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Type A Standard Uncertainty of Long-Term Noise Indicators

Batko W. M., Stępień B.

Archives of Acoustics

2014

Vol. 39, No. 1

25--36

The problem of estimation of the long-term environmental noise hazard indicators and their uncer- tainty is presented in the present paper. The type A standard uncertainty is defined by the standard deviation of the mean. The rules given in the ISO/IEC Guide 98 are used in the calculations. It is usually determined by means of the classic variance estimators, under the following assumptions: the normality of measurements results, adequate sample size, lack of correlation between elements of the sample and observation equivalence. However, such assumptions in relation to the acoustic measurements are rather questionable. This is the reason why the authors indicated the necessity of implementation of non-classical statistical solutions. An estimation idea of seeking density function of long-term noise indicators distri- bution by the kernel density estimation, bootstrap method and Bayesian inference have been formulated. These methods do not generate limitations for form and properties of analyzed statistics. The theoretical basis of the proposed methods is presented in this paper as well as an example of calculation process of expected value and variance of long-term noise indicators LDEN and LN. The illustration of indicated solutions and their usefulness analysis were constant due to monitoring results of traffic noise recorded in Cracow, Poland.

Complex noise indicator for noise mapping based on the EU working groups' and Polish results of the annoyance investigations

Kucharski R.

Archives of Acoustics

2007

Vol. 32, No. 2

293-302

The Noise Directive 2002/49/EU includes obligations for noise mapping for agglomerations above 250 thousand citizens in the first step and later - above 100 thousand people. The noise map of the city consists of, at least, 4 layers of information. Each layer, in graphical form, represents different kinds of noise distribution, for traffic, railway, air and industrial noise. One can ask how to assess the complex exposure for all noises from all layers of the map? The proposition of the complex index evaluation is developed in the paper. At first, it was assumed that the basic indicator for complex description of the acoustic conditions is the sum of the weighted noise exposures connected with the LDWN level from different category of noise. The weights for the complex indicator were worked out on the basis of the results of the noise annoyance investigations, carried out by the European Working Group on health and socio-economic aspects, published in position papers (year 2002 and later). However, one can ask if the European relation between noise levels and noise annoyance is correct for Polish conditions? In the second part of the paper the results of the comparisons between EU's and Polish annoyance curves are presented. The curves were obtained as the correlation's product of the subjective assessments (query) and LDWN levels measurements and calculations. These investigations in Poland were carried out as a part of the annually project called "Noise Monitoring System" (coordinated by Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection). Their background results are characterized in the paper.