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1
Zastosowanie skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej w badaniach materiałów inżynierskich
Boryło Paulina, Sozańska-Jędrasik Liwia, Gołombek Klaudiusz
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2019
|
R. 24, nr 2
6--13
2
Badania własności mechanicznych materiałów inżynierskich
Król M., Brytan Z.
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2018
|
R. 23, nr 3
20--24
3
Badania trybologiczne materiałów inżynierskich
Pakieła W., Bonek M., Pakieła K.
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2018
|
R. 23, nr 3
26--30
4
Content available Zastosowanie transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej w badaniach materiałów inżynierskich
Pawlyta M., Szindler M., Łukowiec D.
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2017
|
R. 22, nr 5
6--10
5
Content available Symulacja obróbki plastycznej materiałów inżynierskich z wykorzystaniem symulatora Gleeble 3800
Borek W.
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
|
2017
|
R. 22, nr 4
24--29
6
Content available Long-Term Development Perspectives of Selected Groups of Engineering Materials Used in the Automotive Industry
Tański T., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz A. D., Labisz K., Matysiak W.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2014
|
Vol. 59, iss. 4
1717--1728
EN
The purpose of the article is to present the results of comparative quantitative analysis of selected materials (steel, magnesium and aluminium alloys) and manufacturing technologies, to indicate their development outlooks and to present its application opportunities particularly in the automotive industry. Moreover in this article describes the application of the computer-integrated prediction of development for objectivised selection of a material and surface treatment technology, so that product properties can be achieved as are expected by a client. In a broad array of applications of the computer-integrated prediction of development in the field of material engineering, including materials surface engineering, experiment planning can be distinguished, usually including the selection of: a research material, surface treatment technology, construction solution and/or methods to review the final outcome achieved against the anticipated outcome. A material for the planned materials science experiments and its surface treatment technology, the application of which contributes most to meeting the high requirements set by a prospect product used, was selected in this work using a dendrological matrix of technology value. The dendrological matrix falls into to a group of contextual matrices allowing presenting graphically a quantitative assessment of the factor, phenomenon or process investigated while taking into account two analysis factors placed on the X and Y axis of the matrix. An evaluation classifying the three groups of materials analysed, i.e. casting magnesium alloys, casting aluminium alloys, constructional steels and their surface treatment technologies, to the individual quarters of the matrix was made based on the results of own materials science and heuristic experiments supported with a review of the literature. Considering the three groups of materials subjected to an expert assessment using a dendrological matrix being inherent part of materials surface engineering development prediction methods. Aluminium cast alloys has achieved here the best position. It was further demonstrated that laser treatment is a technology with the highest potential and attractiveness in the context of applying aluminium casting alloys for surface treatment. The metallographic examinations carried out give grounds to state that the ceramic powder alloying or feeding process will be carried out successfully in case of the aluminium alloy substrate, the powder particles will be distributed uniformly in the investigated surface layer, and that the particular layers is without cracks and failures and tightly adhere to the cast aluminium material matrix. With regard to the above, dynamic development achieved by exploitation of numerous application and development opportunities, especially strong prospects in the automotive industry, aviation industry, military sector, sport sector and in civil engineering is a recommended by appliance of long-term action strategy.
PL
Głównym założeniem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników opracowanej ilościowej analizy porównawczej wybranych grup materiałów inżynierskich (stali, stopów magnezu i aluminium) oraz technologii ich obróbki, w celu określenia perspektyw rozwoju oraz możliwości zastosowania badanych materiałów w szczególności w przemyśle motoryzacyjnym. Ponadto w artykule opisano zastosowanie analizy komputerowej pozwalającej na prognozowanie dalszego rozwoju opisywanych grup materiałów oraz technologii ich obróbki powierzchniowej, pozwalającej na uzyskanie oczekiwanych przez klienta własności produktu. W szerokim wachlarzu zastosowań komputerowo-zintegrowanej predykcji rozwoju w dziedzinie inżynierii materiałowej, w tym inżynierii powierzchni, wyróżnić można poszczególne stadia planowania eksperymentu, obejmujące zazwyczaj dobór m.in.: materiału do badań, technologii obróbki powierzchniowej materiałów, zastosowanych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych i/lub metody oceny wyników końcowych oraz ich porównanie z wynikami podlegającymi predykcji. Materiały do badań oraz technologie ich obróbki powierzchniowej, których zastosowanie w szerokim zakresie zaspokaja wysokie wymagania klientów odnosnie aplikacji, zostały wyselekcjonowane przy użyciu matrycy dendrologicznej uwzględniającej założone parametry technologiczne. Matryca dendrologiczna zaliczana jest do grupy macierzy kontekstowych pozwalających na graficzna prezentacje oceny ilościowej danego współczynnika, zjawiska lub badanego procesu, biorąc pod uwagę dwa czynniki analizy umieszczone na osiach X i Y matrycy. Klasyfikacja trzech grup analizowanych materiałów, w tym odlewniczych stopów magnezu, stopów aluminium i stalikonstrukcyjnych oraz technologii ich obróbki powierzchniowej, do poszczególnych ćwiartek matrycy dendrologicznej dokonano na podstawie wyników badań własnych materiałów oraz eksperymentów heurystycznych wspieranych studium literaturowym. Na podstawie wykonanej analizy ilościowej, prezentowanej w artykule najwyżej ocenione zostały odlewnicze stopy aluminium. Stwierdzono także, że obróbka laserowa jest technologią o najwyższym potencjale i atrakcyjności w kontekscie obróbki powierzchniowej odlewniczych stopów aluminium. Przeprowadzone badania metalograficzne dają podstawę do stwierdzenia, że stopowanie lub wtapianie laserowe z zastosowaniem proszków ceramicznych będzie realizowane z powodzeniem w przypadku podłoża aluminiowego, cząstki proszku będą rozprowadzane równomiernie w badanej warstwie powierzchniowej, poszczególne warstwy będą pozbawione wad i pęknięć oraz będą ściśle przylegały do osnowy aluminiowej. Mając na uwadze powyższe przesłanki należy pamiętać, że dynamiczny rozwój w zakresie aplikacji oferowanych w szczególności przez branżę motoryzacyjną, przemysł lotniczy, sektor wojskowy, sportowy oraz sektor z zakresu inżynierii lądowej bardzo często wymaga stosowania strategii związanej z działaniem długoterminowym.
7
Content available remote Non-destructive methods of quality assessment of permanent joints of polymer materials
Szymiczek M., Wierzbicki Ł.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 61, nr 1
29--38
EN
Purpose: The purpose of the research was the verification of usefulness of selected non-destructive testing methods as tool of assessement of permanent joints of elements with variable thickness and geometry. Design/methodology/approach: The research was conducted with the use of samples prepared from the components used for strengthening the car seats. The elements were made from low-density polyethylene, applying the injection technology, and then butt welded. The quality assessment was conducted with the use of selected non-destructive methods - visual, thermal imaging, shearography inspection and 3D scanning. In order to verify the quality of the welds, tensile strength tests were conducted. Findings: The research conducted will indicate, within the researched scope, the method, which allows the identification of flaws of permanent joints. Research limitations/implications: Within the frame of the work we limited ourselves to the analysis of geometry of weld performed with the application of the method of butt welding. The exact assessment of quality of the joints performed requires additional tests which take into account the properly welded comparative samples and other non-destructive methods. Practical implications: The application of non-destructive methods of quality assessment, particularly spatial scanning, allows the assessment of quality and exact dimensioning of flash both from outside (visible) and outside of the element. Originality/value: The work presents the innovative application of spatial scanning 3D for the assessment of flash geometry achieved as the result of butt welding.
8
Content available remote Finite Element Method application for modelling of internal oesophageal prosthesis
Nowak A., Dobrzański L. A., Rybczyński R., Mech R.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 64, nr 2
198--204
EN
Purpose: The general topic of this paper is the computer simulation with the use of finite element method for determining the internal stresses in the internal oesophageal prosthesis based on long-fibre composite material. Design/methodology/approach: Modelling of stresses in the internal oesophageal prosthesis was performed with the help of finite element method in ANSYS environment. Application of Finite Element Method was discussed and essential advantages resulting from application of it are pointed Findings: The presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its usability for determining the stresses in the internal oesophageal prosthesis, employing the finite element method using the ANSYS program. The computer simulation results correlate with the experimental results. Research limitations/implications: Applied Finite Element Method enables modelling of stresses and deformations arises in composite material in the conditions representing real experimental investigations as well as condition similar to those prevailing in human body after prosthesis implementation. Originality/value: Developed simulation simplifies and reduces cost of optimization of the internal oesophageal prosthesis properties by simulation of this properties without necessity of additional laboratory investigations.
9
Content available remote Computer aided image analysis of nanocomposites microstructures
Bilewicz M., Palcek P., Tański T., Markovicova L.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 64, nr 2
192--197
EN
Purpose: Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy with polarization has been used for observation cross sectioned samples of nanocomposites with developed layered region, visible in the polarized light; Purpose of this work was to focus on investigation of nanocomposites, with polyolefin matrix and nanometric 2:1 silicate reinforcement, as future engineering materials, Design/methodology/approach: Process of injection molding has been used to manufacture nanocomposites; conventional mold equipped with special hydraulic pressure system and connected to external computer for controlling flow movements inside mold cavity Findings: Layered region, with medium thickness of layer equal to 200 microns, obtained due to the melt manipulation of polymer, improved fracture toughness of investigated nanocomposites; nanoparticles located in the matrix make llalom-like crack propagation extending fracture due to bypassing parallely oriented nanoclay tactoids Research limitations/implications: Specimen shape used in the experiment is rectangular and obtained data of investigated specimens approve very good reinforcement along specimen, application of mre complicated shapes may perturb uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the matric and affect mechanical properties Practical implications: Application developed injection moulding technique and nanomaterials gives possibility to obtain layered region with raised toughness and simultaneously obtain cheaply nanocomposites, thanks to economical technology of manufacturing and commercially available polyolefins at low price Originality/value: Accordingly to increment of plastic market and its upward tendency, wide range of products and applications (and still increasing) in different sectors including medical, household appliances, furniture, automotive, aerospace, electronics and buildings.
10
Content available remote Composite materials with the polymeric matrix applied to ballistic shields
Rojek M., Szymiczek M., Stabik J., Mężyk A., Jamroziak K., Krzystała E., Kurowski J.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2013
|
Vol. 63, nr 1
26--35
EN
Purpose: The purpose of the series of research is drawing up an alternative armour plate with the composite structure, which would be resistant to 7.62 and 5.56 caliber bullets fired from the weapons the Polish army is equipped with. Design/methodology/approach: The research embraced the composite materials with epoxy matrix reinforced with the fiberglass in the shape of mat or fabric, and steel mesh. Three sheets of epoxy-glass composite were made on which ceramic panels were glued. Findings: The result of the presented work is the assessment of the quality of examined samples. As a criterion was adopted the behaviour of the material under the shellfire, its defragmentation, puncture and destruction. Research limitations/implications: The research was limited to composite materials with the epoxy matrix and reinforcement of fiberglass in the form of mat or fabric. In the next stage of the research the application of aramid fibers reinforcement is planned. Practical implications: Practical implications Worked out the construction material systems make the basis for further analysis and optimization of materials applied as the alternative for heavy army vehicles. Such application enables the minimization of the weight of a vehicle. Originality/value: Paper presents innovative composites polymer materials applied for ballistic protection of lightweight armed vehicles.
11
Content available remote Szacowanie czasu propagacji fal dźwiękowych w ośrodkach materialnych za pomocą metody Dijkstry
Perkowski Z., Gozarska K.
Roczniki Inżynierii Budowlanej
|
2012
|
z. 12
43--48
EN
A proposition of method enabling an estimation of wave propagation time from point to point (but without refection) in material media is presented in the work. The calculating procedure is based on Fermat’s principle and Dijkstra’s algorithm and it is relatively quick and easy for its implementation by means of individual computer code. It can be used effectively in optimization methods oriented on reconstruction of damage state in engineering structures basing on time-of-flight measurements for mechanical waves.
12
Content available remote Carbon materials as fillers for polymer matrix composites
Stabik J., Rojek M., Suchoń Ł., Mrowiec K.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2012
|
Vol. 53, nr 1
29-37
EN
Purpose: Paper presents different types of carbon materials used as modifiers for polymer matrix composites. The article contains summary description of the available varieties of carbon materials from brown and hard coal to the carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. Design/methodology/approach: The aim of the publication is to present different forms of carbon materials, their origins and ways of creation. Paper summarizes also basic properties and possible applications of carbon materials as components of engineering polymeric composites. Findings: Paper especially focuses on types of hard coal (mine coal) as potential fillers for polymers. These materials and their properties and applications were studied in detail by the authors in previous researches. Research limitations/implications: Analysis of the literature and authors’ own research results indicate that carbon materials as fillers can essentially improve many different properties of polymer matrix composites but still have to be extensively searched to fully evaluate their characteristics and possible applications. Practical implications: Particular attention should be directed to the use of mined coal as a properties modifier of polymers because of its interesting properties, low prize and availability in Poland. Originality/value: New types of carbon materials as polymer fillers, their properties and application possibilities are presented.
13
Content available remote Metoda wyznaczania dyfuzyjności cieplnej na podstawie pomiarów termowizyjnych. Podstawy teoretyczne
Perkowski Z.
Roczniki Inżynierii Budowlanej
|
2010
|
z. 10
71--76
EN
A theoretical background of new method for thermal diffusivity measurements is presented in the work. It employs thermograms form a IR camera and consist in a determination of thermal diffusivity directly from the classical heat equation in the sourceless case. It utilises an assumption that temperature may be described as the Fourier series in a body during cooling in the homogeneous boundary conditions described by the Newton law and only the first summand in the series is meaningful for sufficiently big Fourier number (Fo>0.3). Thanks to it temperature measurements on the plane surface of investigated body made by a IR camera are sufficient for the method because the second partial derivative of temperature function in the direction perpendicular to the surface of body may be expressed as a linear function of temperature. In such situation all temperature quantities in the heat equation of the points on the external surface of the body may be calculated (with use of proper formulas on the finite differences) at basing on the data recorded by a IR camera during the cooling process. Finally the thermal diffusivity and factors form the introduced linear dependence between temperature and the second partial derivative of temperature in the perpendicular direction to the surface of body may be determined form system of equations obtained from the modified heat equation given at three different points on the surface.
14
Content available remote Selection of cutting fluids in machining processes
Cakir O., Yardimeden A., Ozben T., Kilickap E.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2007
|
Vol. 25, nr 2
99-102
EN
Purpose: During machining operation, friction between workpiece-cutting tool and cutting tool-chip interfaces result high temperature on cutting tool. The effect of this generated heat affects shorter tool life, higher surface roughness and lowers the dimensional sensitiveness of work material. This result is more important when machining of difficult-to-cut materials, due to occurrence of higher heat. Design/methodology/approach: Different methods have been reported to protect cutting tool from the generated heat during machining operations. The selection of coated cutting tools are an expensive alternative and generally it is a suitable approach for machining some materials such as titanium alloys, heat resistance alloys etc. Another alternative is to apply cutting fluids in machining operation. They are used to provide lubrication and cooling effects between cutting tool and workpiece and cutting tool and chip during machining operation. Hence the influence of generated heat on cutting tool would be prevented. Findings: As a result, important benefits would be achieved such longer tool life, easy chip flow and higher machining quality in the machining processes. The selection of cutting fluids should be carefully carried out to obtain optimum result in machining processes. Various factors are affecting the selection of cutting fluid type in machining operation such as type of workpiece materials, cutting tool material and the method of machining processes. Research limitations/implications: In this study, the selection of cutting fluids for machining processes was examined. The effects of workpiece material, cutting tool and machining process type were determined in detail. Originality/value: In this study, the studies about cutting fluid application in machining processes have been evaluated. The selection criteria of cutting fluids have been examined. Suitable cutting fluids for various material machining processes have been determined according to cutting tool materials.
15
Content available Nowe materiały w ochronie i konserwacji zabytków
Hydzik J., Czaja P.
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
|
2006
|
R. 30, z. 4
21-27
PL
Obiekty zabytkowe ulegają ciągłemu procesowi degradacji na skutek różnych czynników zewnętrznych oraz wskutek naturalnego starzenia się komponentów. W związku z tym coraz więcej zespołów zabytkowych wymaga kosztownych i skomplikowanych zabiegów konserwatorskich. Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie właściwości najnowocześniejszych materiałów stosowanych do ochrony powierzchni, wzmocnień konstrukcji oraz poprawy warunków cieplnych.
EN
Monuments objects are influenced by permanent degradation process as a results of differently external agents and natural grow old of a components. In connection with this, more and more monuments require very expensive and complicated repair. This paper presents characteristics of the newest materials, which we use for protecting surfaces, strengthening building structures and improvement of thermal conditions.
16
Odporność na cykliczne utlenianie pokryć dyfuzyjnych Al-Si naniesionych na stop TiAlCrNb metodą ArcPVD.
Swadźba L., Maciejny A., Mendala B., Moskal G., Jarczyk G.
Inżynieria Materiałowa
|
2002
|
R. XXIII, nr 5
395-400
PL
Jednym z najważniejszych materiałów inżynierskich, mogących zastąpić nadstopy na bazie niklu w zastosowaniach lotniczych, są stopy na osnowie fazy międzymetalicznej gamma-(TiAl). Stopy te jednak wykazują silną skłonność do wytwarzania w warunkach utleniania raczej zgorzeliny rutylowej, niż ochronnej warstewki Al2O3. Wraz ze zmniejszeniem zawartości aluminium w stopie spada również jego odporność na utlenianie. Artykuł ten przedstawia wyniki badań odporności na utlenianie cykliczne stopu gamma-(TiAl) bez pokrycia, jak i z dyfuzyjnym pokryciem Al-Si. Pokrycie ochronne zostało osadzone metodą ArcPVD w dwóch etapach. Pierwszy z nich polegał na wytworzeniu warstwy AlSi. W drugim etapie zrealizowano proces wytworzenia pokrycia dyfuzyjnego TiAlSi w komorze próżniowej. Po osadzeniu pokrycia wykonano również obróbkę cieplną, polegającą na ujednorodnieniu w temperaturze 950 stopni Celsjusza przez 2 godziny. Próbę cyklicznego utleniania wykonano w 950 stopniach Celsjusza. Całkowita liczba cykli wynosiła 2400, pomiaru masy próbek dokonywano po każdych 100 cyklach. Dokonano uzyskanych wyników. Zrealizowano badania składu chemicznego, morfologii i rozkładu pierwiastków stopowych przy użyciu technik EDX, XRD i SEM zarówno w pokryciu Al-Si jak i w warstwie utlenionej.
EN
One of the candidates to replace superalloys in some engine applications is gamma-(TiAl) which is characterized by a density almost half of that for superalloys. Titanium aluminides exhibit a strong TiO2 forming tendency rather than formation of the protective Al2O3 at high temperatures. The oxidation resistance is further reduced with decreasing Al content. The article presents research results of cyclic oxidation of gamma-(TiAl) alloy with Al-Si coatings and without coatings. Protective coatings were deposited by Arc-PVD method in two steps. In the first one the AlSi layer was deposited. In the second step the temperature of samples in vacuum chamber was increased and diffusion TiAlSi coating was formed. After coating deposition the heat treatment of samples in vacuum was made. The temperature of heat treatment was 950 degrees centigrade and the time 2 hours. At temperature of 950 degrees centigrade cyclic oxidation tests were carried out. The time of reaching the temperature and cooling was 5 minutes. Mass changes of the specimens were recorded every 100 cycles. The total number of cycles amounted to 2400. Phase composition, morphology and the distribution of elements were defined by EDX, XRD and SEM in AlSi layers as well as in the scale.
17
Content available remote Właściwości wybranych materiałów stosowanych w tribotechnice
Grądkowski M., Korzysta E., Matuszewska A.
Problemy Eksploatacji
|
1999
|
nr 4
243-261
PL
Omówiono wybrane właściwości materiałów inżynierskich, takich jak: metale, stopy, ceramika oraz polimery, wskazując na powiązanie pomiędzy ich właściwościami makroskopowymi a różnicami struktury na poziomie atomowym.
EN
This paper presents review of some properties of engineering materials such as metals, alloys, ceramics and polymers. The connection between theirs macroscopic properties and differences of their structure on atomic level was showed.
18
Materiały inżynierskie do budowy kontenerów
Kotowska I., Haligowski M.
Budownictwo Okrętowe i Gospodarka Morska
|
1999
|
nr 2
27-31
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