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EN
Aim: The article aims to answer the following questions regarding the challenges of the modern world, support for inter-organizational relationships, and the use of initiatives in the field of science and business conducive to increasing competitiveness. It attempts to determine how to develop and manage contemporary initiatives regarding cooperation between the worlds of science, culture, art and business while maintaining the principles of ethics and culture, and how to help build support for business, science and culture. The aim of the article is also to demonstrate how the region’s managers can prevent the escalation of war-related issues and what actions to take to prevent local societies from generating problems. Finally, the article tries to indicate how to build lasting inter-organizational relationships, how science, culture and art can contribute to solving local problems, and how informal clusters can support regional management through inter-organizational cooperation. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses the methods of literature research and a case study in the Świętokrzyskie region. Findings: The article presents an example of an inter-organizational cooperation initiative promoting the worlds of business, science, culture, art and local governments in the Świętokrzyskie region in the study of selected cases. The issue of building competitive advantages of the region through the development of inter-organizational relationships between the worlds of science, business, culture and art is also addressed. Practical implications: Region managers can implement inter-organizational cooperation, which brings the most benefits, by including cooperation with scientific, cultural, art, sports and business institutions. The article characterizes initiatives of inter-organizational cooperation between business, science, culture and art. Inter-organizational cooperation initiatives can be used as sources of new competitive advantages for the region and building effective management strategies. Modern management of the region’s competitiveness is the development of a mentality based on the principles of learning to use the regionally demonstrated freedom and ethics of business behaviour that implements inter-organizational cooperation, which is characterized in the case study. The inter-organizational cooperation initiatives analysed in this article in the Świętokrzyskie region have a synergistic effect and benefits in a number of other regions of Poland; therefore, they are an effective tool for managing the region in the aspect of building inter-organizational relationships. Social implications: Effective management of the region involves creating a society that is willing to undertake conflict-free changes, implements innovations, is open to discussion and dialogue, and introduces conflict-free change implementation. Recent years have shown that high intellectual capital and the implementation of new technologies and innovations can become a competitive advantage, provided that society is a conscious, sensitive and ethical recipient of the proposed competitive strategies of enterprises. The analysis of the problems of the war between Ukraine and Russia demonstrates that the managers of the region should make every effort in order to encourage the society to develop an attitude of sensitivity to harm, entrepreneurship based on the principles of ethical competition, the use of democratic freedom in a reasonable manner, as well as the use of property for purposes related to the development of emotional sensitivity to manifestations of intolerance and replacing conflicts with cooperation. In the long run, the effects of such management will benefit every participant of the market, because everyone is a resident of a region and has similar needs (security, development, improvement), and inter-organizational cooperation can achieve this through a region management strategy. Originality/value: The article characterizes modern regional management, which, owing to inter-organizational cooperation between business, science, culture, art and local government, will support the peaceful resolution of regional problems and conflicts (war, famine, poverty) through the development of behaviour aimed at building inter-organizational relationships. Modern competition rules are intended to foster the creation of multi-level inter-organizational relationships, the benefits (synergistic effects) of which are described in the article on the basis of the analysis and evaluation of inter-organizational cooperation implemented in the Świętokrzyskie region.
EN
Purpose: The aim of the article was to answer the following questions: Does the promotion of local initiatives influence the popularization of the region? How does the cooperation of inter- organizational stakeholders affect the development of the region? How do local initiatives promote the Świętokrzyskie region? What is the role and importance of stakeholders in creating local initiatives? What are the effects of inter-organizational relations in the described examples of local initiatives? Design/methodology/approach: The article uses the case study research method, which seems to be interesting and little known local initiatives to promote the Świętokrzyskie region, and refers to the concept of regional management in terms of the "blue ocean strategy" (e.g. building relationships and inter-organizational cooperation). Findings: The article presents examples of good practice used by municipal managers in the Świętokrzyskie region. These examples best reflect the competitive success of the implemented "blue ocean" strategies based on cooperation between stakeholders, searching for common values and building inter-organizational relationship networks as a key element of competitive advantage. Practical implications: Managers of the region can apply a blue ocean strategy based on regional partnership, building inter-organizational relationship networks and inter- organizational collaboration. When creating a new strategy, mayors, starosts and marshals should apply actions to increase competitive advantage. Social implications: A strategy based on the values of partnership and cooperation consists in: observing alternative strategic solutions of other regions, educating them, applying various strategies, reprogramming the thinking of the local society (e.g. not only communication routes are important, but also ecological behaviours), creating solutions favourable for the development of the municipality (e.g. a common sewage treatment plant, health resort), each of which will have the benefit of creating new solutions, accepting innovations, distinctive features, shaping external trends (e.g. the Park of Miniature World Buildings in Krajno). Originality/value: The article is recommended to region managers (mayors, starosts, marshals) who are looking for a strategy to increase the region's competitiveness. The article constitutes an innovative solution for the application of the "blue ocean strategy", which so far has been described only in the case of enterprises. The article is a guide for "region managers" who build a strategy of competitiveness based on inter-organizational cooperation and activate stakeholders to create local initiatives. The competitive success of two local initiatives in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship is for them a source of research, analyses as well as a guide to good practice. The article presents the implementation of the "blue ocean strategy" in an original way, by promoting the role of the region's stakeholders.
PL
Inicjatywy lokalne uważają, że potrafią lepiej sobie radzić organizując zrównoważoną produkcję energii na szczeblu lokalnym dla zaspokojenia potrzeb określonej społeczności. Ważnym czynnikiem rozwoju tego rodzaju struktur jest silne zaangażowanie obywateli tworzących spójność społeczną, pobudzającą lokalną aktywność gospodarczą. Lokalne inicjatywy są organizowane w dowolnej formie osoby prawnej, takiej jak korporacja czy fundacja. W prawie polskim, wprowadzona nowelizacją ustawy o odnawialnych źródłach energii, instytucja klastra energii, nie daje mu osobowości prawnej. Klaster jest jednak reprezentowany przez koordynatora, którym powinien być podmiot posiadający osobowość prawną.
PL
Jednym ze współczesnych sposobów na rozwój obszarów wiejskich, jest turystyka wiejska oparta na idei wiosek tematycznych. Istotą jej jest tworzenie indywidualnej oferty poprzez pobudzenie aktywności społecznej i wykorzystanie endogenicznych czynników rozwojowych. Dziś istnieje już wiele wiosek tematycznych i wciąż notuje się powstawanie nowych, część z nich zrzeszona jest w sieć. Oferta wiosek tematycznych jest zróżnicowana, bazuje na zasobach materialnych czy niematerialnych, miejscowych bądź zapożyczonych, może rozwijać się dzięki umiejętnościom czy pomysłowości mieszkańców. Powstają nowe obiekty, tereny integracji społecznej, a przy nich także zieleń, nieodłączny element krajobrazu wiejskiego. Celem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie aktualnej liczby wsi tematycznych funkcjonujących na terenie Dolnego Śląska oraz analiza aspektów krajobrazowych wykorzystywanych w ich tematach przewodnich. Na bazie zebranych informacji wykonano klasyfikację rodzajów specjalizacji i określono, w jaki sposób wykorzystują one walory krajobrazowe, czy zasoby przyrodnicze. Następnie na przykładzie wsi Spytków podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: jak kształtowany jest krajobraz wsi tematycznej w oparciu o realizację pomysłów na całą wieś?
EN
One of the modern ways of rural development, is rural tourism based on the idea of thematic villages. The essence of this kind of tourism is creating individual offer by stimulating social activity and the use of endogenous development factors. Nowadays there are many thematic villages and still the emergence of new ones can be noticed. Some of the villages begin to form a network. The offer of thematic villages is varied, based on material and immaterial resources which are local or borrowed, it can develop thanks to the skill and creativity of the inhabitants. There are new buildings and areas of social integration created, and together with them the vegetation, an integral part of the rural landscape. The aim of the study was to determine the current number of thematic villages operating in the area of Lower Silesia and the analysis of aspects of the landscape used in their main themes. Based on the collected information, types of village specialization were classified and ways of using landscape values or natural resources were determined. Next, on the example of the village of Spytków we attempted to answer the question of: how the landscape of a thematic village is managed on the basis of implementation of the concepts for the entire village?
PL
Obszary wiejskie nieustannie podlegają zmianom. Często wynikają one z bliskiego sąsiedztwa z dużymi miastami bądź po prostu z panującej ówcześnie mody. Mało już która wieś utrzymuje się wyłącznie z rolnictwa i coraz częściej pierwotny, monofunkcyjny model ustępuje miejsca wsi wielofunkcyjnej. Wsie zaczynają otwierać się również na zewnątrz, tworząc indywidualną ofertę przyciągającą na ich tereny potencjalnych turystów. W związku z tym powstają m.in. wioski tematyczne, wyprawy odkrywców, cykliczne święta lokalne, a także lokalne produkty, których zadaniem jest ożywienie potencjału obszarów wiejskich poprzez wyeksponowanie zasobów wsi. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie zmian, jakie w ostatnich latach zaszły na obszarach wiejskich województwa dolnośląskiego, przede wszystkim tych, których procederami byli sami mieszkańcy.
EN
Rural areas are undoubtedly undergoing changes. Often as a result of the proximity to a large city or simply because of prevailing trends. There are few villages left that are supported only by agriculture and with increasing frequency the original, singlefunction model is being replaced by a multi-functional village. Villages are starting to open themselves up to the outside world by trying to attract potential tourists to visit local areas. The result of all of this is the appearance of themed villages, expeditions for rural explorers, seasonal local festivals and local products which are meant to revive rural areas by displaying local attractions. The aim of the following article is to highlight the changes which have been occurring in recent years in rural areas in Lower Silesia, especially those which were initiated by local residents.
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