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Static analysis of thin plates by the boundary element method in a non-singular approach

Guminiak M.

Foundations of Civil and Environmental Engineering

2007

No. 9

75-93

The asphalt standard (PN-8-96025:2000) introduces requirements concerning weather and climatic conditions with built-in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). This standard is limited to lack of rainfall, ambient temperature (10°C - in layers up to 8.0 cm and 5°C -in layers above 8.0 cm) and wind speed (up to 16 m/s). Unconditional adherence to these principles means the closure of the building season as early as the end of September. However, practice shows that work carried out at lower ambient temperatures can be successful. The answer to "Why is it done this way?" can be found by analysing heat flow in the layer of the mineral-asphalt mixture submitted to environmental influences, thus allowing the scale of the impact of particular factors on heat losses in HMA to be known, and