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Mass and volume balances of nebulization processes for the determination of the expected dose of liquid medicines delivered by inhalation

Sosnowski Tomasz R., Janeczek Kamil, Grzywna Karolina, Emeryk Andrzej

Chemical and Process Engineering

2021

Vol. 42, nr 3

253–-261

The works presents the application of mass/volume balances of liquid drug converted into the aerosol during atomization in medical nebulizers. The amount of liquid that can be delivered to the respiratory system during inhalation is reduced compared to the nominal dose not only because of drug losses both in the device (the residual volume, RV) and outside the nebulizer (in the mouthpiece, mask, or tubings), but also to the limitations of the patient (periodic flow with limited capacity). The paper should help to understand the complexity of aerosol therapy widely used in asthma, COPD and other pulmonary diseases.