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1
EN
In this paper a scaling approach for the solution of 2D FE models of electric machines is proposed. This allows a geometrical and stator and rotor resistance scaling as well as a rewinding of a squirrel cage induction machine enabling an efficient numerical optimization. The 2D FEM solutions of a reference machine are calculated by a model based hybrid numeric induction machine simulation approach. In contrast to already known scaling procedures for synchronous machines the FEM solutions of the induction machine are scaled in the stator-current-rotor-frequency-plane and then transformed to the torque-speed-map. This gives the possibility to use a new time scaling factor that is necessary to keep a constant field distribution. The scaling procedure is validated by the finite element method and used in a numerical optimization process for the sizing of an electric vehicle traction drive considering the gear ratio. The results show that the scaling procedure is very accurate, computational very efficient and suitable for the use in machine design optimization.
2
Content available remote Loss calculation method for hybrid excited machines
EN
This paper presents an experimental method for determining the main losses components in permanent magnets synchronous machines with hybrid excitation (HPMSM). To model the sources of losses is very important in order to optimize such machines and to develop robust control strategies (minimum losses optimization) which can be used in practical applications. Proposed approach was validated using time domain simulations and experiments. Experimental results clearly exhibit the benefits of including core loss model in control system of HPMSM.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono eksperymentalną metodę wyznaczania głównych składników strat maszyn synchronicznych z magnesami trwałymi i wzbudzeniu hybrydowym (HPMSM). Zamodelowanie źródeł strat jest istotne dla optymalizacji tych maszyn oraz dla opracowania właściwych strategii ich sterowania (przy minimalizacja strat), które mogłyby być zastosowane w praktyce. Zaproponowany algorytm został sprawdzony teoretycznie i doświadczalnie. Wyniki badań eksperymentalnych pokazały zalety uwzględnienia strat mocy w algorytmie sterowania HPMSM.
EN
This paper presents a numerical modeling method for AC losses in highly dynamic linear actuators with high temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes. The AC losses and generated force of two actuators, with different placement of the cryostats, are compared. In these actuators, the main loss component in the superconducting tapes are hysteresis losses, which result from both the non-sinusoidal phase currents and movement of the permanent magnets. The modeling method, based on the H-formulation of the magnetic fields, takes into account permanent magnetization and movement of permanent magnets. Calculated losses as function of the peak phase current of both superconducting actuators are compared to those of an equivalent non-cryogenic actuator.
EN
Due to the limited space availability and the high demand on power density and efficiency, the permanent magnet synchronous machine issuitable for application in parallel hybrid electric vehicles. The desired reduction of the vehicle’s fuel consumption requires a good efficiency, and thus low losses. Therefore, the design process of the electrical machine has to include a loss calculation determining all losses such as iron losses, magnet eddy-current losses and Ohmic losses. Since the machine is operated over a wide range of operation points, the losses must be calculated depending on different values of the current, the field-weakening angle and the rotational speed. As the harmonic content of the magnetic flux has a significant effect upon the lamination’s iron losses and the magnet’s eddy-current losses, the effect of block-shaped currents and real current forms of PWM-fed machines are also studied in this paper.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono projekt maszyny synchronicznej stosowanej w samochodach elektrycznych. Celem jest zmniejszenie zużycia paliwa i strat w żelazie. Ponieważ punkty pracy są zmienne straty należało określić dla różnych wartości prądów, przy różnych prędkościach. Przeanalizowano wpływ zawartości harmonicznych na straty, uwzględniono zblachowanie rdzenia.
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