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Evaluation of continuous filament mat influence on the bending behaviour of GFRP pultruded material via Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry

Benfratello S., Fiore V., Palizzolo L., Scalici T.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2017

Vol. 17, no. 1

169--177

Pultrusion is a process allowing the production of unidirectional (roving) fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) structural elements with constant cross section. Recently, also civil engineers focused their attention on pultruded composite materials as alternative to traditional ones (e.g., concrete, steel). Furthermore, to improve the transverse strength and stiffness with respect to the fibres direction, continuous filament mat (CFM) is often placed within the stacking sequence. The CFM influence on the global mechanical behaviour is not considered by appropriate actual international standards. In this paper, the influence of the CFM layers on the mechanical behaviour of glass fibres pultruded composite material is investigated. In particular, the bending behaviour is analyzed by performing a four-point bending test on specimens extracted from an H-shape member. The experimental analysis was carried out via Electronic Speckle-Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) (handled by phase-stepping technique) to obtain a full-field displacement map and to numerically achieve the longitudinal strains. By imposing the equilibrium conditions and assuming the compression and tensile roving Young's moduli as constant, the CFM Young's moduli are determined. Finally, the mean stress acting on the material is obtained showing that CFM layers have to be considered to correctly evaluate the maximum stress and to optimize the design phase.

Mats for Removing Technical Oil Contamination

Wrześniewska-Tosik K., Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Mik T., Wieczorek D., Pałczyńska M

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

2012

Vol. 20, no. 6B (96)

101--106

The aim of the investigation was to design and prepare a fibrous mat containing chicken feathers as an active filling to absorb spills of petroleum derivatives. The fibrous mat used to remove petroleum contamination consists of an active layer from chicken feathers (the main waste from poultry plants), placed between two layers of hydrophobic material of PP or PES in the form of nonwovens. The mata designed are characterised by excellent sorption of a wide range of hydrophobic petroleum substances, selectivity (sorption of liquid immiscible with water) and subdivision even at the highest saturation of the mat. Oil binder mats based on chicken feathers have been found to be highly effective in absorbing spilled oil from water surface. The material can be used, directly on a water surface regardless of weather conditions, as well as on other surfaces such as concrete or asphalt to fight leakages of oily substances. The mats are light, easy to store and use, and inexpensive. Apart from sorptive proprieties of the mats designed, the possibility of biological utilisation of petroleum contamination by means of a bioremediation method was introduced in the article.

Celem badań było otrzymanie maty włóknistej do usuwania wycieków substancji ropopochodnych Mata włóknista do usuwania ropopochodnych zanieczyszczeń składającej się z warstwy aktywnej zbudowanej z rozdrobnionych piór drobiowych, umieszczonej między dwiema warstwami hydrofobowego materiału z PP, lub PES w postaci włókniny, dzianiny lub siatki. Mata taka charakteryzuje się doskonałą sorpcją substancji ropopochodnych, selektywnością (sorpcja cieczy niemieszających się z wodą) oraz niezatapialnością nawet w stanie najwyższego nasycenia maty. Pióra drobiowe zastosowane jako pochłaniacz ropy okazały się bardzo skuteczne w usuwaniu zanieczyszczeń olejowych z powierzchni wody. Oprócz właściwości sorpcyjnych, w artykule przedstawiono możliwości biologicznej utylizacji zanieczyszczeń ropopochodnych osadzonych na piórach.