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EN
Purpose: The aim of this review is recapitulating the FMR/EPR study of localized magnetic centers and clusters in co modified nanocomposites titanium dioxide by nitrogen and group of transitions magnetic metals. Design/methodology/approach: In some cases, modified in this way, titanium dioxides improve their photocatalytic properties where localized magnetic moments and spincorrelated systems play a very important role in their physical properties that are important in their applications. Findings: The modified titanium dioxides without introducing ions from the group of transition metals may have EPR spectra of free radicals and titanium ions at a lower oxidation state, which are responsible for the increase in photocatalytic activity. Modifying the additional magnetic ions from the group of transition metals there are additional very intense FMR spectra which are strongly temperature dependent. Static measurements (DC), magnetization as a function of temperature indicate the formation of magnetic orderings, superparamagnetic and paramagnetic state. Research limitations/implications: Modified nano-titanium dioxide composite prognosis applications in catalysis, photovoltaic or in spintronics. Originality/value: A large amount of work appears annually associated with the modified titanium dioxide by the various elements and especially from the group of transition metals and noble gases. Against this background, very little work appears on their dynamic and static magnetic properties that may impact on their ability applications.
2
Content available remote Study on new float polishing with the MCF
EN
Purpose: As a continuation of a previous paper, the report demonstrates the various possibilities of float polishing utilizing the present improved magnetic compound fluid (MCF). The MCF developed by one authors, Shimada, in 2001, was improved by the addition of alpha-cellulose, thereby achieving a clearance as great as 8 mm as shown in another paper. The present paper describes the possibility of the application of the MCF float polishing technique with alpha-cellulose. Design/methodology/approach: First, the results obtained under various polishing conditions of the MCF float polishing technique are described. These conditions include the various shapes of the magnet employed in the polishing tool, magnetic field strength, the concentration of alpha-cellulose, the motion of the specimen, the existence of a magnet fixed underneath the polished specimen, and initial surface roughness. Secondly, the present MCF float polishing technique can be used in many types of polishing, including polishing the inner surface of an acrylic resin tube, a wide flat surface through the use of a orbital polishing tool, and simultaneous float polishing of all surfaces of a three-dimensional complex shape. In addition, as other examples, the polishing on the integrated circuit (IC) substrate is shown. Findings: By the various polishing conditions of the MCF float polishing technique, the polishing effect is changed. On the other hand, as for the many applications of the MCF float polishing, inner surface, wide flat surface, rough initial surface, three-dimensional complex shape and IC substrate can be polished. Research limitations/implications: The data under various polishing conditions of the MCF float polishing technique helps to clarify the present polishing technique's possible practical applications. As shown in a previous paper, since MCF contains long magnetic clusters, the present polishing technique allows float polishing with large clearance. Therefore, many applications of the MCF float polishing are useful in the polishing fields. Practical implications: The present study indicates the practical application in the polishing. Originality/value: The present technique of MCF float polishing is new in the field of float polishing. In addition, the ordinary float polishing technique having large clearance has not been proposed. Therefore, the present paper is very useful in the polishing field.
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