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Screw Extrusion as a Scalable Technology for Manufacturing Polylactide Composite with Graphene Filler

Kaczor Daniel, Bajer Krzysztof, Raszkowska-Kaczor Aneta, Krasinska Oksana, Domek Grzegorz, Szroeder Paweł

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 2

226--237

EN

The use of carbon nanomaterials as fillers in the process of obtaining polymer composites by extrusion poses many problems. The high agglomeration ability and low bulk density of carbon nanomaterials do not allow to easy production of composites characterized by very good dispersion of the filler in the polymer matrix, which is required to obtain a high-quality product. The advantage of this type of fillers is that the improvement of the composite properties can be achieved even at a low degree of filling. In this article, we describe a method for obtaining polylactide composites with a nanofiller in the form of graphene nanoplatelets. To overcome the difficulties associated with the use of graphene, we divided the process of obtaining composites into two stages. In the first stage, we made a masterbatch containing 25 wt.% graphene, from which, in the second stage, we obtained target composites containing from 0.1 to 2 wt.% graphene. A twin-screw extruder was used in both stages. The tested filling levels had no significant impact on the recorded processing parameters. The composites obtained by the described method are characterized by good dispersion of graphene. However the graphene agglomerates can be observed in the polymer matrix. Composites were tested by SEM, FTIR, DSC and MFR methods. Mechanical tests such as static tension, three-point bending, impact strength showed that the addition of 0.5 wt% of graphene improves tensile strength by 10 %, Young's modulus by 19 % and both flexural strength and flexural modulus by 15 %. The carbon filler has an impact on crystallization process of the polymer matrix by acting as a nucleating agent.

2

Screw Extrusion as a Scalable Technology for Manufacturing Carbon Nanotube-Filled Polylactide Composites

Kaczor Daniel, Bajer Krzysztof, Raszkowska-Kaczor Aneta, Domek Grzegorz, Schroeder Paweł

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 3

99--110

EN

The bottleneck in the widespread use of carbon multiwall nanotube polymer composites is the lack of manufacturing technology that can be used on an industrial scale. In this article, we describe a two-step composite manufacturing technology based on screw extrusion that produces composites characterizing with good dispersion of carbon nanotube filler in polylactide matrix. The first stage involved the fabrication of highly filled masterbatches of 25 wt% of carbon nanotubes. In the second stage, by screw extrusion of the masterbatch mixture with neat polymer, we obtained homogeneous composites with the target filler concentration. The resulting composites with nanotube content ranging from 0.1 to 2 wt%. Mechanical tests including static tension, tensile strength, tensile modulus, three-point bending and impact strength has shown that optimal concentration of the carbon nanotube filler is ranged between 0.5 and 1 wt%. Samples were examined also by SEM, FTIR-ATR, DSC and MFR methods.

3

Wykorzystanie regeneratu butylowego w przedmieszkach stosowanych do produkcji mas uszczelniających

Czakaj J., Rajkiewicz M.

Elastomery

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2015

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T. 19, nr 3

35--38

PL

Wstępnie usieciowane mieszanki kauczuku butylowego (IIR) i regeneratu zmieszano z dodatkiem plastyfikatora i żywicy sieciującej. Stopień zwulkanizowania mieszanki regulowano zawartością żywicy sieciującej. Wykonane przedmieszki zostały użyte do produkcji mas uszczelniających charakteryzujących się dobrą stabilnością wymiarów oraz obniżoną spływnością. W niniejszej pracy zbadano wpływ zastąpienia IIR regeneratem butylowym na właściwości mas uszczelniających.

EN

Semi-vulcanized masterbatches of butyl rubber (IIR) and butyl reclaim were mixed with plasticizer and crosslinking resin. The degree of vulcanization is regulated by the content of crosslinking resin. The masterbatches were used for production of thermoplastic sealants, which had good dimensional stability and low slump. Current work investigates the dependency of sealant properties on the content of IIR replaced with butyl reclaim in the masterbatches.

4

Granulowanie precyzyjne tworzyw polimerowych

Bieliński M.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2008

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Nr 4

11-12

PL

W pracy zamieszczono opis procesu granulowania na zimno polietylenu (PE-LD) a także wyniki pomiaru długości i średnicy gra- nulatów, zależnych od wybranych parametrów technologicznych wytłaczania a także parametrów pracy granulatora.

EN

A description of cold polyethylene (PE-LD) pelletizing and me-asurement results of a length and diameter of pellets arę pre-sented in the paper. The last two features depended on selected technological parameters and granulator working conditions.

5

Koncentraty barwiące oparte na barwnikach przeznaczone do barwienia poliamidu - amidofile

Kaźmierska M.

Barwniki, Środki Pomocnicze

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2008

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nr 2-3

61-64

PL

W publikacji omówiono podstawy teoretyczne i warunki otrzymywania koncentratów barwiących (masterbatch), zawierających barwniki anionowe, przeznaczonych do barwienia poliamidu w procesach termoplastycznego przetwarzania. Technologia otrzymywania koncentratów została opracowana i wdrożona do produkcji w Oddziale Zamiejscowym Bai~wników i Produktów Organicznych w Zgierzu Instytutu Inżynierii Materiałów Polimerowych i Barwników.

EN

In article, the theoretical background and winning conditions of concentrates based on the anionic dyes for coloration of polyamides in thermoplastic processes has been presented. The production technology of concentrates and implementation has been done in Local Department of Dyes and Organic Products in Zgierz of the Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes.