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Polymer materials used in endodontic treatment - in vitro testing

Dobrzańska J., Gołombek K., Dobrzański L.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2012

Vol. 58, nr 2

110--115

Purpose: The paper contains the characteristics of dental materials used for filling the dental root canal as well as presentation of their selection according to the criteria suggested Grossman. Furthermore the paper includes tests on the materials intended to fill the root canal selected according to their attractiveness matrix, while the in vitro tests comprised selection of the most effective material obturating the internal space of the root canal. The filling tightness was assumed to be the effectiveness measure, in other words, tight fusion of the filling material and the root canal wall. Design/methodology/approach: An attractiveness matrix was created for the materials used to fill the root canals, using the weighted scores method for the preference analysis. The two materials selected were subjected to materialographic tests by means of SUPRA 35, HD scanning microscope from Zeiss and Stereo Discovery V12 stereoscopic light microscope with AxioCam HRC digital camera from Zeiss. Findings: Based on the analysis of attractiveness matrix results of materials used for filling dental root canal, two materials have been selected for further tests: gutta-percha matrix and matrix of polyester polymer materials. The gutta-percha matrix is characterised with perfect properties, including without limitation strength and relatively high quality level of the obturation. The matrix of polyester polymer materials, in turn, has a lower strength and relatively high level of filling quality. As a result of materialographic tests it was found that the material on gutta-percha matrix thermoplastically applied into the canal, along with the polymer sealer, enables tight fusion of the obturation material and the root canal wall. Practical implications: The materialographic test results suggest that the most effective root canal obturation material, due to the tightest obturation achieved, is the gutta-percha matrix material applied along with a polymer sealer, thermoplastically applied into the canal. The endodontic procedure carried out in the above way enables avoiding the tooth extraction and enables prosthetic or composite restoration of the tooth crown on its own pillar and is responsible for the patient’s functionality, beauty care and health. Originality/value: The application of matrix analysis in the field of endodontics (usually applied to management education and other) for evaluation of materials intended to obturate root canals.