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Utilization of post-fermentation maize waste by thermal conversion

Stachowiak-Wencek Agata, Zborowska Magdalena, Walkowiak Małgorzata, Waliszewska Hanna, Waliszewska Bogusława

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

2019

vol. 62, nr 204

115--126

One of the essential requirements in the running of a biogas plant is the proper management of the by-product resulting from the production of biogas, i.e. the post-fermentation mass. One of the possibilities for the treatment of a fixed post-fermentation fraction is its combustion. In this study, the basic physicochemical properties of the post-fermented pulp obtained from maize waste are determined in terms of their combustion potential. Parameters such as elemental analysis, moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content, heat of combustion and calorific value were determined for the raw material without pre- -treatment, as well as for the raw material after chemical hydrolysis and extrusion. The tested material was subjected to both acidic and alkaline hydrolysis. Acidic hydrolysis was carried out with sulfuric acid (concentration 3% and 7%) and alkaline hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide (concentration 1% and 3%). Under pre-treatment, the raw material was also subjected to low- and hightemperature extrusion. Low-temperature extrusion was carried out at 110°C, and high-temperature extrusion in the range 140–160°C. The purpose of the pre- -treatment was to achieve the fragmentation of lignin, a substance not degraded by enzymatic hydrolysis. On the basis of the research, the suitability of the analyzed raw material for thermal utilization was determined. After drying, the residue after fermentation had high calorific value, similar to that of other types of biomass. It also had a lower content of volatile matter and increased ash content compared with the non-fermented raw material. High nitrogen content was a significant parameter distinguishing the studied material from other types of biomass. The decision to burn waste should be preceded by careful analysis of its physical and chemical properties, as this enables appropriate preventive action to be taken.