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Maritime radio systems for distress alerting

Korcz K.

Journal of KONES

2018

Vol. 25, No. 1

233--240

The most important function of a maritime radio communication system called the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is the distress alerting function. Distress alerting is the rapid and successful reporting of a distress incident to a unit, which can provide or co-ordinate assistance. This would be a rescue co-ordination centre (RCC) or another ship in the vicinity. The article presents and evaluates the technical and operational possibilities of the maritime radio systems for a distress alerting. Especially the basic functional requirements and regulations for GMDSS referring to the maritime radio systems for distress alerting, resulting from the provisions of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and Radio Regulations have been described. The article presents the role of the maritime radio systems for a distress alerting in the shipping and GMDSS as well. A current status and analysis of the systems responsible for distress alerting has been made. In this context, the operation, methods and ranges of transmitting and receiving the distress alerts by the INMARSAT system, COSPAS-SARSAT system and Digital Selective Calling (DSC) system have been described. The article also outlines the future of the maritime radio systems for a distress alerting. In this context, the two projects under the name of „E-navigation” and „The modernization of the GMDSS”, currently being implemented in the framework of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) by the Sub-Committee on Navigation, Communications and Search and Rescue (NCSR), have been presented as well.