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1
Content available Microstructure and Properties of 17Cr-0.8C Cast Steel
Kalandyk B., Zapała R., Pałka P., Wróbel M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2018
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Vol. 63, iss. 1
113-117
EN
The results of studies of the microstructure and properties of cast high alloy steels containing 17% Cr and 0.8% C subjected to different variants of heat treatment are presented. For phase identification, the light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy as well as the X-ray diffraction analysis were used. The conducted studies revealed the presence of carbides in the microstructure, mainly of the M23C6 carbide, detected after both quenching and tempering at 200 and 600°C. The use of low and high tempering significantly reduced the test alloy hardness from 657.3 HV30 to 403.7 HV30. At the same time, hardness was observed to have an impact on the values of abrasion in the conducted Miller slurry test. Higher material hardness leads to lower wear expressed by mass loss.
2
Content available Influence of temperature and total strain on the fatigue damage of cast steel
Mroziński S., Skocki R.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
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2012
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Vol. 7, no 1
167-173
EN
The paper presents test results of the course of fatigue damage of the GX12CrMoVNbN9 in conditions of the constant-amplitude loadings. As the parameter of fatigue damage there was assumed the change of mechanical properties which was determined in various stages of fatigue life. Three stages with a different rate of growth of the fatigue damage parameter were distinguished in the course of fatigue damage. It was stated that the critical value for the fatigue damage parameter depends on the level of loading and temperature.
3
Content available Examination of cast steel in terms of thermomechanical fatigue
Mroziński S., Włodarczyk S.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
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2012
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Vol. 7, no 3
211-216
EN
The paper presents experimental verification of experimental tests methodology on the testing machine in the range of thermal and thermo-mechanical fatigue . Test samples were made of martensitic cast steel. Control parameter of the tests was temperature of the sample whereas there were recorded parameters as follows: loading force and temperature of the specimen. In this study it was stated that the temperature decreases the strength parameters of the cast steel and an increase its elongation. As the results of the changes of the temperature occured loading may exceed yield strength.
4
Content available Influence of temperature on low cycle properties of martensitic cast steel
Golański G., Mroziński S., Werner K.
Archive of Mechanical Engineering
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2012
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Vol. LIX, nr 3
329—342
EN
The paper presents the results of research on low cycle properties of high-chromium martensitic GX12CrMoVNbN9-l (GP91) cast steel. The tests of fatigue strength were carried out at two temperatures: room temperature and at 600 degrees centigrade. At both temperatures the occurrence of cyclic softening of the cast steel was observed, revealing no clear stabilization period. Moreover, it has been proved that the fatigue life is influenced by the temperature which depends on the level of strain. The greatest influence was observed for the smallest strain levels applied in the research.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości niskocyklowych wysokochromowego, martenzytycznego staliwa GX12CrMoVNbN9-l. Badania trwałości zmęczeniowej przeprowadzono w dwóch temperaturach: temperaturze pokojowej i 600 stopni Celsjusza. W badanych temperaturach stwierdzono występowanie cyklicznego osłabienia staliwa bez wyraźnego okresu stabilizacji. Stwierdzono ponadto istotny wpływ temperatury na trwałość zmęczeniową, który zależy od poziomu odkształcenia i jest największy dla najmniejszych realizowanych poziomów odkształcenia.
5
Content available Softening of martensitic cast iron
Mroziński S., Skocki R.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
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2011
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Vol. 6, no 3
173-180
EN
In this paper there were presented test results of low cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of martensitic cast steel under constant-amplitude loadings. Analysis of stabilization course was carried out by using two parameters of hysteresis loop. It was found that among physical quantities used in description of the fatigue process there was no one which would be insensitive to the changes of cyclic properties. Parameter, which was less sensitive to the changes of cyclic properties was plastic strain.
6
Content available Influence of stress relief annealing on the microstructure and properties of GX12CrMoVNbN9-1(GP91) cast steel
Golański G., Kupczyk J., Kolan C.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2011
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Vol. 11, iss. 2 spec.
59--63
EN
The paper presents an effect of stress relief annealing, applied to casts after the repair by welding, on the microstructure and mechanical properties of quenched and tempered martensitic GX12CrMoVNbN9 – 1 cast steel (called GP91). The test pieces being the subject of research were taken out from a test coupon. Heat treatment of GP91 cast steel was carried out at the parameters of temperature and time appropriate for the treatment of multi-ton steel casts, while stress relief annealing was performed at the temperatures of 730 and 750ºC. After quenching and tempering GP91 cast steel was characterized by the microstructure of high-tempered martensite with numerous precipitations of carbides of diverse size. Mechanical properties of the investigated cast steel after heat treatment fulfilled the standard requirements. Stress relief annealing contributes to the processes of recovery and recrystallization of the matrix as well as the privileged precipitation of M23C6 carbides on grain boundaries. Changes in the microstructure of the examined cast steel cause deterioration in mechanical properties – the higher the temperature of stress relief annealing, the greater the deterioration.
7
Content available remote Influence of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of GX12CrMoVNbN9-1 cast steel
Golański G.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2010
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Vol. 10, iss. 3
89--94
EN
The paper presents results of research on the influence of multistage heat treatment on microstructure and properties of high-chromium martensitic GX12CrMoVNbN9 – 1 (GP91) steel. The material under investigation were samples taken out from a test coupon. Heat treatment of GP91 cast steel was performed at the parameters of temperature and time typical of treatment for multi-ton steel casts. The research has proved that in the as-received condition (as-cast state) GP91 cast steel was characterized by a coarse grain, martensitic microstructure which provided the required standard mechanical properties. The heat treatment of GP91 cast steel contributed to obtainment of a fine grain microstructure of high tempered martensite with numerous precipitations of carbides of diverse size. The GP91 cast steel structure received through heat treatment made it possible to obtain high plastic properties, particularly impact strength, maintaining strength properties on the level of the required minimum.
8
Content available Właściwości mechaniczne wysokostopowego, utwardzanego dyspersyjnie staliwa martenzytycznego, poddanego wielostopniowej obróbce cieplnej
Kuder M.
Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa
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2009
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T. 49, z. 3
5-11
PL
Wykonano wytop staliwa wysokostopowego Cr-Ni-Cu zawierającego dodatki Mo i Nb oraz podwyższoną zawartość azotu. Odlane wlewki próbne poddano obróbce cieplnej. Wykonano badania metalograficzne przy użyciu mikroskopu optycznego i oznaczenia właściwości mechanicznych. Stwierdzono, że najefektywniejszymi cyklami obróbki cieplnej badanego staliwa są: dla uzyskania najwyższych twardości - przesycanie z temperatury 1060°C i odpuszczanie w 500°C, dla uzyskania najwyższych wytrzymałości - przesycanie i podwójne odpuszczanie w temperaturze 600°C. Dla uzyskania maksymalnego wydłużenia i udarności można zastosować hartowanie z temperatury 950°C z odpuszczaniem w temperaturze 600°C.
EN
High-alloyed Cr-Ni-Cu cast steel with additions of Mo and Nb and high nitrogen content was melted. The cast test ingots were subjected to a heat treatment. Metallographic examinations were made under an optical microscope and mechanical properties were determined. The most effective heat treatment cycles applied to the examined cast steel have proved to be the following ones: to obtain maximum hardness - solution heat treatment from 1060°C and tempering at 500°C, to obtain maximum strength - solution heat treatment and double tempering at 600°C. To obtain maximum elongation and impact resistance - quenching from 950°C followed by tempering at 600°C.
9
Content available Ocena wpływu zawartości azotu na właściwości mechaniczne staliwa martenzytycznego
Kuder M.
Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa
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2009
|
T. 49, z. 3
13-22
PL
Przeprowadzono wytopy staliwa martenzytycznego GX5CrNiCu16-4 ze stopniowaną zawartością azotu w granicach 0,064-0,12%; oznaczono skład chemiczny łącznie z zawartością tlenu i azotu. Wlewki próbne poddano dwuwariantowej obróbce cieplnej. Wykonano badania metalograficzne struktury, badania przełomów udarnościowych, oznaczono skład chemiczny niektórych wtrąceń niemetalowych, właściwości wytrzymałościowe i odporność na zużycie erozyjne. Stwierdzono, że zwiększenie zawartości azotu powoduje podwyższenie twardości i wytrzymałości (Rm) staliwa po obu wariantach obróbki cieplnej; odporność na zużycie erozyjne wzrasta jedynie po odpuszczaniu w temperaturze 500°C. Udarność staliwa po obu wariantach obróbki cieplnej wykazuje maksimum przy zawartości około 0,09% N.
EN
The GX5CrNiCu16-4 martensitic cast steel with graded nitrogen content comprised in a range of 0,064-0,12% was melted; the chemical composition, including oxygen and nitrogen content, was determined. Test bars were subjected to two variants of the heat treatment. Metallographic examinations of the structure were made, impact fractures were examined, the chemical composition of some non-metallic inclusions was determined, and the mechanical properties as well as the erosive wear resistance were tested. It has been stated that increased nitrogen content raises the hardness and tensile strength (Rm) of cast steel after both variants of the heat treatment; the erosive wear resistance increases only after tempering at 500°C. The impact resistance of cast steel after both variants of the heat treatment has its maximum at a content of about 0,09% N.
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