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Chromium Accumulation by Avicennia alba Growing at Ecotourism Mangrove Forest in Surabaya, Indonesia

Titah Harmin Sulistiyaning, Pratikno dan Herman

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 2

222--227

EN

The Ecotourism Mangrove Forest at Wonorejo in East Coast Surabaya area is one of large mangrove forests inside in the metropolitan city in Indonesia. There are many ecological values of the mangrove forest in most tropical countries such as sea fisheries, place of sea and coastal animals, sea and brackish water quality protecting the endangered mangrove coastlines and development of human life. The role of mangrove in increasing the sea and brackish water quality can be shown through many processes such as cycling of nutrients, particulate matter and some pollutants in water and sediment around the mangrove plants. One of the inorganic pollutants that can be removed by mangrove are heavy metals, such as chromium (Cr). The Wonorejo River is one of the rivers that receive the disposal of wastewater in Surabaya East Coast area. Large quantitites of wastewater from industries and households were released to this river. The concentration of Cr at the Wonorejo Estuary reached 0.0325 mg/L and 2.7761 mg/L in sediments. The purpose of this research was to determine the potency of Cr accumulation by Avicennia alba that was grown for ten years at Wonorejo Ecotourism Mangrove Forest. The sampling activities were conducted using a transect quadrat sampling method with a 10x10 m dimension. The sediment and mangrove root samples were extracted before being analysed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the Cr accumulation by roots of A. alba reached 25.4 ± 1.6 to 55.3 ± 1.1. The BCF value in A. alba were 0.32 ± 0.01 to 0.83 ± 0.5 with the concentration Cr in sediment were 60 ± 1.4 to 79.3 ± 1.1. A. alba showed potential as a moderate accumulator for Cr. In conclusion, A. alba can be considered for use in phyto-monitoring and phytoremediation of Cr in coastal areas.

2

Sustainability and growth - study in environmental pistemology

Bołtuć P.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2015

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z. 84

27--48

EN

Sustainable development is sometimes taken to mean stagnation and even civilizational regress. This is based on the philosophy that treats the Earth as an overcrowded lifeboat, which originated with P. Ehrlich. This approach is based on two theses: A general thesis, that the Earth has some limits to its carrying capacity, and an empirical thesis, that the Earth is about to reach the limits of carrying capacity. The general thesis is true, in general terms. To support the empirical thesis Ehrlich and the Club of Rome presented a testable hypothesis (shortages of natural resources and food). Those predictions failed to materialize. Currently, the empirical thesis is supported largely by intuitions. The view of the Earth as overcrowded leads to pessimistic and anti-humanist approaches. A better vision, proposed by Elon Musk and recent environmental epistemology, shows that civilizational development gives us a better chance to solve the real environmental challenges.

PL

Zrównoważony rozwój niekiedy traktowany jest nie jako rozwój, ale stagnacja lub regres cywilizacyjny. Podejście takie, które zapoczątkował P. Ehrlich opiera się na filozofii traktującej Ziemię jako przeładowaną tratwę ratunkową oraz na dwóch tezach: Teza ogólna, iż Ziemia ma maksymalną zdolność uniesienia pewnej ilości ludzi, oraz teza empiryczna, iż Ziemia niedługo osiągnie taką granicę. Teza ogólna jest w generalnym sensie prawdziwa. Na poparcie tezy empirycznej Ehrlich i Klub Rzymski przedstawili testowalne hipotezy (przewidywano kryzys surowcowy i żywnościowy), które nie sprawdziły się. Obecnie teza empiryczna jest wspierana jedynie za pomocą zachowawczych intuicji. Podejście do Ziemi jako przeludnionej ma pesymistyczne i antyhumanistyczne konsekwencje. Lepszą wizję proponuje Elon Musk i nowoczesna epistemologia środowiska naturalnego, która pokazuje, że rozwój cywilizacyjno-technologiczny daje najlepszą szansę rozwiązania problemów środowiska naturalnego.

3

Effect of mangrove forest structures on wave attenuation in coastal Vietnam

Bao T.Q.

Oceanologia

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2011

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No. 53 (3)

807-818

EN

This paper analyses wave attenuation in coastal mangrove forests in Vietnam. Data from 32 mangrove plots of six species located in 2 coastal regions are used for this study. In each plot, mangrove forest structures and wave height at different cross-shore distances are measured. Wave height closely relates to cross-shore distances. 92 exponential regression equations are highly significant with R2 > 0.95 and P val. < 0.001. Wave height reduction depends on initial wave height, cross-shore distances, and mangrove forest structures. This relationship is used to define minimum mangrove band width for coastal protection from waves in Vietnam.