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Żywność projektowana dla kobiet oraz mężczyzn

Hilal Adonis, Pyl Natalia, Florowska Anna, Wroniak Małgorzata

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2020

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T. 74, nr 12

25--29

PL

Pomimo że kobiety i mężczyźni mają 95,5% identycznego DNA, charakteryzują ich odmienne nawyki żywieniowe oraz różna podatność na zachorowalność na choroby dietozależne, w związku z tym potrzebują w swoim pożywieniu innych składników odżywczych. Żywność, której celem jest zaspokojenie potrzeb kobiet lub mężczyzn, to nowa tendencja w polskim przemyśle spożywczym. Jednakże produkty przeznaczone dla płci nie są do końca nową kategorią, gdyż taka żywność jest od dawna dostępna w Stanach Zjednoczonych i niektórych krajach Europy Zachodniej. Producenci, projektując żywność przeznaczoną dla danej płci, kierują się różnymi motywami. Na rynku można wyróżnić dwie kategorie takiej żywności. Pierwsza ma na celu wyłącznie zainteresowanie konkretnych grup konsumentów i opiera się na stereotypach niekoniecznie związanych z potrzebami żywieniowymi danej płci. Natomiast druga grupa bazuje na autentycznych potrzebach żywieniowych oraz uwzględnia profilaktykę chorób dietozależnych, a nie na stereotypy społeczno-kulturowe przypisane każdej płci.

EN

Although women and men have 95.5% identical DNA, they have different eating habits and different susceptibility to the incidence of diet-related diseases, therefore they need different nutrients in their food to prevent these diseases. Food aimed to satisfy the needs of women and men is a new trend in the Polish industry. However, gender-dedicated products are not entirely a new food category, as such food has long been available in the US and some Western European markets. When designing gender-dedicated food, producers follow various motives. There are two groups of genderdedicated food on the market. The first one aimed to interest a specific group of consumers, based on stereotypes not necessarily related to the nutritional needs of each gender. The second group, on the other hand, is based on current nutritional and preventive needs, and not on socio-cultural stereotypes prescribed for each gender.

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Tradition and innovation in Serbian 21st century architecture - the natural, structural materials’ impact on the human being

Milošević Predrag, Milošević Vladimir, Milošević Grigor

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2019

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Vol. 12, no. 2

57--67

EN

The aim of this paper is to illustrate what is happening at present in Serbia through the analysis of traditional Serbian construction, i.e. the technique and the conditions under which it was created. However, as the reality of the subject is quite cruel in today's time, this paper seeks to show the value of the principles on which traditional architecture rests, primarily through the use of natural materials in construction. The reason for this is the inextricable link between man and nature, the very essence of their interconnectedness, as well as the creation of a healthy, aesthetically valuable and quality living space. Based on these analyses, many conceptual solutions will be attached, i.e. the proposal of contemporary interpretation of certain traditional Serbian houses that can meet the needs of modern man and age, where old tradition is implemented in contemporary Serbian architecture.

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Stabilometric profile of handstand technique in male gymnasts

Sobera Małgorzata, Serafin Ryszard, Rutkowska-Kucharska Alicja

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2019

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Vol. 21, no. 1

63--71

EN

This study aimed to determine the characteristic features of handstand posture control associated with a high level of ability among male gymnasts. Methods: 8 acrobatic gymnasts (4 more and 4 less experienced) participated in the study. They performed a 10-second handstand five times with each hand positioned on one AccuSway (AMTI) force platform and the other hand on the second. Body sway changes were recorded in time series: centre of pressure (COP) and components of the ground reaction force (GRF) (vertical, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior). The COP amplitude and average of GRF components, the index of frequency (by Fast Fourier Transform) for the right and left hand were calculated. Results: More experienced gymnasts performing a handstand concentrate mainly on minimizing anterior-posterior body sway with minimum medial-lateral body sway. Less experienced gymnasts’ pressure exerted on a surface by the hands is irregular in a medial-lateral direction. More experienced gymnasts control body position in the handstand and show less variation of body sway compared to less experienced gymnasts. More experienced gymnasts revealed lower frequency of body sway in the handstand compared to less experienced gymnasts. Conclusion: The stabilometric profile of more experienced gymnasts means the better posture control in handstand. The minimizing of body sway is compensated by exerting more force on a floor surface and the less experienced athletes cannot do that even after several years of training. The gymnasts of both groups, during standing on their hands, put more load on the right hand.

4

Somatotype variables related to strength and power output in male basketball players

Buśko K., Pastuszak A., Lipińska M., Gryko K.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2017

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Vol. 19, no. 2

161--167

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between somatotype, muscular strength, power output measured in maximal cycle ergometer exercise bouts, and maximal power output and height of rise of the body mass centre (jump height) measured in akimbo counter movement jump (ACMJ), counter movement jump (CMJ) and spike jump (SPJ), in male basketball players. Methods: Thirteen male basketball players (second division, age 19.4±0.8 years, body height 192.9±5.6 cm, body mass 88.8±8.6 kg, training experience 9.3±0.8 years) participated in the study. Somatotype was determined using the Heath-Carter method. Maximal joint torques were measured under static conditions. Power output was measured in 2 maximal cycle ergometer exercise bouts, 10 s each, with increasing external loads equal to 7.5 and 10.0% of the body weight (BW). All jump trials (ACMJ, CMJ and SPJ) were performed on a force plate. Results: The mean somatotype of basketball players amounted to: 2.8-4.2-3.2. Sum of the joint torques for left and right lower extremities (0.613), trunk (0.631) and all six measured muscle groups (0.647) were significantly correlated (p<0.05) with mesomorphy and ectomorphy. Conclusion: It can be assumed that basketball players’ anthropometric characteristics can influence their level of performance but it is not a decisive factor.

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The human balance system and gender

Olchowik G., Tomaszewski M., Olejarz P., Warchoł J., Różańska-Boczula M., Maciejewski R.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2015

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Vol. 17, no. 1

69--74

EN

The human body balance system is a complex system of organs and mechanisms, which generate postural reactions to counter the displacement from the equilibrium position of the body centre of gravity, and which control eye movement in order to maintain a stable image of the environment. Computerised Dynamic Posturography (CDP) allows for a quantitative and objective assessment of the sensory and motor components of the body balance control system as well as of the integration and adaptive mechanisms in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine the differences, when maintaining body balance, based on the gender of young, healthy people using CDP. The study was carried out on a group of 43 healthy subjects by comparing the effectiveness of the balance system in 22 women and 21 men aged between 20 and 26 years, between 171 and 177 cm in height, and without any clinical symptoms of balance disorders. The men and women were selected such that they did not differ significantly in height and BMI. Using the Equitest posturograph manufactured by NeuroCom International Inc. the following tests were performed: Sensory Organisation Test (SOT), Motor Control Test (MCT) and the Adaptation Test (ADT). The gender of young healthy individuals without any clinical symptoms of balance disorders also does not affect the effectiveness of the sensory system and the use of this signal in maintaining body balance.

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Isokinetic muscle torque during glenohumeral rotation in dominant and nondominant limbs

Gołębiewska J. A., Mastalerz A., Zieliński J. R

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2008

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Vol. 10, nr 2

69-73

EN

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the side-to-side differences of isokinetic muscle torque during shoulder rotation in healthy nonathletic subjects. The strength was examined at two angles of glenohumeral abduction in the scapular plane (45° and 90°, respectively) and at three velocities (180°/s, 120°/s, 60°/s) using Biodex System 3Pro dynamometer. The maximal torques were achieved on dominant side in 45° abduction at 60°/s velocity, both for external and internal rotation. A general pattern was observed: abduction angle and velocity increase provoked a decrease in torque values, but each antagonistic muscle group was sensitive to a different factor. Significant differences between dominant and non-dominant limb were not observed in nonathletic male.