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EN
The global world and individual countries, which are influenced by the economic, financial crises, and pandemics that occur in one way or another, have a major impact on business and its performance. Declining consumption, disrupted settlements, limited or unavailable sources of finance, and other economic and financial reasons may cause business failures. Efficient and rational financial management is crucial for companies to survive and operate successfully under various conditions of the economic cycle, especially in times of crisis. It can be argued that, under modern conditions of market economy, making economically sound decisions about the structure of funding sources is one of the most important tasks for business companies, since the formation of a capital structure establishes the company's ability to maximise its return, manage risks effectively, and operate successfully in a competitive environment to meet the needs of a wide range of stakeholders. The maritime sector is strategically important and economically significant for any country. Companies in this sector make a significant socio-economic contribution across the entire state. When forming the capital structure in the maritime sector companies, certain exceptions are encountered since the operation of these companies requires a large amount of borrowed capital. Increasing the business value of maritime sector companies has a positive meaning nationally and internationally.
EN
Drones are entering the maritime sector and have successfully increased safety and security. They can effectively replace humans, and where life and health are at risk during operations such as tank or hull inspections, they can be used in a fully remote capacity. They are used to transport spare parts, documents, medicine, etc. between land and ships at sea or on the roadstead, which may increase safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drones can control traffic and the emission of pollutants from ships, detect pirates, monitor areas, and support operations. They are used in search and rescue missions and also provide modern technologies like 5G and others. Drones are reliable and effective, and their use minimizes costs and reduces time. This paper presents a current review of the state of knowledge on the use of drones in the maritime sector. It takes into consideration the opportunities of their utilisation and presents possibilities and examples of successful drone exploitation by various entities such as classification societies, shipyards, search and rescue (SAR) missions, and others. The benefits and limitations and a roadmap for drones in shipping are also analysed. An application forecast for the Polish maritime sector in the West Pomeranian and Pomeranian Regions is also delivered in the paper. Desk research methodology was used to review the literature to identify the set goals by analysing literature reports, articles, and materials published by beneficiaries using drones successfully, as well as inquiries and market offers.
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano podobieństwa i różnice występujące w szeregach czasowych notowań wybranych indeksów giełdowych oraz indeksu frachtowego BDI. Wskazano na koniunkturę na rynku żeglugowym oraz sytuację na rynku papierów wartościowych jako układ głównych sił wpływających na notowania indeksu giełdowego spółek z branży morskiej (DJ US Marine Transportation Index).
EN
This article presents similarities and differences in time series of quotations of some stock exchange indices and the Baltic Dry Index. Shipping cycles and the situation on the stock exchange were shown as the main forces which influence the quotations of marine sector (DJ US Marine Transportation).
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