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Using the Coastal Clean Index to assess the impact of anthropogenic pressure on sandy beaches in Ustka, Poland

Bigus Katarzyna, Jarosiewicz Anna

Studia Quaternaria

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2023

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Vol. 40, Nr 2

67--76

EN

The article summarizes results of the studies of the Coastal Clean Index (CCI) on selected Polish beaches. In 2022, an attempt was made to estimate the amount of litter on the beach in Ustka. Debris on the beach was collected during a peak season in July and August. An attempt was also made to estimate the daily increase in garbage on the beach. The main part of the research was based on the quality and quantity of litter in beach sediments to the east and west of Ustka. Litter was divided according to a type of material, use, size and origin. The collected material was dominated by a plastic waste. The largest amount of marine litter was collected on the beach, on the eastern side of the Słupia River.

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Marine and macroplastic litter monitoring and strategic recommendation for reducing pollution: case study from Semarang City

Zaman Badrus, Ramadan Bimastyaji Surya, Sarminingsih Anik, Priyambada Ika Bagus, Budihardjo Mochamad Arief

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2023

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Vol. 49, no 4

37--45

EN

Indonesia is one of the largest contributors to global marine litter deposition, given its high population and the largest archipelagic country. The increasing problem of plastic littering has recently attracted the attention of researchers. This study aims to identify marine and macroplastic litter in Semarang City. A field survey was conducted by dividing the beach into 18 sampling grids, each with an area of 1 × 1 m2. A literature survey was also conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to identify literature that can be used to develop recommendations. The results showed that 6.26–11.16 grams/m2/ day of marine litter and approximately 1.61–4.89 items/m2/day of plastic litter would be deposited on Semarang City beaches. The greatest contributors to macroplastic litter were polypropylene (PP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which should be considered for further intervention. Strategic recommendations were developed based on an in-depth literature survey and best practices in the current field. These also include recommendations that can be used as a reference by policymakers and other stakeholders to reduce marine pollution. The results of this study are expected to provide a multiplier effect on reducing marine pollution for the city.

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Plastic contamination of sandy beaches along the southern Baltic – a one season field survey results

Mazurkiewicz Mikołaj, Martinez Paula Sancho, Konwent Weronika, Deja Kajetan, Kotwicki Lech, Węsławski Jan Marcin

Oceanologia

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2022

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No. 64 (4)

764--780

EN

The subject of this study was microplastics (>32 µm), large micro-/macroplastics (>2 mm) and plastic litter (visible by naked eye) contamination on sandy beaches and in coastal waters along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea. Microplastics were studied with particular attention, with simultaneous observations in the water and across the beach. Other data was intended to serve as a background and as possible sources of microplastics. Most of the microplastics found were fibers <1 mm long, with blue fibers dominating, followed by transparent, red and green ones, both in sand and water samples. The concentration of microplastics on the beach sand ranged from 118 to 1382 pieces kg−1, while in coastal waters from 0.61 to 2.76 pieces dm−3. As for large micro-/macroplastics and plastic litter, there was no dominant litter along the coast. The amount of large micro-/macroplastics ranged from 2 to 124 pieces m−2 (or from 0.13 to 44.30 g m−2). Regarding plastic litter, on average between 0.03 and 6.15 litter debris m−2 were found (or from 0.007 to 4.600 g m−2). The study confirms that plastic pollution of the Polish coastal zone is a significant problem comparable with both the rest of the Baltic Sea and other seas and oceans. Similar color-based composition of microplastics among all studied sites suggests that they may have a common source, while the contamination of large micro-/macroplastics and plastic litter (both amount of particles and their composition) along the Polish coast is highly site-specific and may be influenced by various local factors.

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Physical Control on Marine Debris Spreading Around Muara Gembong, Jakarta Bay

Faizal Ibnu, Purba Noir Primadona, Martasuganda Marine Kenzie, Abimanyu Amarif, Akbar Muhammad Royhand, Sugianto Erik

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 8

12--20

EN

The Citarum River flows through different characteristic of terrestrials with 297 km length and become one of the largest rivers in West Java. It potentially transfers debris from land into the sea. This research aimed to define the Marine Debris (MD) trajectories based on seasonal monsoon. The method used was numerical analysis combined with artificial debris pathways. The simulation controlled by ocean currents, tide, wind pattern, and bathymetry conditions. The MD observations were conducted in four mouth of estuaries across the Muara Gembong areas. These simulations with specific time during two main monsoons (the northwest and southeast Monsoon) period. The results showed that the debris trajectory patterns vary in the two monsoons. The macro debris trajectory showed the waste patterns similar to oceanographic condition, especially the ocean currents pattern. The trajectories of waste from two estuaries flow towards the south and southwest follow the coastal contours. Specifically, in Northwest Monsoon, MD spread to the south and was stranded in the surrounding coast areas. In Southeast Monsoon, MD was forced to the central of Jakarta bay and surrounding islands in the western and southern side of the estuaries. Compared to the Bendera estuary, the MD that comes from Jaya estuary affects the surrounding areas, including in the northern side and southern side.

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Addendum to “Stokes transport in layers in the water column based on long-term wind statistics : assessment using long-term wave statistics”

Myrhaug Dag, Wang Hong, Holmedal Lars Erik

Oceanologia

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2019

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No. 61 (4)

522--526

EN

This article addresses the Stokes drift in layers in the water column for deep water random waves based on wave statistics in terms of the sea state wave parameters significant wave height and mean zero-crossing wave period. This is exemplified by using long-term wave statistics from the North Atlantic, and is supplementary to Myrhaug et al. (2018) presenting similar results based on long-term wind statistics from the same ocean area. Overall, it appears that the results based on long-term wave statistics and long-term wind statistics are consistent. The simple analytical tool provided here is useful for estimating the wave-induced drift in layers in the water column relevant for the assessment of the transport of, for example, marine litter in the ocean based on, for example, global wave statistics.

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Stokes transport in layers in the water column based on long-term wind statistics

Myrhaug D., Wang H., Holmedal L. E.

Oceanologia

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2018

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No. 60 (3)

305--311

EN

This paper addresses the Stokes transport velocity for deep water random waves in given layers in the water column based on wind statistics, which can be estimated by the simple analytical tool provided here. Results are exemplified by using the Phillips and Pierson-Moskowitz model wave spectra together with long-term wind statistics from one location in the northern North Sea and from four locations in the North Atlantic. The results are relevant for e.g. assessing the drift of marine litter in the ocean based on, for example, global wind statistics.