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1
Content available remote Nowoczesne spoiwa ceramiczne w odlewnictwie precyzyjnym
EN
Investment casting technology that utilizes lost-wax casting is one of the most-important achievements of ancient society. In Lower Silesia, Poland (Grzybiany, Legnica county), a 7-6 BC casting workshop was discovered with numerous artifacts, confirming the existence of the manufacturing process of metal ornaments using ceramic molds. The paper presents the research of molds and casts from the Bronze and Early Iron Ages. Microscopic analyses of the casting molds were performed, along with radiographic and chemical composition tests of the artifacts (the latter employing the use of the X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy method). The clustering method was used for alloy classification. The microstructure was analyzed by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Conclusions from the research were utilized in further experiments.
EN
Results of analysis presented in this paper were based on analysis of casts made especially for this research purpose and related to actual cast – industrial. The evaluation of the dimensional accuracy of casts was made in relation to the pressure of the liquid metal with consideration of the ceramic mould temperature. Ceramic moulds used in these analyses were made from crystalline quartz with an aqueous colloidal silica binder containing polymers (KK), and ethyl silicate (KE).
PL
W artykule opisano pokrótce zasady oraz sposób prowadzenia procesu odlewania metodą traconego wosku; wyszczególniono także możliwości zastosowania tego procesu w różnych dziedzinach gospodarki. W opisie tym skoncentrowano się głównie na woskach odlewniczych stosowanych do wytwarzania modeli (wzorników) oraz na wymaganiach jakościowych, jakie powinny one spełniać. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono metodzie uzyskiwania modeli woskowych za pomocą procesu wytwarzania addytywnego (warstwa po warstwie), przy użyciu techniki druku 3D. W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę jakościową dla zestawu dwóch materiałów woskowych stosowanych w drukarkach 3D: materiału do wytwarzania modelu woskowego oraz wosku do wytwarzania podpory modelu. Omówiono skład chemiczny tych produktów pracujących w systemie druku Solidscape oraz 3D Systems.
EN
In this article, the principles and manner of conducting the lost wax casting process was briefly described; it also details the possibilities for applying this process in different domains of the economy. This description concentrated on the casting waxes applied to fabricate patterns (moulds) and on their qualitative demands. Particular attention is devoted to the method for wax patterns fabrication by means of the additive production process (layer by layer), using 3D printing techniques. Qualitative characteristic is presented in the article for two sets of wax materials, used in 3D printers: material to fabricate a wax pattern and wax support material. The chemical composition of these products working in the SOLIDSCAPE and 3D system is discussed
EN
In the opinion of metrologists, technologists and trybologists surface microgeometry is one of the most important factors affecting the performance characteristics of the machine parts (resistance to wear, sliding and lubricating properties, durability and tightness of joints, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, etc.). The analysis was made of the ceramic mould elements structure influence on the microgeometry of steel castings surface and their dimensional accuracy. To assess the structure of the ceramic mould previous studies made with usage of computer tomography where used, those studies highlight the ceramic mould structure anisotropy and its properties.
EN
Shape accuracy analysis of aluminum alloy castings was made in function of ceramic mould properties. Taken it to account was anisotropy of those properties, including influence of ceramic mould properties on the porosity of castings. Ceramic moulds strains, which occur in sintering phase, were evaluated with taking into account the design and production process.
EN
This research paper will present and analyze selected testing of wax patterns - bending strength test, test of resistance to creep and penetration hardness test. Evaluation of these tests will be carried out in terms of the shape accuracy of wax patterns. Additionally, statistical evaluation will be carried out of relationships between selected parameters of previously mentioned tests. Standard bending tests will be statistically evaluated and compared with two other test methods conducted on corresponding patterns. Particular attention will be given to creep resistance, which is a very useful test method for assessing changes in the shape of complex patterns in the function of time and temperature. At the same time an evaluation of hardness tests of wax patterns will be carried out with usage of appropriate samples or by direct examination of the production patterns.
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