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Evaluation of static loads for manual warehouse work using computer simulation – case study

Ignac-Nowicka Jolanta

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2022

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nr 72 (144)

17--24

EN

This article presents an analysis of the static loads on the human body during selected manual unloading tasks carried out by warehouse workers in a logistics company. The aim of the presented analyses is to minimize static loads in the work process and thus make the employees’ work more comfortable. A tool in the form of 3D SSPP software for ergonomic workload assessment was used to carry out static load analyses. For the two selected activities, the values of the developed forces of statically working muscles and the forces acting on the vertebrae of the spine were determined. For the values of static loads identified, based on the simulation of the 3D SSPP program, modifications in work posture and a change in the manner of performing the tested activities were devised. Moreover, the proposed reorganization of the tasks examined was verified by the reassessment of the static loads on the muscles using the 3D SSPP tool. The analyses carried out after the reorganization of work confirmed the reduction in static loads and the improvement in work comfort for the analyzed manual tasks.

2

Bezpieczeństwo ręcznych prac transportowych w magazynie : wymagania prawne określające zasady wykonywania pracy

Górny A.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 3

2078--2087

PL

Wykonywanie ręcznych prac transportowych związane jest z powstawaniem istotnych zagrożeń dla osób wykonujących te czynności. Wymaga to, uwzględnienia potencjalnych strat spowodowanych nadmiernym obciążeniem układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego podczas planowania pracy. Poziom występujących zagrożeń i strat zobligował ustawodawcę do przyjęcia regulacji prawnych, które jednoznacznie określają zasady i dopuszczalne warunki wykonywania ręcznych prac transportowych. Wymagania te odniesiono do określonych grup zatrudnionych. Z założenia, wykonywanie ręcznych prac transportowych zgodnie z zasadami określonymi w oparciu o obowiązujące wymagania prawne zapewnić powinno uzyskanie akceptowalnego poziomu ryzyka i ograniczenie potencjalnych strat. Dla pracodawcy stanowi to istotny czynnik wskazujący na zasadność ich stosowania w trakcie prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej.

EN

The executing of manual handling is connected with essential hazards formation for people this actions putting into practise. There is a very important for potential losses with the excessive burden of the musculo-skeletal system. The level of hazards and losses obliged legislator for receiver of legal requirements, which define unambiguously principles and admissible conditions manual handling. These requirements have been to particular workers' groups referred. Compliant with legal principles, a executing of manual handling should to make provision for obtainment of acceptable risk level and limitation of potential losses. For employer there are essential factors determine legitimacy of them applying in business.

3

Bezpieczeństwo ręcznych prac transportowych w magazynie : identyfikacja i ocena zagrożeń związanych z przenoszeniem i podnoszeniem ładunków

Tobis J., Górny A.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 3

6345--6357

PL

W opracowaniu przedstawiono analizę zagrożeń, wraz z oceną ryzyka osób zatrudnionych na stanowiskach magazyniera w magazynie materiałów elektrotechnicznych. Do przeprowadzenia identyfikacji zagrożeń i oceny ryzyka wykorzystano brytyjską metodę MAC (Manual Handling Assessment Charts, pol.: Karty Oceny Ręcznych Prac Transportowych). Zastosowana metoda umożliwiła wskazanie najbardziej niebezpiecznych pozycji podczas pracy, związanych z podnoszeniem i przenoszeniem ładunków przez jedną osobę lub zespół pracowników. Ponadto, zastosowana metoda umożliwiła zbadanie wpływu warunków środowiska pracy na technikę przemieszczania ładunków. W ocenie wykorzystano podstawową zaletę metody MAC, którą jest precyzyjne wskazanie czynników generujących najwyższy poziom ryzyka. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników zaproponowano rozwiązania techniczne i organizacyjne eliminujące bądź ograniczające prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia urazów.

EN

This article show hazards analysis with risk assessment for worker in electro-technical warehouse. In the execution of hazards identification and risk assessment the British MAC (Manual Handling Assessment Charts) methods has been using. Applied method made possible indication the most dangerous postures during work, connected with lifting and transport of loads by worker or workers' team. Moreover, the using method made possible a valuation of influence work environment condition on technique of the loads moving. In the assessment the basic MAC method advantage has been used. This is a precise indication of factors the highest level of risk generating. On basis of received results technical and organizational solutions was proposed. These solutions eliminate or reduce the probability of injuries pronouncement.

4

Team-Based Risk Assessment and Action Plans as Participatory Methods for Safe Patient Handling in Two Swedish Municipal Care Homes for the Elderly

Skoglind-Ohman I., Vayrynen S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2013

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Vol. 19, No. 3

463--474

EN

Objective. We investigated the usefulness of a team-based risk assessment method in patient transfer situations in municipal care homes for the elderly. Methods. Evaluation of risk assessment and action plans carried out in 2009. Focus group interviews with care givers and one-to-one interviews with managers and occupational therapists. Results. The evaluation showed that action plans and interventions were developed for each resident with identified risk connected with movement/transfer in daily life. Twenty-six patients (28%) of a total number of 94 were assigned to the "no risk" category regarding movement/transfer situations in daily life. The other 68 patients (72%) required further interventions, which were documented in action plans. The interviews indicated that the approach of team-based risk assessment and action plans was perceived as a functional participatory method aiming to improve daily life and work. Conclusion. Systematic team-based risk assessment and action plans benefit staff as well as residents at care homes for the elderly.

5

Safe manual handling in industrial production

Tabakova M., Dulina L

Applied Computer Science

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2007

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Vol. 3, no 2

102--114

EN

This section provides the technical information for using the revised lifting equation to evaluate a variety of two-handed manual lifting tasks. Definitions, restrictions/limitations, and data requirements for the revised lifting equation are also provided.

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Manual Handling Injuries in Health Care Workers

Bewick N., Gardner D.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2000

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Vol. 6, No. 2

209--221

EN

Nursing aides are particularly susceptible to manual handling injuries because they have the primary responsibility for heavy lifting. The aim of this study was to determine why a specific group of nursing aides have the highest manual handling injury rate in their hospital. The study investigated the adequacy of the manual handling training program, knowledge of manual handling, mechanical aid availability, and use of mechanical aids. Results indicated that the nursing aides’ manual handling knowledge was adequate but that they rarely used mechanical aids. This lack of use of aids was in part due to an over-reliance on their own strength and abilities. This may have been due to a lack of suitable mechanical aids on the wards or a lack of familiarity with the available aids. This study suggests that neither training alone nor the purchase of equipment alone is likely to resolve manual handling problems.

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Effects of Manual Handling, Posture, and Whole Body Vibrations on Low-Back Pain

Meyer J. P., Flenghi D., Deschamps J. P.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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1998

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Vol. 4, No. 4

449--470

EN

To determine the effect of occupational stress on low-back pain (LBP), a cross-sectional study has been carried out, by interviews, on workers exposed to 3 stresses: manual handling (MH, 82 women and 264 men), whole body vibrations (WBV, 274 men), and static postures (278 women). Anthropometric data, occupational stress, LBP severity and frequency, and a psychological evaluation of these groups were compared to those of a control population of 208 workers (104 men and 104 women). The results show that 30% of the population had never suffered from LBP. Age and the body mass index of the workers were the parameters most closely associated with LBP. Women involved in MH had higher frequency and severity of LBP than their reference population. Men involved in MH or exposed to WBV had higher frequency of painful episodes than their reference population. Workers exposed to one of the stresses were on sick leave for LBP more often, and for longer periods, than workers in the reference group. The results show that individual factors are often decisive in the onset of LBP. Nevertheless, in the more serious LBP cases, occupational stress is an aggravating factor for LBP and its consequences.