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Features of the Oyster Mushroom Growth and Distribution in Suburban Forests and Urban Conditions of the Ukrainian Roztochya

Popovych Vasil, Dyda Oleksandra, Popovych Nataliya, Les Mykhailo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 5

202--212

The article is devoted to the study on the spatial distribution features of fungi – xylophytes and saprophytes – using the example of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm.) in suburban plantations (Ukrainian Roztochya) and urbogenic conditions of the city of Lviv. The natural-climatic and forest-typological characteristics of the study region were revealed. Detailed attention was focused on the occurrence of this species in various types of plantings within suburban forest parks, parks, urban gardens and street plantings. The distribution of oyster mushroom individuals in the population was calculated according to the conventional Schwerdtfeger method. The urban-ecological conditions of the suburban and urban green plantings of the Lviv city revealed a high level of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm.) distribution, due to a set of favorable edaphoclimatic conditions of habitats, age and mechanical damage to trees. It was found that the distribution of the individuals in the suburban forests is half of that in the urban areas, which is confirmed by the calculation of variance (dispersion). The dispersion of oyster mushroom individuals in Lviv is 29.3 m2. With spontaneous arrangement of individuals, the value of the dispersion is approximately equal to the average value of the number of mushrooms in the population, while there is a tendency for accumulation of the studied macromycetes (S2≥ m). In urban plantings, the dispersion of individuals is twice as large as in forests, which indicates the wide possibilities for the oyster mushroom spores dispersal.

Co-occurrence patterns of wood-decaying fungi on Picea abies logs: does Fomitopsis pinicola influence the other species?

Pouska V., Svoboda M., Lepš J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2013

Vol. 61, nr 1

119--133

Dominant fungi, especially primary decayers, probably influence other fungi growing together with them. Fomitopsis pinicola is one of the important primary decayers, and it has been shown that several other species regularly co-occur together with it. We asked whether the presence of common species (especially F. pinicola) affects the species richness and composition of other fungi. This study was conducted in an old-growth mountain spruce forest in the Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic. We surveyed logs on the ground for sporocarps of fungi in three successive years. Characteristics of logs such as dimensions, stage of decay and the cause of tree death (wind, competition, butt rot, bark beetles and unascertained) were recorded. F. pinicola was abundant mostly on logs that originated from trees infested by bark beetles. Analysis of covariance with the volume of logs and decay stage as covariables showed significant effect of these covariables and of F. pinicola presence on species numbers – logs in middle decay stages with the sporocarps of F. pinicola had more species than other logs. Based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis with volume, decay stage and the cause of tree death as covariables, the species composition on logs was also influenced by F. pinicola. We found such statistical effects in several other species. Redlisted species Antrodiella citrinella and Camarops tubulina co-occurred with F. pinicola.