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A Multivocal Literature Review on Non-Technical Debt in Software Development: An Insight into Process, Social, People, Organizational, and Culture Debt

Saeeda Hina, Ahamd Muhammad Ovais, Gustavsson Tomas

e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, nr 1

240101

EN

Software development encompasses various factors beyond technical considerations. Neglecting non-technical elements like individuals, processes, culture, and social and organizational aspects can lead to debt-like characteristics that demand attention. Therefore, we introduce the non-technical debt (NTD) concept to encompass and explore these aspects. This indicates the applicability of the debt analogy to non-technical facets of software development. Technical debt (TD) and NTD share similarities and often arise from risky decision-making processes, impacting both software development professionals and software quality. Overlooking either type of debt can lead to significant implications for software development success. The current study conducts a comprehensive multivocal literature review (MLR) to explore the most recent research on NTD, its causes, and potential mitigation strategies. For analysis, we carefully selected 40 primary studies among 110 records published until October 1, 2022. The study investigates the factors contributing to the accumulation of NTD in software development and proposes strategies to alleviate the adverse effects associated with it. This MLR offers a contemporary overview and identifies prospects for further investigation, making a valuable contribution to the field. The findings of this research highlight that NTD’s impacts extend beyond monetary aspects, setting it apart from TD. Furthermore, the findings reveal that rectifying NTD is more challenging than addressing TD, and its consequences contribute to the accumulation of TD. To avert software project failures, a comprehensive approach that addresses NTD and TD concurrently is crucial. Effective communication and coordination play a vital role in mitigating NTD, and the study proposes utilizing the 3C model as a recommended framework to tackle NTD concerns.

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Computer Game Scenario Representation: A Systematic Mapping Study

Paschali Maria-Eleni, Stamelos Ioannis

e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, nr 1

art. no. 230103

EN

Background: Game scenario is an important factor for achieving player enjoyment; consisting a key business success factor. Additionally, the production of early design artifacts is crucial for the success of the development process. However, representing scenarios is a non-trivial task: (a) multiple aspects of the game need to be visualized; and (b) there is a plethora of representation approaches, out of which the game designer needs to select from. Aim: The goal of this work is to provide a panorama of the current scenario representation approaches, to aid game engineers in selecting the most fitting scenario representation approach and understand the existing designing options. Method: We have performed a Systematic Mapping Study, using 4 digital libraries, since the main goal can be achieved through study classification. By following an established search and filtering process, we have identified 717 articles, and analyzed in detail 95. Results: Diagrams are the most common generic approach to represent scenario; Game story is the most usual part of the scenario being represented; Characters are the most common component; and Transitions are the most usual connectors. Conclusion: Researchers may get useful information for empirically investigating several game engineering aspects; whereas game engineers can efficiently select the most fitting approach.

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Systematic Literature Review on Search Based Mutation Testing

Nishtha J., Bharti S., Shweta R.

e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal

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2017

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Vol. 11, nr 1

59--76

EN

Search based techniques have been widely applied in the domain of software testing. This Systematic Literature Review aims to present the research carried out in the field of search based approaches applied particularly to mutation testing. During the course of literature review, renowned databases were searched for the relevant publications in the field to include relevant studies up to the year 2014. Few studies for the year 2015-16, gathered by performing snowball search, have also been included. For reviewing the literature in the field, 43 studies were evaluated, out of which 18 studies were thoroughly studied and analysed. The result of this SLR shows that search based techniques were applied to mutation testing primarily for two purposes, either for mutant optimisation or for test case optimisation. The future directions of this SLR suggests the application of search based techniques for other issues related to mutation testing, like, solution to equivalents mutants, generation of non-trivial mutants, multi-objective test data generation and non-functional testing.