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1

Study on education and training methods to enhance non-technical skills of OICNW using the psychological test

Saito M., Takemoto T.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 1

121--125

EN

First, we especially focused on Uchida-Kraepelin performance test (hereinafter, referred to as UK-Test) in order to check the ability of non-technical skills of the officers in charge of a navigational watch (hereinafter, referred to as OICNW). UK-Test is one of the psychological test for understanding the personality. In this paper, we considered whether UK-Test is effective methods for OICNW in order to check the ability of non-technical skills using UK-Test results and collision avoidance manoeuvre experiments results on the ship handling simulator (hereinafter, referred to as the simulator). Specifically, we analysed the correlation between UK-Test results and collision avoidance manoeuvre experiments results on the simulator. We also created the collision avoidance scenario that required a lot of the ability of non-technical skills as OICNW, and evaluated the ability of non-technical skills of OICNW.

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Seeking the best practices of assessment in maritime simulator training

Tusher H. M., Nazir S., Ghosh S., Rusli R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 1

105--114

EN

Simulator-based training has become an integral part of Maritime education, and its effectiveness hinges on the use of appropriate assessment protocols. Despite the existence of several subjective and objective assessment techniques, instructors face difficulties in selecting and implementing the best practices that fit different learning contexts. The contextualized utility of the available assessment techniques further complicates the contexts. This study adopts a systematic literature review approach to comprehensively analyse available assessment techniques employed in maritime simulator training and to elicit their relationship with the desired learning outcomes. The study also presents a nuanced understanding of the advantages and limitations of the identified assessment techniques. Further, the state-of-the-art of assessment methods is discussed along with a few proposals for the future considering both research and practical implications. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable guidance to maritime instructors in selecting and implementing appropriate assessment techniques that align with desired learning outcomes in simulator training.

3

Maritime students’ use and perspectives of cloud-based desktop simulators: CSCL and implications for educational design

Gyldensten W., Wiig A. C., Sellberg C.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 2

315--321

EN

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities of using cloud-based simulators for training in maritime education and training (MET). The aim is to map bachelor students’ use and perspectives to inform educational design when implementing cloud simulation into the curricula. This study uses an ethnographic design approach in the tradition of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) and draws on video-recorded exercises and interviews (n=22) from 1st and 3rd-class maritime bachelor’s students engaged in navigation exercises on cloud simulation. The findings suggest that individual training with cloud-based simulators in MET can enhance the repetition of skills necessary for better performance in a full-mission simulator with current technology and rather straightforward instructional designs. However, the findings also emphasise that simulator exercises need to be more engaging for students in order to provide a meaningful learning experience. Hence, simulator software needs to provide the means for students to collaborate during exercises, and feedback provided by the system needs to be carefully aligned with the student’s previous knowledge in order to provide adequate scaffolding.

4

From ship to shore – studies into potential practical consequences of autonomous shipping on VTS operation and training

Janssen T., Baldauf M., Claresta G.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 2

383--390

EN

Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) are to improve the safety and efficiency of vessel traffic and to protect the marine environment by interacting with the ship’s traffic in monitored coastal areas. Today, VTS operators are maritime professionals with nautical education from a university or technical college and practical experience on board. This experience and nautical background is a key element of the work as a VTS operator. It is to support understanding the daily work. The current situation in the maritime domain is undergoing substantial changes, such as introducing new technologies, implementing the e-Navigation concept based on sustainable digitalization and ambitions to realize unmanned and autonomous shipping. This paper will present preliminary results of a pilot study conducted in VTS Centres along the coast of North and Baltic Sea and discuss selected options and opportunities for education and training of future VTS operators, which might not have the advantage of practical sea experience anymore.

5

The use of instructional materials in physical education to enhance the students’ knowledge and skills in swimming and life-saving techniques

Germo R. R., Sarinas B. G. S., Coo E. C., Teruñez M. R., Gavadan B. E., Jardenil C. Y., Flores J.R.P.V.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 2

233--240

EN

John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (Arevalo), Inc. is mandated to offer aquatic-sports courses such as paddling, rowing, sailing, and swimming to equip students with needed skills essential for survival in case of emergencies. Since, there is a dearth of instructional materials in Physical Education 2 (Advanced Swimming and Life-saving Techniques), the JBLFMU-Arevalo was given a research grant by the CHED (Commission on Higher Education) known as DARE TO (Discovery Applied Research and Extension Trans/Inter-Disciplinary Opportunities) to address the problem. This DARE TO grant aimed to develop instructional materials in PE 2 that will enhance the swimming performance and life-saving techniques of students. That is why the researchers would like to test for the effectiveness of this instructional material in the form of modules over the traditional approach which is lecture in improving the students’ swimming performance and life-saving techniques in terms of their knowledge and skills. This non-equivalent control group under quasi-experimental study was utilized among the BSMT (Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation) students. A pretest was used to determine swimming performance of the experimental and control groups. An intervention through the use of instructional materials was employed in the experimental group for the whole semester (five months) while the control group was exposed to lecture as a traditional method of instruction. After a semester, the posttest was administered. The statistical tools used were mean, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon-signed ranks test. The findings of the study revealed that the instructional material is effective in enhancing the swimming performance and life-saving techniques of students both in the aspects of knowledge and skills. Both the experimental and control groups were “Fair” in their knowledge pretest scores but during the posttest, the experimental group was “Good” and the control group was “Fair”. On the other hand, both the experimental and control groups were “Fair” in their skills’ pretest scores but during their posttest, the control group was “Good” while the experimental group was “Excellent”. The experimental group who used the module showed significantly better performance during the posttest both for knowledge and skills compared to the control group who did not use the module (lecture only). The study further showed significant differences in the mean gains between the experimental and control groups after the conduct of pretest and posttest in favor of the experimental group. It can be gleaned from the results that the module can enhance the knowledge and skills in swimming performance and life-saving techniques of the experimental group. It is highly recommended that this module be utilized among maritime schools offering swimming and life-saving courses.

6

Teaching situation and instructors’ key-competencies at the college of maritime education (CME): evaluation of the marine engineering students

Victoriano J. J., Villaruz R. T., Alimen R. A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 2

241--250

EN

Strength of educational system depends upon the quality pf teachers. Teachers have always been considered as one of the noblest professions. (Naz, 2016). Students are generally influenced by their teachers because they spend most of their time at school (Rahaman, 2010; Rosen, 2010). To teach students according to today’s standards, teachers need to understand subject matter deeply and flexibly so that they can help students create useful cognitive maps, relate one idea to another, and address misconceptions. Teachers need to see how ideas connect across fields and to everyday life. Teachers use suitable strategies and resources to follow instructions according to the needs of the needs of individuals and groups of students. Teachers should guide pupils learning in analyzing. Teachers should provide manifold models and explanations of concepts behaviors and skills. Teachers provide creative and critical thinking, problem solving ability, curiosity. They should know how to use various technological and communication. They should believe in change and flexibility in teaching learning process (Rahaman, 2010; Rosen, 2010).

7

Sustainability in maritime education and training: A quality standards approach in Kenya

Mohammed T. I.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 4

659--663

EN

The Merchant Shipping (Training and Certification) Regulations of Kenya adapt The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW Convention) and the Standard Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping (STCW Code) for Seafarers. The STCW Convention and Code defines the quality standards at a minimum requirement as the harmonized threshold for contracting parties, which includes Kenya. Educational Institutions in Kenya primarily uses Quality Management Systems in application of quality to education and training. This is however contrary to the requirements of the STCW Convention and Code for institutions engaged in Maritime Education and Training. The paper focusses in assessing the extent of non-compliance, the circumstantial challenges and thereafter proposes a framework to address challenges in implementing Quality Standard Systems.

8

Maritime education after COVID-19 Era

Prayogo D., Supendi S., Antoro D., Huda S., Fitrianingsih A., Surjaman F., Purwantono P., Choeroni M., Sugiyarto S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 2

227--231

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic has very quickly changed various human behavior including the world of education. Maritime Education is one that feels the impact of the pandemic. Various Solutions in educational technology must be quickly adjusted to fill the gap and ensure learning is not disrupted. Although online learning is not new, with the pandemic can accelerate digital learning used to overcome and improve the quality of online learning. Article we want to convey our experience in organizing maritime education at the Semarang Shipping Science Polytechnic using case study techniques. The results of this study revealed that although online learning is very helpful for teaching and learning activities during the pandemic, it has not been able to replace practical learning. With the decline of Covid-19 pandemic cases in Indonesia, the author wants to make short-term breakthroughs and possible long-term solutions that can contribute to learning in the future. The use of learning recordings with simulators, practicum recordings and theoretical learning recordings is expected to help maritime learning in the future.

9

Blended learning approach in improving student’s academic performance in information communication, and technology (ICT)

Germo R. R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 2

251--256

EN

This quasi-experimental study aimed at looking into the effectiveness of blended learning approach in improving the performance in Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT) Course of Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation (BSMT) first year students at JBLFMU-Arevalo during the second semester of school year 2018-2019. The respondents of this research were the two sections comparable with each other who were enrolled in the subject ICT. There were 40 student respondents composed of 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. A validated and reliability-tested 45 item researcher-made multiple choice test was used as an instrument with a Cronbach index of 0.88. The statistical tools used were mean, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon-Signed ranks test set at .05 level of significance. The effect size was computed to determine the effectiveness of the blended learning approach in terms of students’ performance in ICT. Results showed that in the pretest, though the experimental group had a higher mean score than the control group, the Mann-Whitney test showed that the mean scores of the two groups were comparable because the significant value was greater than .05. When the treatment was introduced, findings showed that there were significant differences in the ICT performance in the pretest and posttest of experimental and control groups as well as in the posttests of both groups. Results inferred that blended learning approach was more than a hundred percent effective showing significant results on the experimental group. It could also be inferred that the better performance of the control group could be attributed to the traditional method of teaching, the lecture method.

10

A multiple case study of METI cybersecurity education and training: A basis for the development of a guiding framework for educational approaches

Bacasdoon J., Bolmsten J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 2

319--334

EN

Cyberattacks have become a serious global concern, effecting enormous losses to different sectors. In the shipping business, major companies report violations to their operations’ integrity and security, and losing great amounts of money. While the International Maritime Organization (IMO), through the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) 1978, as amended, is yet to release a standard for the cybersecurity education and training of seafarers, some maritime education and training institutions (METIs) have acted proactively and included cybersecurity knowledge and skills in their curricular offerings. This study looked into the cybersecurity course offerings of four METIs that served as the case studies of the researchers. In particular, the following objectives were addressed: the cybersecurity knowledge and skills included in their curriculum; the importance of the cybersecurity knowledge and skills to seafarers; and the educational approaches of the METIs in delivering their topics on cybersecurity. The first and third objectives were answered using different sources of qualitative data, including document analysis, interview and direct observation. The quantitative approach, in the form of a survey questionnaire, was used to address the second objective. The METIs, though not the same in content, were found to have included cybersecurity knowledge and skills in their curriculum. These knowledge and skills were perceived to be very important by seafarers. Similar to the content of their courses, the METIs delivered their cybersecurity courses by employing varied educational approaches. To address the gap on the lack of cybersecurity course design and delivery minimum standards, a framework in the shape of a lantern is developed and proposed to guide maritime courses designers, in particular, and other course designers, in general.