Izolacje
|
2021
|
R. 26, nr 4
82--87
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu są metody iniekcyjnego usuwania rys i złączy. Autor analizuje typy iniekcji uszczelniających, uszczelnianie rys i złączy w elementach konstrukcji budowlanych, zastosowanie materiałów iniekcyjnych pod ciśnieniem, przygotowanie konstrukcji do przeprowadzenia iniekcji, wypełnienie rys i pustek, postępowanie w przypadku elementów o dużej grubości, iniekcje pod ciśnieniem, iniektowanie rys i złączy wypełnionych wodą oraz uszczelnianie dylatacji. Dokonuje także przeglądu działań kontrolnych po zakończeniu iniekcji.
EN
The subject of the article are methods of removal of cracks and joints by injection. The author analyses the types of sealing injections, sealing cracks and joints in elements of building structures, the use of injection materials under pressure, preparation of the structure for injection, filling cracks and voids, handling of thick elements, injections under pressure, injection of cracks and joints filled with water and sealing expansion joints. The author also reviews post-injection control activities.
9
Content available Research processes and methodological triangulation
Dźwigoł Henryk, Dźwigoł-Barosz Mariola
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2020
|
z. 148
161--170
EN
Purpose: The aim of the article was to verify whether methodological triangulation supports research processes in management science. Design/methodology/approach: In order to verify the hypothesis, quantitative research (survey questionnaire) and qualitative research (interview questionnaire) were conducted. Quantitative research was addressed to a group of management science theoreticians being a target group. As a result of the research effort undertaken, 401 representatives of management science theoreticians were examined. Findings: The statistical conclusions of the research conducted among management scientists clearly show that a significant proportion (66%) believes that methodological triangulation is a necessary condition in the research process. Moreover, as many as 82% of the above mentioned respondents claim that triangulation supports the research process. Originality/value: It is necessary to use a variety of testing methods that provide a comprehensive response to the posed research problem.
10
Content available remote Wzrost ryzyka jako determinanta celowości wprowadzania innowacji w logistyce
Gontarczyk Mariusz, Marcinkowska Aleksandra
Systemy Logistyczne Wojsk
|
2020
|
Vol. 52, no. 1
29--41
PL
Sukces oraz rozwój przedsiębiorstwa zależy od wielu czynników ekonomicznych, społecznych, technicznych itp. Chcąc je osiągnąć, przedsiębiorstwa śledzą najnowsze trendy w zarządzaniu logistyką i łańcuchem dostaw oraz odpowiednio je wdrażają. W ostatnich latach można zaobserwować pewne zjawiska odwracające dotychczasowe trendy masowego wprowadzania innowacyjnych rozwiązań w logistyce. Obserwowane, dynamiczne zmiany otoczenia mają bezpośredni lub pośredni wpływ na podwyższenie zagrożeń w działalności gospodarczej – w tym w logistyce – powodując, iż firmy często z większą uwagą przyglądają się wdrażanym strategiom pod kątem zwiększonego ryzyka działalności.
EN
The success and development of a company depends on many economic, social and technical factors, etc. To achieve it, the companies follow the latest trends in logistics and supply chain management and implement them accordingly. In recent years, certain phenomena have been observed that reverse the current trends of mass introduction of innovative solutions in logistics. The observed, dynamic changes in the environment have a direct or indirect impact on the increased risks in business activities – including logistics – causing that companies often pay more attention to the implemented strategies in terms of increased business risk.
11
Content available Statement and Solution of Multicriteria Tasks of Database Modular Block-Schemes Development
Wojcik Waldemar, Kalizhanova Aliya, Akhmetov Sultan, Nabiyeva Gulnaz, Kozbakova Ainur
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
|
2020
|
Vol. 66, No. 1
237--242
EN
The paper considers developed and offered an effective algorithm for solving the block-symmetrical tasks of polynomial computational complexity of data processing modular block-schemes designing. Currently, there are a large number of technologies and tools that allow you to create information systems of any class and purpose. To solve the problems of designing effective information systems, various models and methods are used, in particular, mathematical discrete programming methods. At the same time, it is known that such tasks have exponential computational complexity and can not always be used to solve practical problems. In this regard, there is a need to develop models and methods of the new class, which provide the solution of applied problems of discrete programming, aimed at solving problems of large dimensions. The work has developed and proposed block-symmetric models and methods as a new class of discrete programming problems that allow us to set and solve applied problems from various spheres of human activity. The issues of using the developed models are considered. and methods for computer-aided design of information systems (IS).
12
Content available Methods of fractal analysis and phase trajectories for the improvement of identification of complex technical systems
Chovnyuk Y. V., Gumenyuk Y. O., Djachenko L. A., Ivanov E. A., Kravchyuk V. T.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement
|
2019
|
No. 2 (11)
41--50
EN
The procedure of the qualitative analysis of complex technical systems is discussed. One may use such methods of analysis for time series characterized the functioning of such systems. These time serious aren’t confirmed the hypothesis of trend existence. One may use at this qualitative analysis the methods of nonlinear dynamics and the theory of chaos. The basis for similar researches is Takens’s theorem. The randomness of the studied dynamical system as the model of the complex technical system given by time realizations is established by means of Lyapunov’s indicator. The state stability is estimated by Hausdorf’s fractal dimension and the fractality index. Visual evaluation of the time series was carried out by means of the phase trajectory restoration procedure. As a result of the analysis of the phase points in the phase space the split attractor is indicated, which gives the chance to speak about its bifurcation.
13
Content available Analysis of use of Methods and Quality Management Tools in a Group of Production Enterprises
Skuza Zbigniew
New Trends in Production Engineering
|
2019
|
Vol. 2, Iss. 2
241-253
EN
The publication presents the results of research on the scope of practical use of available methods and tools of quality management by enterprises. The analysis was based on surveys conducted at the Production Management Institute of the Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology of the Częstochowa University of Technology. The presented study applies only to the information collected so far as the research work commenced is still being continued. Currently, data (correctly completed questionnaires) has been collected from fifty one small, medium and large production companies located primarily in the Śląskie and Łódzkie region. Both the organizations surveyed for the needs of this project and the cases cited in the literature indicate that the group of the most commonly used tools and methods is quite limited and in a sense comes down to the most known. This situation may partly result from the specifics of the industry and the nature of production. In addition, providing questionnaire response suggestions (as examples, the most frequently used methods and techniques) may have influenced the choices made by the respondents. At the same time, in some cases, low awareness or insufficient substantive knowledge may have contributed to the belief among the respondents that the techniques are implemented in the enterprise while in reality these techniques have never been used. All remarks and observations noticed at this stage of the research will be taken into account in subsequent analyzes.
14
Content available remote Rola mechaniki płynów i hydrauliki w kształceniu inżynierów zaopatrzenia w wodę
Grabarczyk Czesław
Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna
|
2019
|
Nr 4
135--139
PL
Określono znaczenie mechaniki płynów i hydrauliki do opisu i obliczania zjawisk przepływowych w urządzeniach zaopatrzenia w wodę, jako podstawy do wymiarowana tych urządzeń. Rozważania zawężono do politechnicznego (uniwersyteckiego) kształcenia inżynierów, z wyłączeniem kształcenia w szkołach zawodowych. Przedstawiono: cele i charakterystykę kształcenia w uczelniach politechnicznych, znaczenie ogólnej i stosowanej mechaniki płynów i hydrauliki, założenia programowe i metodyczne wykładu oraz ćwiczeń laboratoryjnych. W zakończeniu przedstawiono konieczne warunki osiągania założonych celów kształcenia w zakresie stosowanej mechaniki płynów i hydrauliki.
EN
Fluid mechanics and hydraulics for the description and calculating for the flow phenomena in the installations of water supply were assumed as fundamental for dimensioning of these installations. The considerations were limited to university education of engineers excluding vocational schools. The presentations includes: the main goals and characteristics of technical universities education; the importance of general and applied fluid mechanics and hydraulics; the program and methodological assumptions of a lecture and lab classes. Finally, the obligatory conditions to fulfil, the assumed educational goals in the field of applied fluid mechanics and hydraulics were presented.
15
Content available Modelling and forecasting the workplace environmental physical factors values
Kruzhilko O., Cherneha R., Maystrenko V., Polukarov O., Kalinchyk V.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2019
|
Vol. 100, nr 1/2
21--33
EN
Purpose: To develop a mathematical model for predicting the workplace environmental physical factors values. Design/methodology/approach: Experimental measurements of the harmful and dangerous physical factors values of workplace environmental were carried out using special certified equipments. For each physical factor, 200 measurements were carried out. The workplace choice is justified by the employees’ survey and specialists’ expert evaluation results. Prediction methods that can be used to predict the workplace environmental physical factors values have been analyzed analytically. Working conditions assessment was carried out in accordance with the classification of working conditions for workplace harmfulness and danger, which function in Ukraine. Findings: For a preliminary assessment of the impact of environmental physical factors on workers, it is proposed to use the strict ranking method. It has been established that the proposed mathematical models for predicting the workplace environmental physical factors values (noise, dust, vibration, relative humidity) have an accuracy of more than 90% and can be used for planning measures to working conditions improve. Research limitations/implications: The results of a study of modelling and forecasting the workplace environmental physical factors values at the enterprise for the manufacture of glass and glass products at workplaces of transportation, preparation and mixing of materials are shown. Mathematical models for four physical factors are presented: noise, dustiness of air, vibration, relative humidity. Practical implications: Mathematical models make it possible to predict the environmental physical factors values (noise, vibration, dust, humidity) taking into account the specifics of the production process, assess the hazard class and harmfulness of working conditions at workplaces and justify the measures at labour protection. Originality/value: For the first time proposed by the mathematical models for predict the environmental physical factors values (noise, vibration, dust, humidity) taking into account the specifics of the production process.
16
Content available Study of the impact of surface roughness on wear resistance of ship machinery and mechanisms
Sharifov Z., Aliyev C.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
|
2018
|
nr 54 (126)
28--34
EN
The article deals with the influence of surface roughness, processed by various technological methods, on the wear-resistance characteristics of the surface layer of high-precision parts of ship machinery and mechanisms. It considers various technological methods of processing parts; rotary cutting, grinding with vibration damping, rotational honing, grinding with metered removal of surface material and elastic rolling. It was found that the application of rotational boring as a method of finishing not only forms an additional, highly wear-resistant surface layer on the surface of the parts, but also provides high productivity. The process of grinding with vibration damping significantly reduces the transfer of abrasive particles to the surface being treated, and improves the accuracy, quality and wear resistance of the surface layer. On rotational honing, the discontinuity of the cutting of individual grains is combined with the continuity of the chip formation process; the metal does not adhere to the working surface of the cutting part of the tool, and the temperature in the cutting zone decreases, resulting in a high-quality, wear-resistant surface layer on the parts. When lapping with dosed removal of the material of the surface layer, the optimum thickness of the highly-deformable surface layer is ensured, due to the possibility of controlling the abrasive action on the surface to be treated, which promotes the formation of a reliable, wear-resistant layer. Elastic rolling allows processing of non-rigid, thin-walled parts by stable, balanced, controlled forces, without reducing their accuracy, quality and wear-resistant characteristics.
17
Content available The essence of innovation - strategy for the implementation of innovation
Gierszewska E., Nadolny K.
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 2, No 3
175--180
EN
The article presents issues related to innovation, its meaning and objectives. The development of the concept of innovation over the years is presented. The division of innovation by the area of activity to which it refers was made. The essence of innovation is briefly discussed. On the example of a vehicle, the strategy of innovation implementation was also characterized. The methods and tools used during the implementation of innovations are presented. Computer modelling and simulations as well as other tools for implementation of innovations are characterized.
18
Content available Knowledge creation and solution generation methods in the design and management of rural development
Krakowiak-Bal A., Wdowiak W., Ziemiańczyk U.
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
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2018
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nr II/2
1--126
EN
The goal of the monograph was to: • show sample spheres of functioning and cooperation of institutions acting for rural development and principles of developing processes and procedures for organizing or modernizing information and knowledge as well as define adequate inventive methods for generating ideas, • elaborate on principles and rules of the methodology for generating ideas in the construction of options for solving problems, formulating criteria and conducting the evaluation of solution variants, selecting the optimal variant and implementing the chosen variant as the final result of the study, • distinguish the sample thematic areas of knowledge management in rural areas and define adequate methods of creativity and innovation, with pointing out the stages of appropriate methodologies and methods applied. The presentation of the typology and characteristics of inventive methods for generating solutions and creating knowledge, in the context of methodologies to improve organization of rural areas, which strengthen their competitiveness and innovation based on the principles of sustainable development, was assumed as the main research problem requiring a solution. Problems and methods for generating solutions were defined in conjunction with the study entitled “Organizational standards and rural development in the context of information and knowledge management” (Krakowiak-Bal, Wdowiak, Ziemiańczyk 2017 – subsection 3.3), and the issue of knowledge creation and corresponding methods with the study entitled “Knowledge management in rural development” (Krakowiak-Bal, Łukasik, Mikuła, Pietruszka-Ortyl, Ziemiańczyk 2017). These connections in the case of the aforementioned studies consisted in: • emphasizing the possibilities of applying heuristic methods in generating ideas of solutions presented in Chapter 2 and 3 of this monograph together with the methodologies and Anglo-Saxon methods of improving the organization, including rural areas, presented in the aforementioned Subchapter 3.3, and • emphasizing also the possibilities of applying the heuristic Japanese methods of continuous improvement in knowledge creation, presented in Chapter 4 of this monograph in conjunction with the Japanese methods of continuous improvement of the organization, presented in the aforementioned Subchapter 3.3, in the context of the second study cited above. Solutions generation is a fundamental element of the process of improving the organization, including the organization of rural areas, presented in the monograph. This activity is carried out through the following groups of activities: preparation and definition of a project problem, creation of solution variants and setting evaluation criteria, evaluating options and developing the best solution. Taking into account the review and defined research methodologies (Krakowiak-Bal, Wdowiak, Ziemiańczyk 2017, pp. 118-136), their stages in which solutions are generated can be pointed out. And so in: • the descriptive and improvement approach the stage was described as ‘the critical analysis and evaluation of the empirical material accumulated in the course of observation’, • the functional modeling approach the stage was expressed as ‘the analysis of the latest, model solutions’, • the diagnostic functional approach the stage was defined as ‘a method of idealization in finding optimal solutions’, • the general outline of the above approaches in view of J. Trzcieniecki – in the phase of ‘analysis and assessment of improvements’, • the classical methodology as ‘preparation of conditions and costs’, • the diagnostic methodology as ‘analysis and synthesis’, • the prognostic methodology as ‘building a reference system’ (in the context of purpose, entry, exit, course of organization process, environment, set of system elements), • the study of methods of work as ‘critical analysis and assessment of the facts’, • the analysis of values according to W. Biliński as ‘reflections – creative discussion” and “selection of the optimal solution’, • the analysis of values according to Z. Martyniak as ‘analysis of functions and searching for new solutions’, • the methodology of spatial organization of work as ‘analysis of solution variants’. Basic processes with the application of knowledge, also in rural areas, i.e. operational knowledge management tasks include (Krakowiak-Bal, Łukasik, Mikuła, Pietruszka-Ortyl, Ziemiańczyk 2017, p. 68 et seq.): • identification (localization of knowledge), • transfer (acquiring, disclosing, disseminating knowledge and sharing knowledge), • gathering (systematic collection of knowledge and its codification), • selection of sets of knowledge, • new knowledge creation, • combining sets of knowledge, • saving, or registration of knowledge in a codified form, • storage of knowledge carriers, • assessing the usefulness of knowledge, • applying knowledge (creating visions and concepts of action, solving problems and performing current tasks). Knowledge creation consists in the appropriate selection and use of the specificity of selected methods in knowledge management. This specificity concerns the Japanese methods of so-called continuous improvement in knowledge creation, presented in Chapter 4 of this monograph. The detailed layout of the study presented below was conditioned not only by the assumed aims of the elaboration, but also by the specificity of Anglo-Saxon epistemology, also referred to as the Western or the Japanese epistemology. The mainstay for the notion of knowledge in the western perspective, formulated on the basis of philosophy as ‘justified and true belief’, is the Plato’s idea stating that ‘absolute truth can be derived from rational reasoning based on certain axioms’. This was the cause of criticism by Aristotle who emphasized the pivotal role of sensual perception in this regard. However, the following issues contributed to the success of Plato’s approach (Nonaka, Takeuchi 2000): • Descartes’ rationalism, allowing skepticism with the conviction ‘I think; therefore I am’, • Locke’s empiricism, emphasizing experience as a source of ideas, dividing them into perceptions and reflections, • combination of empiricism with rationalism and Kant’s statement that not all knowledge results from experience, • the Hegelian dialectical unity of opposites, • introduction of interaction between the cognizer and the cognizing person as well as the relationship between man and the environment in Marx’s view, • linking knowledge strictly to Heidegger’s action, rejecting completely the thinking subject in the concept of Descartes, • pragmatism and the statement that ‘only the effective idea is true’, because ideas are devoid of values if they do not go into action, propagated by James. In turn, the Bacon’s concept of operational knowledge which emphasizes social effects and comprises the essence of civilization progress is the foundation of the organizational concept of knowledge in Japanese terms, formulated by I. Nonaka and H. Takeuchi (2000), exposing “the ability of the corporation as a whole to generate new knowledge, its dissemination and embodiment in products, services and systems”. These two perceptions of knowledge, the Anglo-Saxon and the Japanese, form the basis for differentiating in the study two different theoretical approach-es and practical applications of methods for generating solutions (Chapter 2 and 3) and for knowledge creation (Chapter 4). Chapter 1 of the study, consisting of three subchapters, is the background for reflection, emphasizing the role of heuristics, hermeneutics and semiology in the process of building a set of rules for creative thinking and presentation of solutions. The systems of thinking, heuristic and cognitive biases defined by D. Kahneman are the essence of this chapter. The considerations are complemented by hermeneutic analysis and exegesis, the indicated types of heuristics and their characteristics as well as the semiological aspects. Chapter 2, containing three subsequent subchapters, presents the characteristics and typology of selected inventive methods in the context of the basic concepts and evolution of methods. The criteria for division and typologies of the inventive methods precede the characteristics of selected inventive principles and solutions. The possibilities and principles of applying inventive methods are presented in Chapter 3. First, rural areas as the subject of the study are presented (Subchapter 3.1). In the subsequent subchapters theoretical foundations of the theory of creative thinking and knowledge creation (Subchapter 3.2) as well as the methodology of knowledge creation and creatics as the basic research tool (Subchapter 3.3) are discussed. Subchapter 3.4 presents the IDEAL model as the method for formulating decision problems. Inventive methods in organizational design are discussed in Subchapter 3.5 whereas the assumptions of the industrial inventics and the algorithm for inventive problems solving are described in Subchapter 3.6. Subchapter 3.7 concerning the methodology for generating solutions with the indication of inventive methods finalizes the chapter. Chapter 4 deals with corporate models of knowledge organization and methods of knowledge creation. The first group includes and defines the SECI spiral, the OPEC spiral and the DCCV spiral as well as the Gilbert, Probst, Raub and Romhardt’s model. The second one includes: the EDIS spiral of debate in the aspect of the double debate principle (4.2.1.), the Experimental EEIS spiral in the context of verification (4.2.2.), the Hermeneutical EAIR spiral in the context of reflection (4.2.3.), the Triple Helix spiral of knowledge creation processes (4.2.4), the ARME spiral of revolutionary knowledge creation (4.2.5.), the Knowledge Pentagram of Nakamori in the i-System approach (4.2.6.), the Nanadsudaki Septagram of seven spirals of knowledge creation (4.2.7) and the Creative Space model (4.2.8.). In the future, the thematic scope of the study should be enriched with further methods of creative thinking in management, knowledge creation and organization methods as well as considerations regarding models for intellectual resource management in rural organizations. The authors hope that the work will contribute to the dissemination of the inventive methods for generating solutions as well as knowledge creation and organization methods among employees of institutions co-contributing to rural development. It can also become a source of information and a textbook for learning about these methods for students at environmental and agricultural universities. Moreover, it might be a contribution to scientific research in this field.
19
Content available Metody rejestrowania głosu klienta we współczesnej wersji metody QFD
Ćwiklicki M.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2017
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z. 102
43--52
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sposobów rejestrowania głosu klienta (voice of customer) we współczesnej wersji metody QFD. W artykule najpierw przedstawiono rozumienie pojęcia „głos klienta”, a następnie dokonano przeglądu sposobów rozpoznania głosu klienta i przedstawiono wynik ich klasyfikacji. Opisano obszerniej tych z nich, które są rekomendowane do stosowania we współczesnej metodzie QFD. W zakończeniu podano wnioski z analizy dotyczące dominacji badań jakościowych, koncentracji na zbieraniu danych bezpośrednio od klienta i stosowania triangulacji metod i źródeł danych.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the methods of recording the voice of the customer (VOC) in the modern QFD. The paper presents the understanding of the term "voice of the customer" and a review of tools for recognition and recording the VOC. Next the methods were classified and those of them which are recommended for use in modern QFD were described in more details. At the end of the stated conclusions from the analysis regarding the dominance of qualitative research, focus on collecting data directly from the client and use triangulation methods and data sources.
20
Content available Analiza i doskonalenie jakości wyrobów w wybranym przedsiębiorstwie produkcyjnym
Kipigroch M., Półrolnik A., Kardas E.
Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji
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2017
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Vol. 6, iss. 9
9--23
PL
W artykule dokonano analizy jakości komponentów wybranego wyrobu i zaproponowano działania doskonalące. Wybranym produktem był moduł poduszki powietrznej do samochodów osobowych marki FORD. Dokonano analizy niezgodności występujących w wyrobie komponentach. W analizie wykorzystano następujące narzędzia i metody: analiza Pareto-Lorenza, metoda FMEA, diagram Ishikawy oraz metoda 5 x dlaczego ? Określono również możliwości działań doskonalących, które można wprowadzić, aby poprawić jakość wyrobów gotowych. Wyniki badań obejmowały okres 1 miesiąca kalendarzowego.
EN
The quality analysis of components of chosen product using selected tools improvement methods were proposed. Air bag module for FORD cars was the selected product. The analysis of non-conformances occurring in components of product was made. The following tools and methods were used in the analysis: Pareto chart, FMEA method, Ishikawa chart and 5xwhy ? The possibility of improvements actions that can be implemented to improve the quality of finished products were also identified. The analysis takes into account the actual results from the production process and covers the period of one calendar month.
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