Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Duties of the ship’s master in the event of a maritime accident as a type of isured loss

Pijaca M., Bulum B., Primorac Ž.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 2

305--311

EN

The ship's master has a number of duties in relation to the ship, the cargo and the shipowner's liability. His duties in the event of a marine accident are particularly important since all marine accidents occur as a type of insured loss. In addition to a number of general duties, some of the master's special duties are informing the classification society about the accident, damage report, cooperation with the insurer's expert and informing the P&I club about the accident. The content of the master's duties is the subject of analysis of this paper. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to analyse the content of the master's duties in the event of an accident that could result in damage, i.e. the occurrence of the insured event. The purpose of this analysis is to point out the important role of the master in the subject of maritime insurance.

2

Analysis of maritime accidents in the context of demand for MoB MEDS the mobile base of the marine emergency diving service

Jurczyński M., Rutkowski G.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 1

209--215

EN

The purpose and scope of this paper is to present the demand of Polish waters for the boat MoB MEDS the Mobile Base of the Marine Emergency Diving Service, which would enable necessary underwater works (repairs and inspections) for ships requiring immediate assistance. The MoB MEDS boat could also protect sensitive sea areas against potential oil and / or chemical spills from the ship, which could seriously threaten the safety of human life, the safety of navigation and the protection of the natural environment with its unique ecological values. Mentioned demand is supported by the analysis of selected statistical data on maritime accidents in Polish waters and planned maritime investments.

3

Marine accidents as potential crisis situations on the Baltic Sea

Szubrycht Tomasz

Archives of Transport

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2020

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Vol. 54, iss. 2

125--135

EN

People responsible for crisis management, especially in coastal voivodships (Pomeranian, West Pomeranian and Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship) must be aware and prepared to take effective action in the event of emergencies in maritime waters. The geographical, hydro meteorological conditions and geographical conditions of the Baltic Sea of the Baltic Sea and the increasing intensity of Baltic shipping, and in particular the increase in oil transport, mean that the likelihood of maritime accidents that can generate crises in sea areas increases significantly. There are about 2000 ships in the Baltic marine area at any given moment and about 3500 - 5500 ships navigate through the Baltic Sea per month. Approximately 20% of the ships in the Baltic Sea are tankers. Despite different uncertainties some trends in the Baltic shipping can be expected. For example ship traffic is likely to increase yearly and it is expected that vessel size will increase because the maritime transport must be more efficient and cost-saving. Such trends create serious threats for Baltic States. The maritime administrations of the Baltic States and international maritime organizations undertake a number of actions to increase maritime safety in the Baltic Sea. The publication characterizes Baltic shipping and analyzes the scale of threats generated by maritime accidents, as well as ways of responding and minimizing the probability of emergencies in the Baltic Sea. Activities including: legislative and organizational activity were also characterized; practical use of modern technology both on vessels and in land navigation monitoring systems; marine traffic engineering and shipbuilding, which aim is to minimize the likelihood of maritime accidents in the Baltic Sea and analyses of Baltic states capacity to oil spill response. In addition, the publication proposes a definition of a crisis situation in relation to sea areas and presents when a maritime accident or incident can generate a crisis situation in sea areas. The result of the research process is proposals for actions that, in the author's opinion, should be taken to reduce the number of maritime accidents in the Baltic Sea.

4

Addressing theaccidental risks of maritime transportation: could autonomous shipping technology improve the statistics?

Hoem Å.S., Fjørtoft K., Rødseth Ø.J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2019

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Vol. 13, no. 3

487--494

EN

A paradigm shift is presently underway in the shipping industry promising safer, greener and more efficient ship traffic. In this article, we will look at some of the accidents from conventional shipping and see if they could have been avoided with autonomous ship technology. A hypothesis of increased safety is often brought forward, and we know from various studies that the number of maritime accidents that involves what is called “human error” ranges from some 60‐90 percent. If we replace the human with automation, can we then reduce the number of accidents? On the other hand, is there a possibility for new types of accidents to appear? What about the accidents that are today averted by the crew? This paper will present a method to assess these different aspects of the risk scenarios in light of the specific capabilities and constraints of autonomous ships.

5

Problems that occur in a team: learning from maritime accidents via simulation training

Barić M., Čulin J., Bielić T.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 4

709--713

EN

Despite the efforts of all stakeholders maritime accidents still occur, most commonly caused by human failure. Efficient team work is a vital tool in preventing occurrence or rectifying the errors and violations. Therefore Bridge Resource Management course focuses on developing and sustaining work teams. Unfortunately, team work can be hampered by many factors, including poor organisation, cultural differences, improper attitudes and behaviours, as shown by analysis of many accidents and it is important to address these issues during trainings. As a starting point for a discussion simulation training can be used. In this paper we propose three scenarios based on real accidents, which address problems that are usually not familiar to students: authority gradient, desire for harmony in a group and antagonism between specialties.

6

Operational control of marine catastrophes based on competitive computing technologies

Bondarev V. A., Nechaev Yu. I., Kovalishin P. Yu.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 4

701--707

EN

The paper considers the structure and functional elements of the emergency computing center that carries out operational control of sea catastrophes of vessels of the fishing fleet based on the integration of intelligent systems of new generations and high‐performance computing within the problem‐oriented dynamic environment of the virtual testing area. The real time operation of the computer center is provided by the system integration of information, algorithmic and software support based on dynamic measurement data and a structured knowledge base. The focus is on providing decision support in complex dynamic environments using modern catastrophe theory.

7

Arctic shipping and risks: emergency categories and response capacities

Marchenko N., Andreassen N., Borch O. J., Kuznetsova S., Ingimundarson V., Jakobsen U.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 1

107--114

EN

The sea ice in the Arctic has shrunk significantly in the last decades. The transport pattern has as a result partly changed with more traffic in remote areas. This change may influence on the risk pattern. The critical factors are harsh weather, ice conditions, remoteness and vulnerability of nature. In this paper, we look into the risk of accidents in Atlantic Arctic based on previous ship accidents and the changes in maritime activity. The risk has to be assessed to ensure a proper level of emergency response. The consequences of incidents depend on the incident type, scale and location. As accidents are rare, there are limited statistics available for Arctic maritime accidents. Hence, this study offers a qualitative analysis and an expert-based risk assessment. Implications for the emergency preparedness system of the Arctic region are discussed.

8

The impact of major maritime accidents on the development of international regulations concerning safety of navigation and protection of the environment

Duda D., Wawruch R.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej

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2017

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R. 58 nr 4 (211)

23--44

EN

The article presents the impact of major maritime accidents on the development of international regulations concerning the safety of navigation and environmental protection of the seas and oceans. It contains analysis of the reasons and consequences of maritime disasters like the accidents of: ‘Titanic’, ‘Torrey Canyon’, ‘Amoco Cadiz’, ‘Herald of Free Enterprise’, ‘Exxon Valdez’, ‘Estonia’, ‘Erika’ and ‘Prestige’ as well as international agreements established in order to prevent this type of accident in the future or, at least, limit their consequences.

PL

Artykuł prezentuje wpływ największych wypadków morskich na rozwój międzynarodowych przepisów dotyczących bezpieczeństwa żeglugi i ochrony środowiska naturalnego mórz i oceanów. Zawiera analizę przyczyn i konsekwencji katastrof morskich statków „Titanic”, „Torrey Canyon”, „Amoco Cadiz”, „Herald of Free Enterprise”, „Exxon Valdez”, „Estonia”, „Erika” i „Prestige” oraz porozumień międzynarodowych ustanowionych w celu zapobiegnięcia tego typu wypadkom w przyszłości lub przynajmniej ograniczenia ich negatywnych skutków.

9

Emergency management of maritime accidents in the yangtze river: problems, practice and prospects

Yan X.P., Wu B., Zhang D., Zhang J. F.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 1

111--118

EN

Maritime accidents have received considerable attentions due to the enormous property damage, casualties and serious environmental pollution. This paper first makes statistical analysis of the different types of maritime accidents in the period of 2012 to 2014 in the Yangtze River. Second, the problems of emergency management of maritime accidents are also proposed from the analysis of the major accident “Eastern Star”.. Afterwards, four practice cases, including decision support for maritime accidents, emergency resource allocation, emergency simulation system and effectiveness of emergency management, are introduced to present the insights gained from these practices. Last, in order to address these problems, this paper proposes that an artificial societies, Computational experiments, and Parallel execution (ACP) approach should be introduced to establish an improved management system for maritime accidents in the future, and an ACP based maritime accident emergency management framework is proposed.

10

Causative chaindifference for each type of accidents in Japanese Maritime Traffic Systems (MTS)

Mutmainnah W., Bowo L. P., Sulistiyono A. B., Furusho M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 3

489--494

EN

Causative chain (CC) is a failure chain that cause accident as an outcome product of the second step of MOP model, namely line relation analysis (LRA). This CC is a connection of several causative factors (CF), an outcome product of first step of MOP model, namely corner analysis (CA). MOP Model is an abbreviation from 4M Overturned Pyramid, created by authors by combining 2 accident analysis models. There are two steps in this model, namely CA and LRA. Utilizing this model can know what is CF that happen dominantly to the accidents and what is a danger CC that characterize accidents in a certain place and certain period. By knowing the characteristics, the preventive action can be decided to decrease the number of accident in the next period. The aim of this paper is providing the development of MOP Model that has been upgraded and understanding the characteristics of each type accident. The data that is analyzed in this paper is Japanese accidents from 2008 until 2013, which is available on Japan Transportation Safety Board (JTSB)’s website. The analysis shows that every type of accidents has a unique characteristic, shown by their CFs and CCs. However, Man Factor is still playing role to the system dominantly.

11

Safety culture in the management system of safe exploitation of the ship and pollution prevention

Królikowski A., Mrozowska A., Wróbel R.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej

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2016

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R. 57 nr 2 (205)

45--60

EN

One of the most important aims of this paper is to identify the current idea of safety culture, and to present authors’ understanding of safety culture, how it may be comprehended and perceived, and what benefit it can bring for improving safety at sea. This article discusses the human role in this aspect, namely, who fulfils their responsibilities (work, service, duty) which are connected in a wide understanding of maritime Industry (both at sea and on land). The preliminary analysis of the concepts of safety culture, which has been carried out, points clearly to the human factor (which has a direct impact on the shape and meaning of safety culture) as one of the main links which connects multidimensional maritime safety, environmental protection and safety of life at sea.

PL

Jednym z najważniejszych celów artykułu jest ustalenie obecnego poglądu na kulturę bezpieczeństwa, przedstawienie stanowiska autorów na ten temat, a także korzyści, jakie ta kultura może przynieść dla bezpieczeństwa na morzu. W artykule rozważana jest rola człowieka realizującego zadania (praca, służba) związane z szeroko rozumianym przemysłem morskim (na morzu i na lądzie). Wstępna analiza koncepcji kultury bezpieczeństwa wyraźnie wskazuje na czynnik ludzki (który ma bezpośredni wpływ na kształt i znaczenie kultury bezpieczeństwa) jako jeden z elementów łączących wielowymiarowe bezpieczeństwo morskie, ochronę środowiska oraz bezpieczeństwo życia na morzu.

12

Risk analysis of maritime accidents in an estuary: a case study of Shenzhen Waters

Chen P., Mou J., Li Y.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2015

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nr 42 (114)

54--62

EN

Due to the unique geographic location, complex navigation environment and intense vessel traffic, a considerable number of maritime accidents occurred in estuarine waters during recent years which caused serious loss of life, property and environmental contamination. Based on the historical data of maritime accidents from 2003 to 2012, which is collected from Shenzhen Maritime Safety Administration, this paper conducted a risk analysis of maritime accidents by applying Bayesian network and fault tree analysis. First a Bayesian network model was introduced to describe the consequence of accidents based on the accident investigation report. Then fault tree analysis was applied to estimate the probability on the basis of accident statistics and ship traffic flow. Finally the risk of maritime accidents in Shenzhen Waters was depicted through the consequence multiplied by the probability of an accident.

13

Wypadki morskie w rejonach polarnych. Przyczyny i skutki

Pastusiak T.

Prace Wydziału Nawigacyjnego Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

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2015

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Z. 30

50--58

PL

Poprawa warunków lodowych na Północnej Drodze Morskiej (PDM) po roku 2008 spowodowała wzrost aktywności żeglugowej w tym akwenie. Do żeglugi dopuszczone są nie tylko statki posiadające klasy polarne, ale również statki z klasami lodowymi i bez wzmocnień lodowych. Statki z klasą polarną stanowią mniej niż połowę wszystkich pozwoleń wydanych przez Administrację PDM. Jednocześnie daje się zauważyć naruszenia przepisów żeglugowych na PDM, mogące prowadzić do wzrostu wypadków morskich. W artykule przeanalizowano szczegółowo wypadki morskie w rejonach polarnych w latach od 2004 do 2011 zarejestrowane na stronach internetowych. Określono dokładnie grupy ryzyka dotyczące zjawisk albo zdarzeń biorących udział w łańcuchu przyczynowo-skutkowym. Podjęcie działań prewencyjnych w tych grupach przez głównych zainteresowanych efektami ekonomicznymi w odniesieniu do wybranej grupy ryzyka powinno skutkować zmniejszeniem liczby wypadków, a tym samym poprawą bezpieczeństwa transportu morskiego w rejonach polarnych.

EN

Improvement of sea ice conditions on the Northern Sea Route (NSR) after 2008 caused an increase in shipping activity in the region. Allowed for navigation not only polar class vessels, but also vessels with ice classes or vessels without any ice-strengthened construction. Polar class vessels represent less than half of all licenses issued by the NSR Administration. Same time it can be observed infringement of shipping rules on the NSR which may lead to an increase in maritime accidents. The study analyzes in detail maritime accidents in the polar regions during the period from 2004 to 2011, registered on the websites. Precisely defined risk groups for the phenomena or events involved in the chain of cause - effect. Adoption of preventive measures in these groups by the major interested parties, due to economic effects, in relation to the chosen risk groups should result in fewer accidents. It is thus possible improve the safety of maritime transport in the polar regions.

14

The history of technique: The myth of safe navigation on the example of the Titanic

Kozłowska A., Neubauer T., Nowakowski K.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

1721--1727, CD2

PL

U schyłku XIX wieku bardzo popularne stały się podróże przez ocean na pokładach transatlantyków - największych, a zarazem oferujących najwyższy standard przewozu pasażerów wśród ówczesnych statków. Titanic - nazywany statkiem marzeń. Już w trakcie budowy zyskał miano niezatapialnego. Nikt więc nie zastanawiał się czy podróż statkiem jest bezpieczna, interesował ich czas i luksus podroży do „nowego świata”. Nic więc dziwnego, że właściciele firm żeglugowych, pozyskując względy klientów, prześcigali się w projektach budowy nowych jednostek o coraz większym tonażu i mogących rozwijać jak największe prędkości, często kosztem elementarnych zasad bezpiecznej żeglugi.

EN

In the late nineteenth century travel across the ocean aboard ocean liners - the largest, and at the same time offering the highest standard of passenger ships of that time became very popular. Titanic - called the ship of dreams. Already under construction became known as unsinkable. So nobody thought whether the ship was unsinkable. They were more interested in a time and luxury of cruise into the “new world”. Nothing so strange, that the owners of navigational companies, wanting to win support at customers, they started to race each other with projects of the build of the new units with the increasing tonnage and being able to develop as as much as possible speed.

15

Analiza wypadków z ludźmi w polskim transporcie morskim w latach 2004-2012

Mianowana K., Mianowana V., Rydzak L., Kozłowicz K., Guz T., Natoniewski M.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 5

389--396, CD1

PL

W gospodarce światowej żegluga i porty są niezbędnym czynnikiem warunkującym funkcjonowanie biznesu i handlu. W Polsce transport morski stanowi stosunkowo mały udział w transporcie ogółem, a jego potencjał nie został jeszcze w pełni wykorzystany, podczas gdy jego zaletą jest miedzy innymi możliwość ograniczenia ruchu na drogach. Jednym z priorytetów w tym obszarze transportu jest poprawa bezpieczeństwa. Celem pracy jest analiza rozmiaru, przyczyn i skutków wypadków z ludźmi w transporcie morskim na podstawie danych GUS i Urzędu Statystycznego w Szczecinie w latach 2004-2012 oraz opis liczby podjętych akcji ratunkowych. Analizy dokonano na podstawie danych zaczerpniętych z Roczników Statystycznych Gospodarki Morskiej. Analiza danych wskazuje, że najczęściej zdarzają się wypadki z grupy ,,inne”, co sugeruje potrzebę dokładniejszej klasyfikacji tej grupy wypadków w celu podejmowania w przyszłości konkretnych działań prewencyjnych. Skutki wypadków to przede wszystkim rozstrój zdrowia i śmierć, zdecydowanie rzadziej ciężki uszczerbek na zdrowiu. Wśród przyczyn wypadków na morzu dominowało nieprzestrzeganie przepisów BHP.

EN

In the global economy, maritime cargo-carrying fleet and ports are an essential factors influenced on business and trade. In Poland, maritime transport is a relatively small part of transportation in general and its potential is not fully exploited. Its advantage is, among others, the possibility of limiting traffic on the roads. One of our common and contemporary priorities is to improve safety. The aim of this work is to present the quantity, causes and consequences of accidents with people in maritime transportation based on Polish Central Statistical Office data and showing the number of emergency actions taken. This indicates that the most accidents includes to "other", which suggests the need for a more precise classification of this group. It is very important, because the results of accidents in maritime transport are primarily health disorder and death.

16

Review of Maritime Accidents Involving Chemicals – Special Focus on the Baltic Sea

Häkkinen J.M., Posti A.I.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8, no. 2

295--305

EN

Transport and handling of hazardous chemicals and chemical products around the world’s waters and ports have considerably increased over the last 20 years. Thus, the risk of major pollution accidents has also increased. Past incidents/accidents are, when reported in detail, first hand sources of information on what may happen again. This paper provides an overview of the past tanker accidents in the Baltic Sea and chemical related accidents in seas worldwide. The aim is to find out what can be learned from past accidents, especially from the environmental point of view. The study is carried out as a literature review and as a statistical review. The study revealed that the risk of a chemical accident is highest in seas where the highest tonnes of chemicals are transported, the density of maritime traffic is highest and, of course, in the ship-shore interface where unloading/loading takes place. Incidents involving chemical spills are statistically much less likely to occur than oil spills. However, chemical cargoes can be more dangerous to humans and property because chemicals can be more combustible, poisonous, irritating and reactive. The most important difference between a chemical and an oil spill may be related to response actions. In case of a chemical accident, the air quality or the risk of explosion should be more carefully evaluated before any response actions are taken. In case of chemical spills, the response is more limited in comparison to oil. Actually, very little is known about the actual marine pollution effect of most of highly transported substances. From the environmental point of view, the previous studies have highlighted accidents in which pesticides were released to water, but also substances considered as non-pollutants (vegetable oils) seem to have a negative effect on biota in the water environment.

17

Methods of Vessel Casualty Process Assessment

Soliwoda J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8, no. 2

211--216

EN

Maritime casualty is an event of considerable economic and social impact. For this reason, implemented the reporting systems of accidents at sea, and the Administration was obligated to establish a Commission of Maritime Accidents. On the basis of casualty analysis and reports are developed proposals preventing similar casualties in the future. However, there is no uniform evaluation system which check references of existing regulations and recommendations to the occurred casualties. This paper presents a method to evaluate the used methods of casualty prediction with respect to the real incident and catastrophe.

18

Bezpieczeństwo pracy marynarzy

Semenov I. N.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2014

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nr 3

10-13

PL

W artykule został przeanalizowany organizacyjno-prawny system zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa pracy marynarzy. Pokazano przyczyny wypadkowości w transporcie morskim oraz z identyfikowano czynniki ryzyka utraty życia lub zdrowia marynarzy podczas pracy na morzu. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono przyczynom popełnienia błędów przez członków załóg statków. Stwierdzono, że nowa konwencja o pracy na morzu przyczyni się do podwyższenia poziomu bezpieczeństwa pracy marynarzy.

EN

This article examines the organizational and legal system of seafarers' safety. It discusses the causes of accidents and identifies risk factors for the loss of seafarers’ life or health at sea. The article pays special attention to the causes of the crew's errors. The conclusion is that the new Maritime Labour Convention contributes to an increase in the level of seafarers' safety.

19

A post-inspection analysis of the current problems diagnosed on fishing vessels aiming at improving shipping safety

Duda D., Królikowski A., Wróbel R., Koszałkowski W.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej

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2013

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R. 54 nr 2 (193)

21--38

EN

This paper is an analysis of the problems connected with inspecting fishing vessels in the years 2009–2011, done under the supervision of the Maritime Office in Gdynia, and aiming at improving the safety standards and heightening the shipping safety.

PL

W artykule dokonano analizy problemów związanych z inspekcjonowaniem jednostek rybackich na przestrzeni lat 2009–2011, będących pod nadzorem Urzędu Morskiego w aspekcie dążenia do poprawy standardów bezpieczeństwa oraz podnoszenia na jak najwyższy poziom bezpieczeństwa żeglugi.

20

Marine accidents – problems of education and training system

Grządziela A.

Logistyka

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2013

|

nr 6

PL

Podstawowym celem badania wypadków morskich jest dochodzenie ich przyczyn oraz publikacja. Polityka bezpieczeństwa polega na ustaleniu okoliczności i przyczyn wypadku, mających na celu poprawę bezpieczeństwa życia na morzu w przyszłości. Drugim celem jest unikanie wypadków w przyszłości. Artykuł prezentuje regulacje prawne oraz wpływ form i metod kształcenia morskiego na bezpieczeństwo na morzu.

EN

The fundamental purpose of Marine Accident Investigation and Shipping Security Policy Branch investigations is to determine the circumstances and the causes of the accident with the aim of improving the safety of life at sea. The second purpose is the avoidance of accidents in future. The paper presents standardization regulation and the influence of methods of training and learning for sea safety.