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1
Content available Analysis of communication ontology between sea-going vessels in real collision situations
Hatłas-Sowińska Paulina, Wielgosz Mirosław
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2022
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nr 69 (141)
91--97
EN
This article explores the use of ontology for semi-automatic marine vessel navigation and ship-to-ship communication to mitigate collision risk. Semi-automatic vessel communication is a step towards automatic communication for autonomous ships. Examples of how such communication can be used is discussed, based on a comprehensive analysis of selected marine collisions, with particular attention to the communication conducted on ships. The effectiveness of such communication was assessed and compared. The suggested solutions are based on the review of official reports from accident investigations. The novelties of this work include original ontologies and interfaces. Through this work, it could be possible to fully automate communication processes between ships. In future work, the research results in this work will be used to create a system of automatic communications for manned and autonomous vessels.
2
Content available Proposal of new measures for risk assessment in navigation – a case study of the M/V Cosco Busan accident
Bošnjak Rino, Bukljaš Mihaela, Medić Dario, Vukša Srđan
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2021
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nr 67 (139)
9--15
EN
This study discusses the marine accident involving the Cosco Busan, the container ship that hit the base of the Delta Tower of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge in November 2007. An analysis of the elements resulting in the accident and its consequences has been carried out, followed by an analysis of the navigational risk using mathematical and tabular values. Mathematical values refer to the navigational risk in a specific sailing area, while tabular values refer to the navigational risk using a risk assessment. The main goal of this research was to identify and propose new measures that are correlated with a risk assessment. These measures should be applied in areas where an accident takes place so that future marine accidents can be reduced.
3
Content available Spatial distribution analysis of ship accidents in the Çanakkale Strait
Bayazit Ozan, Toz Ali C., Buber Muge
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2020
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nr 62 (134)
9--17
EN
This study used a spatial distribution analysis to identify the risky areas in the Çanakkale Strait – one of the narrowest waterways with high marine traffic – in terms of ship accidents. To accomplish this, a point density analysis, as part of the geographic information systems (GIS) methodology, was used to create accident density distributions and thematic maps. A total of 162 marine accidents in the Çanakkale Strait between 2007 and 2018 were taken into account. Detailed technical data of accidents were obtained from accident reports provided by the Turkish Maritime Search and Rescue Coordination Center (TMSRCC). The results showed that, among the 162 cases, bulk carriers have the highest accident rate, and most accidents at the Nara Turn were caused by engine failure. In addition, accidents due to navigational failure occurred in every region of the strait. Remarkably, factors directly and indirectly related to human error were still the determining factors in marine accidents. As a result, the risk of marine accidents was higher in the narrow portions of the waterway, and navigation was difficult, especially in areas such as the Nara Turn Point. In future research, it is recommended to consider a wider period of activities using different methods to provide more comprehensive results.
4
Content available General average in Polish maritime law
Szymankiewicz Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
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2019
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nr 58 (130)
123--127
EN
The law of general average is one of the oldest institutions in maritime law, which is still applicable in contemporary shipping. Although the role and function of general average have naturally changed throughout centuries of its history (the main reasons therefor being the popularization of maritime insurance, which evolved much later than the general average) and general average has been and is subject to criticism pointing to its anachronistic nature and redundancy in today’s maritime economic realities. However practice shows that general average continues to resist these accusations and is commonly used in the practice of maritime commercial trade. This article deals with the issue of general average in light of Polish maritime law regulations, the essence and specificity of these legislative solutions concerning the safety of shipping in Poland, and also gives examples of events that occurred at sea that permit the announcement of an act of the general average. This article also presents considerations with regard to arguments in favour of maintaining the institution of general average as a legal instrument used in shipping, as well as critical voices emphasizing the need to eliminate general average as an institution of maritime law aimed at distributing losses, incurred to avoid a common peril, to the participants of a maritime adventure.
5
Content available Analysis of Human Errors Related to Many Marine Accidents Occurring While Anchoring and Manoeuvring at an Anchorage
Rutkowski Grzegorz
Scientific Journal of Gdynia Maritime University
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2019
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nr 112
45--59
EN
The purpose and scope of this paper is to describe anchoring procedures and typical human errors that are the cause of many marine accidents related to the anchoring of vessels and their manoeuvring in anchorage areas. In this paper the author focuses on typical marine accidents recorded for very large crude carriers (VLCC). As a result of the analyses, it can be seen that in the vast majority of cases these accidents are caused by human error and are related to the violation of accepted maritime anchor practices and a failure to observe the relevant safety and security procedures. The consequences of the accidents vary from the minor (e.g. slight structural damage to the anchor winches or other marine equipment) to the serious, which result in dry dock repairs due to hull damage, loss of stability and/or loss of navigability. The described cases refer to both favourable and extremely unfavourable hydro meteorological conditions, the latter including strong winds, currents and waves within the confined anchorage area.
6
Content available An evaluation of Voyage Date Recorders and S(Simplified)-VDR by maritime experts
Walczak A., Skotnicka M.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
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2011
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nr 26 (98)
108-113
EN
This study presents the results of research aimed at assessing the importance of a Voyage Data Recorder (black box) in an analysis of the ship conduct. The analysis was performed by teams of Polish maritime experts, judges, a ministry delegate and jurors of the Maritime Court in Szczecin, experienced captains, chief engineers and officers of the watch of the merchant fleet.
PL
Opracowanie przedstawia wyniki badań oceny znaczenia rejestratorów danych z podróży (Voyage Data Recorder) ("czarna skrzynka") w analizie przebiegu prawidłowości prowadzenia statku przez zespoły polskich ekspertów morskich, sędziów, delegata i ławników Izby Morskiej w Szczecinie, doświadczonych kapitanów i starszych mechaników oraz oficerów wachtowych floty handlowej.
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